• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.7-11
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• 2001

Purpose : To evaluate the neurologic abnormalities in the donor limb after contralateral C7 transfer in brachial plexus injury. Materials and Methods : From August 1996 to December 1999, five patients with brachial plexus injury were treated with contralateral C7 nerve root transfer. The average follow up was 16 months(range, 5 to 36 months). The clinical findings were assessed using the British Medical Research Council Grading System, and also measured grip power, pinch power of hand and two point discrimination of the fingers. Results : We had no difference in shoulder abduction and elbow flexion after contralateral C7 transfer. The grip and pinch strength were recovered within 4weeks. Sensory loss occurred in all patients and was noted to be more severe on index and middle finger. Four patients recovered within 2 weeks, one continued till one year. Subjective numbness and pain on percussion minimally persisted until last follow-up. Conclusion : The division of the C7 nerve root resulted in minimal and temporary functional deficit in the donor upper limb.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.192-194
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• 2008

A 15-month-old, intact male, domestic short hair cat was presented with ataxia, protrusion of the right third eyelid, and anorexia. Clinical signs were firstly noted after ear cleaning at home. Symptoms of the Homer's syndrome were evident. However, postural and proprioceptive reaction deficits were not detected on neurologic examination. Otoscopic examination revealed foreign body in right ear canal. A diagnosis of peripheral vestibular syndrome was made based on results of physical examination including neurologic and otic examination, blood work, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Based on these examinations, the present patient was definitely diagnosed as otitis medial interna induced by foreign body. The vestibular signs were resolved 10 days after removal of cotton tips in right ear canal. This case report indicates that home-care cotton swab can iatrogenically induce otitis media/interna in cats.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.38 no.3 s.248
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• pp.237-240
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• 2005

Improved operative, anesthetic, and cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) techniques have significantly reduced postoperative complications; however, neurologic disorders remain a serious complication after open heart surgery. Possible explanations for neurologic complications are microembolism from CPB, decreased cerebral pefusion pressure due to intraoperative hypotension and unexpected metabolic changes. Amomg these, seizure has low incidence and Todd's paralysis after open heart surgery is extremely rare. Todd's paralysis is a complication of a seizure due to neuronal exhaustion mimicking large cerebral infarction after open heart surgery.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.50 no.6
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• pp.520-522
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• 2011

Injury to the vertebral artery during anterior cervical discectomy is rare but potentially fatal. We report a case of cerebellar infarction after endovascular embolization for iatrogenic vertebral artery injury at C5-C6 during an anterior cervical discectomy and fusion. A 61-year-old man had an intraoperative injury of the right vertebral artery that occurred during anterior cervical discectomy and fusion at C5-C6. Hemorrhage was not controlled successfully by packing with surgical hemostatic agents. While the patient was still intubated, an emergency angiogram was performed. The patient underwent endovascular occlusion of the right V2 segment with coils. After the procedure, his course was uneventful and he did not show any neurologic deficits. Brain computed tomographic scans taken 3 days after the operation revealed a right cerebellar infarction. Anti-coagulation medication was administered, and at 3-month follow-up examination, he had no neurologic sequelae in spite of the cerebellar infarction.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.245-250
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• 2005

The syndrome of reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome(RPLS) is characterized clinically by acute neurologic signs such as headache, vomiting, confusion, seizures, and visual abnormalities. Radiologically, abnormalities consistent with reversible white matter edema in the occipital and parietal lobes are characteristic. RPLS has often been associated with various systemic disorders, such as hypertensive encefhalopathy, eclampsia, and the use of intravenous or intrathecal immunosuppressive drugs. We report a case of RPLS that occurred after intravenous steroid pulse therapy and treatment with oral cyclophosphamide in a child with nephrotic syndrome, and we emphasize the importance of early recognition of RPLS in the treatment of nephrotic syndrome and appropriate management tn prevent Permanent neurologic disability. (J Korean Soc Pediatr Nephrol 2005;9:245-250)

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.119-125
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• 2003

Objective : The purpose of this study is to show that there was a significant result in prescribing Herb remedy and Korean-Bee-Venom acupuncture and acupuncture & moxibustion therapy to Urinary incontinence patients due to Neurologic Bladder caused by Cauda equina syndrome after having an vertebrae lumbale operation. Method : The methods used in this study was observe the patient's subjective improvement, valuation of the bladder function and the change of the sensibility drop when Herb remedy and Korean-Bee-Venom acupuncture and acupuncture was applied. Results : When acupuncture and Korean-Bee-Venom acupuncture was both applied the function of Bladder changed from score 10 to 0 and the Grade of Urinary Incontinence changed from Grade III to 0 also with the sensibility drop. Conclusion : The results show that when using Umnungchon(SP9), Yangnungchon (GB34), Taedon(LR1), Kokkol(CV2) there was an effect to some degree to the Urinary incontinence patients but when Korean-Bee-Venom was acupunctured to Kwanwon(CV4) and Kihae(CV6) the effect increased. Further studies and examples for evidence are required.

• The Journal of the Korean life insurance medical association
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.107-111
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• 2008

The Cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) is degenerative compressive myelopathy which initiation of symptoms seems to be induced by minor cervical trauma or spontaneous event. There was a case of Claim medical examination which was requested to discriminate the cause of ambulatory quadriparesis. Patient asserted that the onset of his myelopathy was followed by minor trauma. The author considered the medical recordings, MRI scan, Claim reports by claim manager. The space available for cord was the smallest at C3-4 level. But on MRI findings, the spinal cord at C3-4 level seemed to be already damaged. There were no recent injury evidences such as hemorrhages, spinal cord contusions, edema, soft tissue hemorrhages. If the space available for cord was small enough to compress the spinal cord, the serious neurologic deficits, non-ambulatory quadriplegia, etc were commonly induced by cervical extension trauma. Patient's asserts did not correspond to his clinical course after cervical trauma. The author reports a case of medical examination for the relationship between symptom onset of cervical spondylotic myelopathy and minor trauma within author's experience.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Clinical Toxicology
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.131-136
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• 2006

Metronidazole is an antimicrobial drug widely used against various types of infectious agents, including protozoa, amoeba, Helicobacter pylori, and anaerobes. Metronidazole may produce some adverse effects on hematologic, immunologic, neurologic and other systems. We report a case of reversible metronidazole-induced encephalopathy. The toxic dose of metronidazole and the onset of encephalopathy were variable. Two patients showed abnormally high signal intensity in the bilateral dentate nucleus of cerebellum, and characteristic abnormalities were detected by brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and T2-weighted images, fluid-attenuated inversion recovery images and/or diffusion weighted imaging (DWI). Discontinuation of metronidazole resulted in the improvement of the neurologic symptoms over a period of two to three weeks. We followed up the brain MRI with DWI in one case following obvious clinical improvement, and the previously detected lesion had disappeared.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.61-63
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• 2004

We describe the case of a 73 year-old female patient, YSG, who initially presented with a manic episode without any previous psychiatric history and was later diagnosed as having a meningioma in the left frontal lobe. YSG's symptoms were characterized by hyperactivity, insomnia, aggressive behavior with an auditory hallucination. She showed no abnormal signs on a complete neurologic examination. A gadolinium-enhanced MRI study showed a huge, extra-axial mass with homogenous enhancement in the left high convexity of the frontal lobe. Her manic symptoms subsided after administration of risperidone 1mg and valproic acid 500mg daily, for three weeks without surgical resection of the tumor. These findings suggest that YSG's mania might have resulted from the left-sided frontal tumor, and that her symptoms were treated rapidly by small doses of risperidone combined with valproic acid. Medical staff who care for manic patients should be aware of this possibility of a organic lesion without evidence of neurologic disease.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.54 no.9
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• pp.389-393
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• 2011

We present the case of a patient with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) encephalitis who developed abnormal white matter lesions during the chronic phases of the infection. A 2-year-old-boy was admitted for a 2 day history of decreased activity with ataxic gait. The results of the physical examination were unremarkable except for generalized lethargy and enlarged tonsils with exudates. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at admission showed multiple high signal intensities in both basal ganglia and thalami. The result of EBV polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of the cerebral spinal fluid was positive, and a serological test showed acute EBV infection. The patient was diagnosed with EBV encephalitis and recovered fully without any residual neurologic complications. Subsequently, follow-up MRI at 5 weeks revealed extensive periventricular white matter lesions. Since the patient remained clinically stable and asymptomatic during the follow-up period, no additional studies were performed and no additional treatments were provided. At the 1-year follow-up, cranial MRI showed complete disappearance of the abnormal high signal intensities previously seen in the white matter. The patient continued to remain healthy with no focal neurologic deficits on examination. This is the first case of asymptomatic self-limited white matter lesions seen in serial MRI studies in a Korean boy with EBV encephalitis.