• Title/Summary/Keyword: Network Routing Protocol

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Energy-aware Source Routing Protocol for Lifetime Maximization in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (이동 애드혹 네트워크에서 생존시간 최대화를 위한 에너지 인지 소스 라우팅 프로토콜)

  • Choi, Hyun-Ho
    • The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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    • v.11 no.3
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    • pp.31-39
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    • 2012
  • In this paper, we propose an energy-aware source routing protocol for maximizing a network lifetime in mobile ad hoc network environments. The proposed routing protocol is based on the source routing and chooses a path that maximize the path lifetime, by considering both transmit/receive power consumption and residual battery power in the mobile nodes from the perspective of source-destination end-to-end. This paper proposes a new routing cost and designs a new routing protocol for minimizing the control packet overhead occurred during the route discovery. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme has similar performances to the conventional routing schemes in terms of the number of transmission hops, transmission rate and total energy consumption, but achieves the performance improvement of 20 percent with respect to the lifetime.

An Energy Efficient Chain-based Routing Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks

  • Sheikhpour, Razieh;Jabbehdari, Sam
    • KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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    • v.7 no.6
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    • pp.1357-1378
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    • 2013
  • Energy constraint of wireless sensor networks makes energy saving and prolonging the network lifetime become the most important goals of routing protocols. In this paper, we propose an Energy Efficient Chain-based Routing Protocol (EECRP) for wireless sensor networks to minimize energy consumption and transmission delay. EECRP organizes sensor nodes into a set of horizontal chains and a vertical chain. Chain heads are elected based on the residual energy of nodes and distance from the header of upper level. In each horizontal chain, sensor nodes transmit their data to their own chain head based on chain routing mechanism. EECRP also adopts a chain-based data transmission mechanism for sending data packets from the chain heads to the base station. The simulation results show that EECRP outperforms LEACH, PEGASIS and ECCP in terms of network lifetime, energy consumption, number of data messages received at the base station, transmission delay and especially energy${\times}$delay metric.

A Beeline Routing Protocol for Heterogeneous WSN for IoT-Based Environmental Monitoring

  • Sahitya, G.;Balaji, N.;Naidu, C.D.
    • International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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    • v.22 no.10
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    • pp.67-72
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    • 2022
  • A wireless sensor network (WSN), with its constrained sensor node energy supply, needs an energy-efficient routing technique that maximises overall system performance. When rumours are routed using a random-walk routing algorithm, which is not highly scalable, spiral pathways may appear. Because humans think a straight line is the quickest route between two sites and two straight lines in a plane are likely to intersect, straight-line routing (SLR) constructs a straight path without the aid of geographic information. This protocol was developed for WSNs. As a result, sensor nodes in WSNs use less energy when using SLR. Using comprehensive simulation data, we show that our upgraded SLR systems outperform rumour routing in terms of performance and energy conservation.

A Study and Performance Analysis of TORA Routing Protocol in Vehicular Adhoc Networks

  • R.Jeevitha;K.Thilakavalli;D.Rajagopal
    • International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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    • v.24 no.9
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    • pp.195-201
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    • 2024
  • Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs) became very popular in few years and it has been widely used in research and industry communities. VANET is a collection of wireless vehicle nodes forming a temporary network without using any centralized Road Side Unit (RSU). VANET is a subset of Mobile Adhoc Networks (MANET). It improves the safety of vehicles. It also supports Intelligent Transportation Systems.Routing is the major component of communication protocols in VANETs. Packets are to be routed from the source node to destination node. Because of frequent topology changes and routing overhead, selection of routing protocol in VANET is a great challenge. There are various routing protocols available for VANET. This paper involves study of Temporally Ordered Routing protocol (TORA) and performance metrics are analyzed with the help of NS2 Simulator.

Power Aware Greedy Perimeter Stateless Routing Protocol for Wireless Ad Hoc Network (무선 Ad Hoc 네트워크을 위한 위치정보 기반 에너지 고려 라우팅 프로토콜)

  • Lee, Byung-Geon;Yoon, Won-Sik
    • Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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    • v.45 no.7
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    • pp.62-66
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    • 2008
  • In this paper we have proposed a power aware location based routing protocol for wireless ad hoc network. The existing greedy perimeter stateless routing (GPSR) has some problems which are certain node overloaded and void situation. The proposed power aware greedy perimeter stateless routing (PAGPSR) protocol gives a solution for these problems in GPSR. PAGPSR uses power aware and geographically informed neighbor selection to route a packet towards the destination. It also gives a solution for the fundamental problem in geographical routing called communication void. It considers residual energy of battery and distance to the destination for the next hope node selection. When it encounters a void it starts limited-flooding to select next hop node. To evaluate the performance of our protocol we simulated PAGPSR in ns-2. Our simulation results show that our protocol achieves longer network lifetime compared with greedy perimeter stateless routing (GPSR).

Schedule communication routing approach to maximize energy efficiency in wireless body sensor networks

  • Kaebeh, Yaeghoobi S.B.;Soni, M.K.;Tyagi, S.S.
    • Smart Structures and Systems
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    • v.21 no.2
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    • pp.225-234
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    • 2018
  • E-Health allows you to supersede the central patient wireless healthcare system. Wireless Body Sensor Network (WBSN) is the first phase of the e-Health system. In this paper, we aim to understand e-Health architecture and configuration, and attempt to minimize energy consumption and latency in transmission routing protocols during restrictive latency in data delivery of WBSN phase. The goal is to concentrate on polling protocol to improve and optimize the routing time interval and schedule communication to reduce energy utilization. In this research, two types of network models routing protocols are proposed - elemental and clustering. The elemental model improves efficiency by using a polling protocol, and the clustering model is the extension of the elemental model that Destruct Supervised Decision Tree (DSDT) algorithm has been proposed to solve the time interval conflict transmission. The simulation study verifies that the proposed models deliver better performance than the existing BSN protocol for WBSN.

PCBRP : Improved Paired Cluster-Based Routing Protocol in The Mobile Ad-Hoc Network (PCBRP : 모바일 애드혹 네트워크에서 클러스터 쌍을 이용한 효율적인 Cluster-Based Routing Protocol)

  • Kim, ChangJin;Kim, Wu Woan;Jang, Sangdong
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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    • 2012.10a
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    • pp.31-34
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    • 2012
  • In MANET, frequent movement of nodes causes the dynamic network topology changes. Therefore the routing protocol, which is very stable to effectively respond the changes of the network changes, is required. Moreover, the existing cluster-based routing protocol, that is the hybrid approach, has routing delay due to the re-electing of the cluster header. In addition, the routing table of CBRP has all only one hop distant neighbor nodes. PCBRP, proposed in this paper, ties two clusters in one pair of clusters to make longer radius. Then the pair of the cluster headers manages and operates corresponding member nodes. When they route nodes in the paired cluster internally, PCBRP reduces the delay by requesting a route. Therefore PCBRP shows improved total delay of the network and improved performance of packet transmitting rate.

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A study on Inference Network Based on the Resilient Ontology-based Dynamic Multicast Routing Protocol (상황인식 기반의 RODMRP 추론망 연구)

  • Kim, Sun-Guk;Chi, Sam-Hyun;Lee, Kang-Whan
    • Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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    • v.11 no.6
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    • pp.1214-1221
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    • 2007
  • Ad-hoc network is soft wireless communication network that is consisted of mobile node and clusters without helping of infrastructure. We propose a new ad hoc multicast routing protocol for based on the ontology scheme called inference network. Ontology knowledge-based is one of the structure of context-aware. Proposed structure is consisted of context awareness parameters as like distance between each nodes. The proposed architecture performs two types of routing discovery. One is Flooding Discovery Routing(FDR) for comparing analysis step and Local Discovery Routing(LDR) to compose path of node forecast(preservation) step from node's state value. The inference network structure of proposed RODMRP(Resilient Ontology-based Dynamic Multicast Routing Protocol) adopts a tree structure to enhance an efficient packet in various environment between mobile node. We will have developed an algorithm that will desist multi-hierarchy Layered networks to simulate a desired system.

Power Aware Routing Protocol in Multimedia Ad-hoc Network Considering Hop Lifetime of Node

  • Huh, Jun-Ho;Kim, Yoondo;Seo, Kyungryong
    • Journal of Multimedia Information System
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    • v.1 no.2
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    • pp.101-110
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    • 2014
  • The purpose of this research is to extend Ad-hoc network system lifetime with the proposed routing protocol which has considered hop lifetimes of the nodes while guaranteeing QoS in the establishment process of Ad-hoc network communication paths. Based on another power aware routing system that proposed in the advanced research [1], we are proposing an alternative power aware routing system in which nodes' hop lifetimes are compared in order to extend the lifetime of an Ad-hoc network system and delay factors have been considered for the assurance of QoS. The research of the routing protocol in this paper, which aims to maximize the system survival time considering power consumption status during the path searching in MANET and pursues the mechanism that controls hop delays for the same reason, can be applied to the study of WSN. The study concerning such phenomena is essential so that the proposed protocol has been simulated and verified with NS-2 in Linux system focusing on the lifetimes of the hops of the nodes. Commercialization of smart devices and arrival of the ubiquitous age has brought about the world where all the people and things are connected with networks. Since the proposed power aware method and the hop delay control mechanism used to find the adequate communication paths in MANET which mainly uses batteries or in WSN, they can largely contribute to the lifetime extension of the network system by reducing power consumptions when utilized for the communications attempts among soldiers during military operation, disaster areas, temporary events or exhibitions, mobile phone shadow areas, home networks, in-between vehicle communications and sense networks, etc. This paper presents the definitions and some advantages regarding the proposed outing protocol that sustain and extend the lifetime of the networks.

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EZR: Expansive Search Zone Routing Protocol for Ship Ad Hoc Networks (선박 애드 혹 네트워크를 위한 확장탐색구역 경로배정 프로토콜)

  • Son, Joo-Young
    • Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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    • v.32 no.8
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    • pp.1269-1277
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    • 2008
  • Ships at sea cannot exchange data among them easily so far. Basically voice-oriented communication systems are the main methods, some of them utilize the HF radio systems at lower bit rates, and for higher bit rates, the Inmarsat or VSAT are adopted. None of them are used widely because of lower qualities and higher costs. There exist many technical and economical limits to have the Internet service just like on land such as the WWW service. In order to achieve the improved transmission rates of the maritime communication networks at farther sea, MANET(Mobile Ad Hoc Network) is one of the most practical models. In this paper, a new routing protocol named EZR (Expansive Search Zone Routing Protocol) is proposed, which is based on SANET (Ship Ad Hoc Network) model that has some different features from MANET and VANET (Vehicular Ad Hoc Network). The search zone for the shortest path is firstly found by EZR. If no path is searched in the zone, the zone is expanded according to the rule of EZR. The zone-expanding and path-searching procedures are repeated until the path is found out. The performance of EZR is evaluated and compared with LAR protocol which is one of the most typical routing protocols based on geographical information. The simulated results show that EZR is much better than LAR at sea environments in terms of routing success rate, route optimality, and a single index of performance combined the previous two metrics.