• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.88-96
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• 2007

This paper discusses the fast modulation classifiers capable of classifying both analog and digital modulation signals in wireless communications applications. A total of 7 statistical signal features are extracted and used to classify 9 modulated signals. In this paper, we investigate the performance of the two types of fast modulation classifiers (i.e. 2 nearest neighbor classifiers and 2 minimum distance classifiers) and compare the performance of these classifiers with that of the state of the art for the existing classification methods such as SVM Classifier. Computer simulations indicate good performance on an AWGN channel, even at low signal-to-noise ratios, in case of minimum distance classifiers (MDC for short) and k nearest neighbor classifiers (kNNC for short). Besides a good performance, these type classifiers are considered as ideal candidate to adapt real-time software radio because of their fast modulation classification capability.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제13권11호
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• pp.5354-5369
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• 2019

Sensor networks are deployed in unheeded environment to monitor the situation. In view of the unheeded environment and by the nature of their communication channel sensor nodes are vulnerable to various attacks most commonly malicious packet dropping attacks namely blackhole, grayhole attack and sinkhole attack. In each of these attacks, the attackers capture the sensor nodes to inject fake details, to deceive other sensor nodes and to interrupt the network traffic by packet dropping. In all such attacks, the compromised node advertises itself with fake routing facts to draw its neighbor traffic and to plunge the data packets. False routing advertisement play vital role in deceiving genuine node in network. In this paper, behavior based routing misbehavior detection (BRMD) is designed in wireless sensor networks to detect false advertiser node in the network. Herein the sensor nodes are monitored by its neighbor. The node which attracts more neighbor traffic by fake routing advertisement and involves the malicious activities such as packet dropping, selective packet dropping and tampering data are detected by its various behaviors and isolated from the network. To estimate the effectiveness of the proposed technique, Network Simulator 2.34 is used. In addition packet delivery ratio, throughput and end-to-end delay of BRMD are compared with other existing routing protocols and as a consequence it is shown that BRMD performs better. The outcome also demonstrates that BRMD yields lesser false positive (less than 6%) and false negative (less than 4%) encountered in various attack detection.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.566-577
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• 2012

In randomly deployed networks, such as sensor networks, an important problem for each node is to discover its neighbor nodes so that the connectivity amongst nodes can be established. In this paper, we consider this problem by incorporating the physical layer parameters in contrast to the most of the previous work which assumed a collision channel. Specifically, the pilot signals that nodes transmit are successfully decoded if the strength of the received signal relative to the interference is sufficiently high. Thus, each node must extract signal parameter information from the superposition of an unknown number of received signals. This problem falls naturally in the purview of random set theory (RST) which generalizes standard probability theory by assigning sets, rather than values, to random outcomes. The contributions in the paper are twofold: First, we introduce the realistic effect of physical layer considerations in the evaluation of the performance of logical discovery algorithms; such an introduction is necessary for the accurate assessment of how an algorithm performs. Secondly, given the double uncertainty of the environment (that is, the lack of knowledge of the number of neighbors along with the lack of knowledge of the individual signal parameters), we adopt the viewpoint of RST and demonstrate its advantage relative to classical matched filter detection method.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.634-644
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• 2016

Channel-based radio-frequency fingerprinting such as a channel impulse response (CIR), channel transfer function (CTF), and frequency coherence function (FCF) have been recently proposed to improve the accuracy at the physical layer; however, their empirical performance, advantages, and limitations have not been well reported. This paper provides a comprehensive empirical performance evaluation of RF location fingerprinting, focusing on a comparison of received-signal strength, CIR-, CTF-, and FCF-based fingerprinting using the weighted k-nearest neighbor pattern recognition technique. Frequency domain channel measurements in the IEEE 802.11 band taken on a university campus were used to evaluate the accuracy of the fingerprinting types and their robustness to human-induced motion perturbations of the channel. The localization performance was analyzed, and the results are described using the spatial and temporal radio propagation characteristics. In particular, we introduce the coherence region to explain the spatial properties and investigate the impact of the Doppler spread in time-varying channels on the time coherence of RF fingerprint structures.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제43권6호
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• pp.966-977
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• 2021

Filterbank multicarrier with offset quadrature amplitude modulation (FBMC-OQAM) is an attractive alternative to the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) modulation technique. In comparison with OFDM, the FBMC-OQAM signal has better spectral confinement and higher spectral efficiency and tolerance to synchronization errors, primarily due to per-subcarrier filtering using a frequency-time localized prototype filter. However, the filtering process introduces intrinsic interference among the symbols and complicates channel estimation (CE). An efficient way to improve the CE in FBMC-OQAM is using a technique known as windowed frequency domain averaging (FDA); however, it requires a priori knowledge of the window length parameter which is set based on the channel's frequency selectivity (FS). As the channel's FS is not fixed and not a priori known, we propose a k-nearest neighbor-based machine learning algorithm to classify the FS and decide on the FDA's window length. A comparative theoretical analysis of the mean-squared error (MSE) is performed to prove the proposed CE scheme's effectiveness, validated through extensive simulations. The adaptive CE scheme is shown to yield a reduction in CE-MSE and improved bit error rates compared with the popular preamble-based CE schemes for FBMC-OQAM, without a priori knowledge of channel's frequency selectivity.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 1998년도 하계종합학술대회논문집
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• pp.607-610
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• 1998

The major objectives of speech coding include high compression ratio for transmission in the band limited channel, high synthesized speech quality in terms of the intelligibility and the naturalness and fast processing speed. In general, speech coding methods are classified into the following three categories: the wavelform coding, the source coding and the hybird coding. In this paper, we proposed a new waveform coding method using PSOLA(pitch-synchronous overlap add) technique. First, we fixed one basic waveform per pitch and measured the formant similarity between basic and neighbor waveform. Second, if the similairy satisfied threshold values, we compress the neighbor waveform per pitch and then store or transmit. When the comparession is about 45%, we obtained about 4 in MOS.

• 산업기술연구
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• 제24권B호
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• pp.187-192
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• 2004

In this paper, we introduce a packet diversity scheme to increase uplink channel utilization in a wireless network where forward error correction is used. The packet diversity allows neighbor base stations to receive uplink packets from a mobile terminal in order to increase the utilization of the uplink channel. By allowing multiple base stations to receive the same packets, we can improve the error correction capability in an uplink channel. By incorporating the packet diversity we can reduce the parity overhead of each packet for a given tolerable loss probability, which improves the link efficiency.

• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2006년도 하계종합학술대회
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• pp.55-56
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• 2006

Directional antennas are used to improve spatial reuse, but have the problem of deafness. The DUDMAC protocol uses the ORTS, OCTS, DDATA, and DACK mechanisms and a blocking algorithm for directional transmissions. In this paper, we propose a tone dual-channel directional MAC (Tone DUDMAC) protocol to improve spatial reuse. The Tone DUDMAC protocol uses the ORTS, DCTS, DDATA, and DACK mechanisms including the DDATA_tone and OCTS_tone. We use ORTS as that in DUDMAC because of location unawareness of neighbor's nodes. The DDATA_tone and OCTS_tone reduce a blocking area and improve spatial reuse. We confirm the throughput performance of the proposed MAC protocol by computer simulations using Qualnet ver.3.8 simulator.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제32권1A호
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• pp.34-43
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• 2007

In the IEEE 802.15.3 Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol, Simultaneously Operating Piconets (SOPs) are linked by the parent/child (P/C) or parent/neighbor (P/N) configuration, which work on a Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) basis. This provides interference mitigation but the overall throughput is limited because the SOPs share the channel time exclusively. The protocol is not efficient for SOPs if we focus on the combination of interference mitigation and high throughput maintenance. In this paper Public Channel Time Allocation (Public CTA) is proposed, which is able to greatly reduce the inter-piconet interference (IPI) and achieve greater throughput without much loss of link success probability (LSP) in the SOPs. The simulation results based on the SOPs of Direct Sequence Ultra Wideband (DS-UWB) system demonstrate that the proposed scheme effectively supports the coexistence of SOPs, and it can not only significantly improve the overall throughput of SOPs but also maintain high LSP.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제34권2A호
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• pp.99-106
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• 2009

본 논문에서는 OFDMA(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex Access) 기반 셀룰러 시스템에 셀 간 간섭회피 및 제거 기법을 적용하기 위한 UCA(UIIM Channel Algorithm) 알고리즘을 제안한다. 3가지 주파수 설계 방식 하에 서로 다른 2가지 UCA 알고리즘으로 단말에 주파수를 할당하는 방법들의 성능을 살펴본다. 제안한 UCA 알고리즘은 홈 섹터와 인접 섹터에서 전송된 수신 신호 파워 정보를 사용한다. 모의실험을 통해서 모든 UCA 알고리즘과 주파수 설계의 조합을 비교한다. 주된 비교 수단은 하위 5% 단말 데이터 신호대 간섭 및 잡음비이다. 제안한 UCA 알고리즘은 셀 안쪽에 위치한 단말에게는 상대적으로 낮은 파워를 할당하여 인접 셀에 유도되는 간섭을 회피하고 심벌 반복을 통하여 셀 외곽에 위치한 단말에 대한 간섭을 완화시킨다. 주파수 설계 1을 적용한 UCA 알고리즘 2가 하위 5% 단말 데이터 신호대 간섭 및 잡음비 면에서 다른 경우들에 비해 좋은 성능을 보인다.