• 대한기관식도과학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.121-125
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• 2010

Background: Penetrating neck injuries are potentially dangerous and require emergency management because of the presence of vital structures in the neck. The risk of airway, vascular, neurological, and pharyngoesophageal injuries leads to many difficult diagnostic decisions. The purpose of this retrospective study is to evaluate our experience with management of penetrating neck injuries, and to assess treatment outcome. Material and Method: Forty-two consecutive patients were identified (26 patients from Korea university Ansan hospital, 16 patients from Guro hospital) as having penetrating neck injuries from 2003 to 2009. With review of medical records, variables were collected and evaluated including the location of injury, mechanism of injury, number of significant injuries, diagnostic modalities, duration of hospital stay and outcome. Results: The location of injury was zone I (lower neck) in 13 cases (31%), zone II (midportion of the neck) in 22 (52%), and zone III (upper neck) in 7 (17%). Injuries were caused by stab wounds in 23 patients, penetrating foreign bodies in 12. Among 35 patients who had deep injuries that violated the platysma, significant injuries, including major vascular (20), trachea (5) Pharyngoesophageal injuries (5) were identified in 24 patients. The mean hospital stay was 9.5 days. Conclusion: The penetrating trauma in the neck may show various degrees of severity. However, Cervical penetrating injury should not be underestimated in spite of the minimal width of the lesion.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.1-5
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• 2018

Purpose: Although there has been substantial progress for the treatment of thoracic trauma, the mortality of the penetrating neck injury is still high, has been reported about 10-15%. However, there has not been a report which is reflecting Korean medical present. We retrospectively analyzed the penetrating neck injury patients based on the Korean Trauma Data Base. Methods: Between December 2013 and June 2017 at the trauma center of the Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea, total of 36 patients with isolated low-velocity penetrating neck injuries were included. We analyzed the patients' age, gender, injury mechanism and causes by medical chart review. Results: Among total of 36 patients, 26 (72.2%) were male and 10 (27.8%) were female. Homicidal neck injuries were most common, followed by accidental and suicidal injuries (47% vs. 33% vs. 19%, respectively). All penetrating injuries in our study were low-velocity trauma such as following: knife (n=16, 44.4%); glass or glass bottle (n=11, 30.6%); scissors (n=4, 11.1%); grinder (n=2, 5.6%); and three (8.3%) of miscellaneous injuries. Twenty-seven (75.0%) patients underwent emergency surgery, and only one (2.8%) patient underwent elective surgery. Eleven (30.6) patients were diagnosed with superficial injuries, including six patients who had conservative treatment. Twelve (33.3%) patients had arterial injuries and 10 (27.8%) patients had venous injuries. The patients who had deep injuries showed significant difference against the patient with superficial injury (98.0 vs. 129.1, p=0.008). Conclusions: Low velocity penetrating injury confined to the neck is able to be successfully treated with prompt surgical management. Regardless of the conditions which are evaluated at emergency department, all penetrating neck injury patients should be regarded as urgent surgical candidates.

• 대한음성언어의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한음성언어의학회 1999년도 제12회 학술대회
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• pp.186-186
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• 1999

Tracheoesophageal fistulation following total laryngectomy has widely been used for voice restoration, This technique make exhaled air to divert to hypopharynx where phayngoesophageal segment forms the neoglottis. Even through layngectomized patients loss the normal laryngeal adjustment for speaking, it has been known that voiced and voiceless sounds are prodused in TE phonation. Nine TE speakeres were subjected to present study designed to clarity the mechanism of neoglottic adjustment in TE phonation, Fiberoptic examination and radiologic studies were performed at all patients and EMG study was performed at 3 patients during I phonation. Fiberoptic ＆ radiologic studies revealed the location of neoglottis, so called pharyngoesophargeal segment which was vibrated well. EMG activity increased for sound production at retropharyngeal prominence. These results indicated that neoglottic adjustment in TE phonation.

• The Korean Journal of Ceramics
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.110-114
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• 1999

NOx sensing properties of $Ba_2WO_5$ were investigated by varying the sintering temperature in an effort to study the effects of the neck-width on gas sensitivity. $Ba_2WO_5$ sintered at $800^{\circ}C$, which exhibits neck-controlled conduction provides highest sensitivity of 47 and 29 at $500^{\circ}C$ to NO and $NO_2$, respectively. The samples sintered beyond $800^{\circ}C$ show sintering temperature-independent gas sensitivity. This may be because the grain boundary control is dominant at lower sintering temperatures and open neck control is dominant at higher sintering temperatures than $800{\circ}C$. The NOx sensing mechanism of $Ba_2WO_5$ was briefly discussed.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.57-60
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• 2011

Pulsed radiofrequency (PRF) treatment of nervous tissue has been proposed as a less neurodestructive technique alternative to continuous RF heat lesioning. Recently, clinical reports using PRF have shown favorable effects in the treatment of a variety of focal pain areas, even in non-nervous tissues; however, the mechanism of effect underlying this treatment to non-nervous tissue remains unclear. We report the case of a 67-year-old male who presented with pain reliving point in the posterior neck. The patient had pain in the posterior neck for 3 years. The pain subsided with pressure applied to a point in the posterior neck. There were no specific abnormal findings on laboratory testing and radiologic examinations. After PRF treatment to the pain-relieving point, he had pain relief which lasted more than 5 months.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.315-324
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• 2012

The purpose of current study was to investigate the effects of the heights on the lower extremities, torso and neck segments for energy dissipation during single-leg drop landing from different heights. Twenty eight young healthy male subjects(age: $23.21{\pm}1.66yr$, height: $176.03{\pm}4.22cm$, weight: $68.93{\pm}5.36kg$) were participated in this study. The subjects performed the single-leg drop landing from the various height(30, 45 & 60 cm). Force plates and motion-capture system were used to capture ground reaction force and kinematics data, respectively. The results were as follows. First, the ROM at the ankle, knee, hip and trunk was increased with the increased heights but the ROM at the neck was increased in the 60cm. Second, the angular velocity, moment and eccentric work at the ankle, knee, hip, trunk, and neck was increased with the increased heights. Third, the contribution to total work at the knee joint was not significantly different, while the ankle joint rate was decreased and hip and neck rate was increased in the 60cm, and trunk rate was increased with the increased heights. Lastly, the increase in landing height was able to augment the level of energy dissipation not only at the lower extremities but also at the trunk and neck. The findings showed that drop landing affect trunk and neck with lower extremity joints. Therefore, we need to consider that trunk and neck strengthening including stability should be added to reduce sports injury during prevention training.

• 대한두경부종양학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.158-164
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• 2005

Purpose: The serine/threonine kinase Akt was described to inhibit apoptosis in cancer. This study was to examine the effect of Gleevec on head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC) through the mechanism of Akt. Experimental Design: Gleevec was introduced into the HNSCC cell lines UMSCC10B, HN12 and HN30 in a range of concentrations. Cell viability was assessed by clonogenic survival analysis. Targets of Gleevec(PDGFR, c-Kit, and c-Abl) were evaluated by Western blot. HNSCC tissue samples were stained for PDGFR, c-Kit and phosphorylated Akt. Akt phosphorylation following Gleevec treatment was assessed using Western blot. Akt siRNA was used to as the positive control. Results: Colony forming efficiency decreased with an increase in concentration of Gleevec. Expressions of PDGFR, c-Kit, and c-Abl were observed in HNSCC cells. Immunohistochemistry confirmed high expression of PDGFR, c-Kit, and p-Akt in human HNSCC tissues. Akt kinase activity was significantly inhibited with increasing concentration of Gleevec in HNSCC cells, and near complete dephosphorylation of Akt was observed at $6{\mu}M$ of Gleevec in the UMSCC10B and HN30 cell lines. Conclusions: Gleevec at clinically comparable concentrations caused a dose dependant decrease in HNSCC survival. The decreased cell survival was related to the inhibition of Akt kinase activity and dephosphorylation of Akt. Akt signaling pathway may be a relevant target for Gleevec in treating HNSCC.

• 한방재활의학과학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.95-103
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• 2020

Objectives The purpose of this study is to assess the effect of korean medicinal admission treatment for degenerative lumbar diseases with spondylolysis and analyze their radiological findings. Methods This study was performed on 25 cases' medical records of spondylolysis patients with both X-rays and MRI images. Their general characteristics, morphologies of intervertebral discs, grades of spondylolisthesis, grades of intervertebral foraminal stenosis were analyzed. The efficacy of treatment was evaluated by numeric pain rating scale (NPRS) changes and statistically assessed by paired t-test using program R Studio. Results After admission treatment, NPRS scores significantly decreased from 6.76±2.07 to 2.38±1.22 (p<0.01). Spondylolysis was associated with degenerative disc change and intervertebral foraminal stenosis at the same or adjacent vertebral level. In spondylolisthesis cases (76%), forward slippage occurred at the same level of spondylolysis in every case. Conclusions Spondylolysis could play a key role in the lumbar degenerative mechanism and korean medicinal admission treatment is effective on pain relief of degenerative lumbar diseases with spondylolysis.

• Molecular & Cellular Toxicology
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.133-140
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• 2009

Caveolin may be a molecular target for modulation of aging process in cochlear hair cells and have association with oxotoxicity. First we investigated the basal expression of caveolin-1, caveolin-2, caveolin-3, nitric oxide synthase, and superoxide dismutase in UB/OC-1 cochlear hair cell line. By using a RNA interference technique, we investigated whether down-regulation of caveolin influenced telomerase activity and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in cochlear hair cells. In addition, cisplatin and gentamycin, known ototoxic drugs, were administered to the cochlear cells to determine their impact on caveolin expression. Further attempts at elucidating cellular aging mechanism with caveolin and ototoxic drugs were carried out. The main discoveries were the presence of caveolin-1 in UB/OC-1 cells and that down-regulation of caveolin-1 reduced protein kinase A activity. Telomerase was activated by caveolin down-regulation and caveolin down-regulation inhibited oxidative stress at the mitochondrial level. When cisplatin and gentamycin were administered to the cochlear hair cells during a caveolin expression state, a decrease in telomerase activity and increase ROS activity was observed. Caveolin-1 may modulate the senescent mechanisms in cochlear cells. An increase in caveolin-1 levels can lead to ROS production in the mitochondria which may cause ototoxicity.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.49-54
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• 1994

Teratogenic effects of diazinon were assessed on morphology of chick embryos cholinergic blocking agents. Diazinon at doses ranging from 25 to $2000{\mu}g/egg$, was injected on Day 3 of incubation. $TD_{50S}$, were different for the various teratogenic sings such as wry neck, micromelia, abnormal feathering, abnormal beak and curled claws. The threshold dose for wry neck was higher than the threshold dose for other signs; $40{\mu}g/egg$ produced substantial micromelia, abnormal feathering, abnormal beak and curled claws, but gave no sings of wry neck. In contrast to the teratogenic doses, the $LD_{50}$ of diazinon was very high(above $2000{\mu}g/egg$). One of the characteristics of diazinon-induced teratogenesis was reduction of body weight(78.8%) and body length(73.8%). Maximal teratogenic effects, scored as sings of retarded growth, wry neck, micromelia, abnormal feathering, abnormal beak, and curled claws, were produced when the insectcide was administered on the third or fourth day. The threshold dose for type II teratogenic sings including wry neck and short neck was higher than for type I including micromelia and abnormal feathering. Morphorlogical studies, using atropine and gallamine, suggested that nicotinc but not muscarinic receptors may be involved in the mechanism of diazinon-induced type II malformations.