• Proceedings of the Korean Journal of Food and Nutrition Conference
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• 2003.07a
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• pp.76-76
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• 2003

This study was conducted to investigate dietary and other factors affecting bone mineral density (BMD) in Korean premenopausal women. Seventy-eight premenopausal women who visited health promotion center for health examinations volunteered to participate in this study and they were divided into two groups according to the bone status by T-score : normal or osteopenic group and osteoporotic group. The demographic and general characteristics, and dietary intake were surveyed using the questionnaire. BMDs of the lumbar spine and femoral neck of subjects were measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Serum samples were measured for Lipid concentration, and calcium, phosphorus, alkaline phosphatase as bone formation indicators. Urine was analysed for creatinine as bone resolution indicators. The results are as follows:The mean BMDs of the lumbar spine and femoral neck were 1.21 0.02g/cm$^2$ and 0.97 0.04g/cm$^2$, respectively and the BMD levels of osteoporotic group were significantly lower than that of normal or osteopenic group (p<0.001, respectively). Height in osteoporotic group was significantly lower than that of normal or osteopenic group (p<0.01), and bodyweight did not show any significant difference but had a lower tendency. Mean daily intake of energy was 1720 52ka1. When nutrient intake was compared with recommended dietary allowances (RDA) of subjects, calcium, Fe, vitamin A and riboflavin intakes showed means lower than RDA. The nutrient intake did not show any significant difference between normal or osteopenic group and osteoporotic group except intakes of protein fat and niacin. Serum and urine levels did not show any significant differences between normal or osteopenic group and osteoporotic group and all were within normal range, however, serum alkaline phosphatase level of osteoporotic group was significantly higher than that of normal or osteopenic group (p<0.001). Height showed positive correlations with lumbar spine bone mineral density (LBMD, r=0.332, p<0.01), no correlation was found with femoral neck bone mineral density (NBMD). Age, age at menarche, bodyweight, body mass index (BMI) and obesity showed no correlation with BMD. The BMD of the lumbar spine was significantly and positively related to the intake of niacin and vitamin C (r=0.236, p<0.05; r=0.274, p<0.05). Serum levels of calcium and phosphorus showed a negative correlation with LBMD (r=-0.698, p=0.0001; r=-0.503, p=0.0001, respectively). The results suggested that the BMDs of the lumbar spine was positively related to the intake of niacin and vitamin C in premenopausal women. Therefore, this study confirmed that one of the most effective way to minimize bone loss would be higher intake of niacin and vitamin C rich foods and habitual physical activity may have a beneficial effect on BMD in premenopausal period.

• Proceedings of the KOSOMBE Conference
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• v.1997 no.11
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• pp.511-514
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• 1997

The objective of this study is to propose a finite element based design of the dental implant replacing unction and shape of natural teeth. For this, geometric actors were varied to investigate stress distribution of the alveolar bone around dental implant. In this study, the results were obtained based on the theory of linear elastic, with geometrically axisymmetric assumption. Geometric actors determining implant shape are ranged as 0.2mm-0.6mm, 0.04mm-0.1mm, 0.46mm-0.84mm or height of thread, radius of curvature of thread, and pitch, respectively. The stresses in the alveolar bone caused by biting force playa major role in determining implant stability. Especially, the stress concentration in the cortical bone causes bone resorption and finally makes the implant unstable. Therefore, the stress distributions were investigated on the side of the alveolar bone focusing on the area of cortical bone. The maximum von Mises stress was found to increase up to 6% as the height of thread increases, while its value was to decrease to 19% when the radius of curvature increase within the assigned ranges. For the variation of pitch, the larger size of pitch results in greater maximum von Mises stress when the length of the implant under consideration is fixed. The existence of the neck below the shoulder did not affect the stress distribution in the region of alveolar bone. However, the stresses on the side of the implant near the neck were found to be different by 20% approximately. Therefore, the neck can provide the stability of the implant against continuing biting movement. As a conclusion, the finite element based study shows a potential in designing the dental implant systematically.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.167-189
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• 2008

This study was conducted to investigate the factors which are related to Bone Mineral Density(BMD) of female for prevention of osteoporosis. We measured the BMD of lumbar spine(L2-L4) and femoral neck in 4802 female, using dual energy X-ray absorptionmetry(DEXA; DPX-alpha. Lunar, U.S.A.). and then analysed the 9 factors-age group, body mass index(BMI), amount of smoking, drinking, exercise, sleep, and fast blood sugar-which are related to BMD of female. The following results were obtained : 1. In age group, T-score was the highest at 36－42(六七) years group in lumbar spine(L2-L4) and at 15－21(三七) years group in femoral neck. and then it was decreased rapidly after 43－49(七七) years group in both lumbar spine(L2-L4) and femoral neck. Therefore we concluded that T-score of female in lumbar spine(L2-L4) and femoral neck change according to age group in $\ll$Hwangjaenaekyong Somun; 黃帝內經 素問$\gg$. 2. In BMI, T-score of lumbar spine(L2-L4) and femoral neck were increased according to BMI increase. 3. In amount of drinking and smoking, T-score was highest in heavy groups(women who have drunk soju more than 4 bottles for a week) in both lumbar spine(L2-L4) and femoral neck. But there t was no significant difference in comparison according to age group. 4. In exercise, T-score was higher in exercising group than non exercising group. And it appeared that women who have taken proper exercise had higher T-score than women who have taken exercise daily. 5. T-score was higher in women who ordinarily sleep well in both lumbar spine(L2-L4) and femoral neck than sleep badly. And there was significant difference in 43-56 years group. 6. T-score was low in the group that exceed 110mg/dl in fast blood sugar. Conclusions : The age group in $\ll$Hwangjaenaekyong Somun; 黃帝內經 素問$\gg$ is related to BMD of women. And risk factors-BMI, exercise, sleep, fast blood sugar, thyroid disease-are related to BMD of women. Therefore we expect that this study will help for prevention of osteoporosis of women, and further study will be achieved.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.418-437
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• 1995

The effect of the hydroxyapatite coatings on Titanium implants has been the subject of recent investigations. So far, the use of HA coating remains substantially controversial.This study was aimed to evaluate histologically the bone healing patterns around titanium plasm sprayed(TPS) amd HA-coated implant after implantation into the femur neck of ten adult dogs. After implantation, animals were sacrificed at the intervals of 2,4,6,8 and 12 weeks.The fluorescent dyes were injected on the postoperative 4th and 12th week into the animals supposed to be killed at the 12th week. The morphology and direction of new bone formation was similar in both TPS and HA-coated implants.There was a tendency toward more bone formation in the cortical bone area than in the cancellous bone area. Histologically,in the interface of the HA-coated implants, bone response and bone maturation was faster, compared to the TPS implants in the 2nd and 4th week. By fluorescent microscopy, new bone formation was active in the 4th week around both implants and was directed from the periosteum overlying cortical bone to the cancellous bone. These results suggest that the bone formation and maturation is faster during the early healing stage in the interface of the HA-coated implant and where the cortical bone quality is poor, HA coated implant is superior to the TPS implant in the early phase of new bone formation.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.49-51
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• 2004

A choristoma is a tumor like mass of normal tissue in an abnormal location. Lingual osseous choristoma, previously known as osteoma of the tongue base, is rare entity. That is defined as a normal bone mass occuring in the soft tissue of either the skin or the mucosa of oral cavity. The cause of osseous choristoma of the tongue is still unknown, but only several theories have been suggested. Because of the rarity of this entity, our purpose is to add our case to the literature, and to discuss the nature of the disease.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.36-38
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• 2009

Osteochondroma, known as osteocartilaginous exostosis, is most common benign bone tumor. The pyriform sinus are extremely rare involved, and there are a few cases reported. Most patients complain of foreign body sensation, and histologic diagnosis can confirm the disease. Treatment is by surgical excision. This should give complete resolution and there were rare recurrences with good prognosis. We experienced a osteochondroma of the priform sinus presenting as a submucosal mass. We report the case with a review of literatures.

• Korean Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery
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• v.60 no.3
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• pp.140-143
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• 2017

Hemangiomas are relatively common in the head and neck region, but their occurrence in the temporal bone are extremely rare. The hemangioma of the external auditory canal (EAC) is a rare otologic entity as only 22 cases of hemangioma of the EAC have been reported worldwide. Here we report a patient presenting with pulsatile tinnitus, which turned out to be caused by capillary hemangioma arising from the posterior medial portion of external auditory canal touching the tympanic membrane. Surgical excision of the tumor was successful. The clinical manifestations and management of benign vascular lesions of the EAC are discussed with a review of literature.

• Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.11-14
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• 2023

The primary treatment of oral cavity cancer is still surgery. By discussing the surgical treatment of oral cavity cancer, the basic concept of head and neck surgery could be thoroughly reviewed. The oral cavity is defined as the hard palate and the anterior 2/3 of the tongue. With appropriate reconstruction, most defects can be repaired without a significant change in quality of life, unlike in the oropharynx or hypopharynx, where aspiration problems frequently occur. The selection of a surgical approach that can provide an appropriate field of view to obtain a resection margin of 5 mm or more has become the core of head and neck surgery. The role of prophylactic neck dissection is also well established in oral cavity cancer patients. Mandibulotomy for access to the oral cavity or mandibulectomy due to cancer invasion requires bony surgical techniques, and reconstruction also requires bone tissue reconstruction techniques as well as soft tissue. Therefore, oral cancer surgery is the most important primary area where all techniques of head and neck surgery are mobilized.

• Hip & pelvis
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.47-53
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• 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to compare the radiological results of fixation using the femoral neck system (FNS) and cannulated screw (CS) for treatment of femoral neck fractures. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study of patients with femoral neck fractures who underwent internal fixation and had follow-up of more than six months from 2010 to 2020 was conducted. A total of 87 patients were enrolled in the study. The FNS group included 20 patients and the CS group included 67 patients. Classification of fractures was performed according to Garden and Pauwels classification. Operation time, intraoperative blood loss, sliding distance of the implant, lateral soft tissue irritation caused by implants, and complications were evaluated. Results: The mean operation time was 40.30 minutes in the FNS group and 46.84 minutes in the CS group. The mean intraoperative bleeding volume was 51.25 mL in the FNS group and 72.16 mL in the CS group. Bone union was achieved in 18 patients in the FNS group (90.0%) and in 61 patients in the CS group (91.0%). The mean sliding distance of the implant was 4.06 mm in the FNS group and 3.92 mm in the CS group. No patients in the FNS group and 12 patients in the CS group complained of soft tissue irritation. Conclusion: A shorter operative time, less intraoperative bleeding, and less irritation of soft tissue were observed in the FNS group. FNS could be an alternative to CS for fixation of femoral neck fractures.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.248-253
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• 2015

Background: Scapular notching can happen at diverse location depending on implant design or operative technique, therefore, it is easily misdiagnosed. Thus, this study purposed to suggest a method helpful to assess scapular notching. Methods: The subjects were 73 cases of reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) for cuff tear arthropathy during the period from May 2009 to April 2014 and followed-up for over a year. There was medialized RSA in 22 cases, bone increased offset RSA (BIO-RSA) in 36 cases, and metal increased offset RSA (metal-RSA) in 15 cases. Scapular notching was not determined by bone defect at the inferior of glenosphere as Sirveaux's classification, but scapular notching at the site where the rotational route of the polyethylene of humeral implant met the scapular neck were examined. The results were compared with conventional method. Results: By conventional method, scapular notching was observed in 10 cases (45.5%) in medialized RSA, 12 cases (33.3%) in BIO-RSA, and none in metal-RSA. By new method, it was observed in 9 cases (40.9%) in medialized RSA, 10 cases (27.8%) in BIO-RSA, and none of metal-RSA. The site of scapular notching was apart from glenoshpere in 18 cases, and at inferior of glenosphere in 1 case. Absorption of bone graft was observed in 4 (11.1%) out of 36 cases of BIO-RSA. Conclusions: It is hard to distinguish scapular notching from absorption of bone graft in BIO-RSA, and bone absorption at the lateral lower end of glenoid in medialized RSA. Thus, it is considered useful to assess scapular notching at the site where the rotational route of the polyethylene insert meets scapular neck.