• 한국컴퓨터산업학회논문지
• /
• 제2권4호
• /
• pp.565-572
• /
• 2001

최근 고체 레이저 출력측에 비선형 광학재료를 설치하여 적외선에서 자외선에 이르기까지 넓은 대역의 파장을 가진 레이저광이 요구된다. 비선형 광학소자는 고조파발생기와 파라메터 발생기와 같은 레이저원을 이용한 주파수 전 영역까지 확장 할 수가 있다. 주파수 변환은 고전력 레이저를 이용한 확장기술에 많이 이용하고있다. 새로운 각 주파수 대역에서 광학 매개체의 비선형 광학의 응답 등을 이용할 수가 있다. 이러한 과정들은 자외선영역에서 적외선까지 고전력 방사발생을 이용할 수가 있다. 광학 파라메터발생기와 증폭기는 저주파수에서 2가지 파장 등을 발생한다. 싱글 주파수원으로부터 발생하여 몇몇의 경우에는 가시광선 영역에서 거의 자외선 영역까지 이용할 수가 있다. 결과적으로 녹색광을 얻기 위해서, 펄스형Nd:YAG 레이저는 다단펄스 포밍회로를 이용하였고 비선형광학(KTP)소자를 채택하여 적용하였다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 펄스 중첩법을 이용하여 기본파로서 직접 설계 제작 후 SHG 장치를 장착하여 녹색광을 얻고 각 중첩 메쉬에 같은 에너지를 인가했을 때의 레이저 출력과 녹색광 출력간의 상관관계와 메쉬 수에 따른 변환효율을 조사하였다.

• 대한용접접합학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한용접접합학회 2002년도 Proceedings of the International Welding/Joining Conference-Korea
• /
• pp.162-168
• /
• 2002

Hybrid Welding means the coupling of the energy of two different energy sources in a common process zone. This paper describes prospects in laser-arc-hybrid-welding. Different kinds of lasers ($CO_2$ laser and Nd:YAG laser) and arc processes (TIG, Plasma and GMA) are considered.

• 한국가시화정보학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국가시화정보학회 2004년도 추계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.108-111
• /
• 2004

Laser induced incandescence and laser induced fluorescence techniques have been investigated to measure the concentrations of soot and PAH, respectively. The Nd:YAG and dye lasers were used to form a sheet beam, and its wavelength were modulated to obtain a optimized signals of soot and PAH. Results showed that the relative size groups of soot and PAH can be measured by using our laser techniques.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
• /
• 제30권6호
• /
• pp.540-545
• /
• 2008

Since mid 20th century, dental treatments with laser have been introduced and improved a lot. Because early $CO_2$, Nd:YAG, diode, argon, and holmium lasers are used for dealing soft tissue, so it applied just limited field. But, in 1997 the lasers of erbium family that able to dealing soft and hard tissue also were introduced, laser application fields are enlarged. In today, the application fields reach on implantation treatment, so clinicians can use the laser to make holes for implantation, and flap elevation, even though treating peri-implantitis. So our class want to discover the optimal setting of Er:YAG laser when treating peri-implantitis. We observed the surface that initially treated by RBM and TPS passion and laser with varied options of exposure time and power with SEM image. For this we conclude the optimal setting range that does not alter the implant surface structure and report it.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
• /
• 제13권1호
• /
• pp.65-74
• /
• 2009

Device quality indium tin oxide (ITO) films are deposited on glass substrates and ultra-thin diamond-like carbon films are deposited as a buffer layer on ITO by a pulsed Nd:YAG laser at 355 nm and 532 nm wavelength. ITO films deposited at room temperature are largely amorphous although their optical transmittances in the visible range are > 90%. The resistivity of their amorphous ITO films is too high to enable an efficient organic light-emitting device (OLED), in contrast to that deposited by a KrF laser. Substrate heating at $200^{\circ}C$ with laser wavelength of 355 nm, the ITO film resistivity decreases by almost an order of magnitude to $2{\times}10^{-4}\;{\Omega}\;cm$ while its optical transmittance is maintained at > 90%. The thermally induced crystallization of ITO has a preferred <111> directional orientation texture which largely accounts for the lowering of film resistivity. The background gas and deposition distance, that between the ITO target and the glass substrate, influence the thin-film microstructures. The optical and electrical properties are compared to published results using other nanosecond lasers and other fluence, as well as the use of ultra fast lasers. Molecularly doped, single-layer OLEDs of ITO/(PVK+TPD+$Alq_3$)/Al which are fabricated using pulsed-laser deposited ITO samples are compared to those fabricated using the commercial ITO. Effects such as surface texture and roughness of ITO and the insertion of DLC as a buffer layer into ITO/DLC/(PVK+TPD+$Alq_3$)/Al devices are investigated. The effects of DLC-on-ITO on OLED improvement such as better turn-on voltage and brightness are explained by a possible reduction of energy barrier to the hole injection from ITO into the light-emitting layer.

• 대한의생명과학회지
• /
• 제14권3호
• /
• pp.173-178
• /
• 2008

With the widespread use of laser in medical and industrial settings, the incidence of laser injury to the ocular continues to grow among workers involved in handling lasers. The aim of this study is to compare ocular damages after irradiation with various laser wavelengths and power density. Ocular of pigmented rats was irradiated with $CO_2$ laser, 1064 nm Nd:YAG laser, and 532 nm diode laser. We observed damage of cornea, lens, and retina using slit lamp microscope and funduscopy. H&E staining of histopathology were applied to study the specimens. The higher exposure ($200mW/cm^2$, 10 sec) with $CO_2$ laser resulted in severe damage at the cornea. For the 1064 nm Nd:YAG laser, the higher exposure than $10mW/cm^2$ (10 sec) resulted in damage at the cornea and lens. Further, with the 532 nm diode laser, retinal lesions were induced when $10mW/cm^2$ (0.25 sec) was delivered to the eye. Theses results suggest that the ocular damages are different from various laser wavelength and power density.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
• /
• 제25권3호
• /
• pp.18-27
• /
• 2007

Laser welding process is widely used in the industrial field due to its numerous advantages: a small heat affected zone(HAZ), deep penetration, high welding speed, ease of automation, single-pass thick section capability, enhanced design flexibility, and small distortion after welding. The objective of this research works is to investigate the influence of the process parameters, such as the welding fur metals with CW Nd:YAG lasers. The bead-on-plate and Lap welding experiments are carried out for several combinations of the experimental conditions. In order to quantitatively examine the characteristics of the welding quality of the cross section, tensile stress behavior and the hardness of the welded part are investigated in comparison of the Nickel coated and Nickel uncoated S45C steel. As a result of experiment, nickel coated S45C Steel showed more even weld zone than Nickel uncoated counterpart upon lap welding. Also, it showed relatively small amount of internal defects and spatter, and Nickel coated S45C showed better weldability than Nickel uncoated S45C steel. The optimum welding process upon lap welding of Nickel coated S45C steel is when each laser power is 1900W; focal positions is -1mm; welding speed is $0.9{\sim}1.0m/min$. The heat input was $4.178{\sim}4.36{\times}103J/cm^2$.

• Medical Lasers
• /
• 제9권2호
• /
• pp.159-165
• /
• 2020

Background and Objectives The ultimate goal in current skin rejuvenation practice is to achieve a good result with minimal pain and downtime. Nonablative skin rejuvenation (NSR) is one technique. The efficacy of the long-pulsed 1064 nm Nd:YAG laser (LPNDY) has not been assessed in NSR. Materials and Methods Three target areas were selected (bilateral cheeks and glabellar region) in six volunteer subjects. A LPNDY with an integral skin temperature monitor delivered three stacked shots to each target area (1064 nm, 12 mm spot, 13 J/cm², 1 Hz) without any skin cooling or anesthesia. The skin temperature was recorded before, during, and after each set of shots using the system monitor and in real-time using a high-sensitivity (±0.001℃) near-infrared video camera. The skin reaction was observed with the naked eye, and pain and discomfort were assessed by the subjects during and after treatment. Results The subjects reported a mild feeling of heat with no discomfort during or after the test treatments. Mild erythema was observed around the treatment areas, without noticeable edema. A series of three ascending skin temperature stepwise peaks, with a decrease in skin temperature towards the baseline after the third shot, was observed consistently. The mean temperatures for shots 1, 2, and 3 for the cheeks were 39.5℃, 42.0℃, and 44.4℃, respectively, and for the glabella, 40.8℃, 43.9℃, and 46.2℃, respectively. Similar ranges were indicated on the system integral temperature monitor. Conclusion A set of three stacked pulses with the LPNDY at a low fluence achieved ideal dermal temperatures to achieve some dermal remodeling but without any downtime or adverse events. The temperature data from the integral thermal sensor matched the video camera measurements with practical accuracy for skin rejuvenation requirements. These data suggest that LPNDY would satisfy the necessary criteria to achieve effective NSR, but further studies will be needed to assess the actual results in clinical practice.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
• /
• 제27권6호
• /
• pp.74-79
• /
• 2009

Titanium and titanium alloy can be reproduced immediately even if oxide films($TiO_2$) break apart in sea water. Therefore, since titanium demonstrates large specific strength and outstanding resistance to stress corrosion cracking, crevice corrosion, pitting and microbiologically influenced corrosion in sea water environment, it has been widely applied to heat exchanger for ships. In particular, with excellent elongation, pure titanium may be deemed as optimal material for production of heat exchanger plate which is used with wrinkles formed for efficient heat exchange. Conventional plate type heat exchanger prevented leakage of liquid through insertion of gasket between plates and mechanical tightening by bolts and nuts, but in high temperature and high pressure environment, gasket deterioration and leakage occur, so heat exchanger for LPG re-liquefaction device etc do not use gasket but weld heat exchanger plate for use. On the other hand, since welded plate cannot be separated, it is important to obtain high quality reliable welds. In addition, for better workability and production performance, lasers that can obtain weldment with large aspect ratio and demonstrate fast welding speed even in atmospheric condition not in vacuum condition are used in producing products. So far, 1st report and 2nd report compared and analyzed embrittlement degrees by bead colors of weldment through quantitative analysis of oxygen and nitrogen and measurement of hardness as fundamental experiment for the evaluation of titanium laser welding, and evaluated the welding performance and mechanical properties of butt welding. This study welded specimens in various conditions by using laser and GTA welding machine to apply edge welding to heat exchanger, and evaluated the mechanical strength through tensile stress test. As a result of tensile test, laser weldment demonstrated tensile strength 4 times higher than GTA welds, and porosity could be controlled by increasing and decreasing slope of laser power at overlap area.

• Medical Lasers
• /
• 제10권1호
• /
• pp.31-36
• /
• 2021

Background and Objectives Several predicted optimal parameters for laser treatment have been suggested, making the settings subject to variation. Thus, picosecond lasers may require more data and studies to optimize the laser parameters, increase the efficacy of each session, and minimize the total number of sessions. This study evaluated the results of picosecond laser tattoo removal in variable locations, focusing on the aesthetic outcome, number of procedures, and adverse effects. Materials and Methods Nine patients who underwent picosecond laser treatment from February 2014 to July 2020 were enrolled. Before the procedures, the required number of sessions was estimated using the Kirby-Desai scale. At the end of the treatment, the patients assessed their satisfaction. The patient and two plastic surgeons assessed the clearance of the tattoo. Results The mean of the clearance was 86.6% in both the patient and investigators assessment. The patients reported satisfaction for an average score of 5.1 ± 0.78 for the aesthetic outcome, 4.5 ± 0.78 for pain, 4.1 ± 0.92 for the number of procedures, and 4.7 ± 0.97 for adverse effects. The average number of actual procedures was 6.7 ± 1.20. The average Kirby-Desai score was 7.1 ± 1.45. Their correlation coefficient was 0.803, which is considered a strong positive correlation. Conclusion Picosecond lasers have a remarkable ability to degrade smaller tattoo pigments through a photoacoustic effect. Moreover, a picosecond laser treatment for tattoo removal can be a safe and effective method. Picosecond lasers are a promising technology with the potential to optimize the treatment of tattoos.