• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of IIIuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers Conference
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• 2009.10a
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• pp.3-6
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• 2009

This research is an experiment to examine on the realization of Natural Color using R, G, B LEDs and this experiment was performed to cover two different stages. 1) When Natural Color using R, G, B LEDs was realized without correction in first stage, all color(R, G, B, C, M, Y) series had highly range of error from 0.0200 to 0.1500. 2) When R, G, B of LEDs was mixed at the ratio of 1:4.5907:0.0601 for realization of white in second stage, white was not realized to excitation purity. The second stage was Performed based on the three primary colors theory found out by Thomas Young in England and Hermann Ludwig Ferdinand von Helmholtz in Germany.

• Journal of Korea Foresty Energy
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.43-48
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• 2003

Black liquor staining for the development of natural color of bleached Hanji caused problems of discoloration and degradation. This study was carried out not only to complement these problems but also to develop natural dyeing method that was similar to the color of unbleached Hanji, through the dyeing of rice straw extractives. The dyeing properties of Hanji were influenced more by dyestuffs extraction method than extraction and dyeing time. Dyeing ability of hot water extractives was superior to cold-water extractives. Without the relation to the time of extraction and dyeing, the color of Hanji dyeing hot water extractives were similar to the control, and the color of Hanji dyed for 45 min with hot water extractives that extracted for 120 min, were almost same as the control. As natural dyestuffs, hot water extractives of rice straw showed that excellent dyeing ability for the development of various natural colors similar to unbleached Hanjis.

• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.240-243
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• 2006

The significant color enhancement in low quality Australian natural sapphire has been achieved by a hydrothermal method. The optimal conditions for the color enhancement of Australian natural sapphire were as follows; hydrothermal reaction temperature: $320{\sim}350^{\circ}C$, duration : 3 days, hydrothermal solvent: 2 M NaOH solution. After the hydrothermal treatment, Australian natural sapphires of transparent colors were obtained, and their grades were found to be improved from commercial to middle/top grade by value chart analysis.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.749-759
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• 2007

As the traditional style is treated as one of the important themes in fashion recently, how to apply the formative character in Korean and Japanese traditional dress to modern fashion is searched through actual analysis of photograph material, Both design formative elements were confirmed by clothing and fashion department majors through visual data so that 20 pieces of them were selected as final analysis object. Korean traditional dress form in modern fashion emphasizes curvaceousness as plane division. On the other hand, that of Japanese shows straight line, layered, belt, big look through up & down connection style. Color in Korean traditional dress prefers white and original color and modern fashion displays the natural beauty through harmony of similar colors ; that of Japanese based on natural color such as persimmon color cherishes natural beauty and implicit moderation showing harmony of various original color with brilliance and neutral color. While texture in Korean traditional dress was fine and exquisite, that of Japanese preferred coarse and tactile ones. In motif, Korea was natural and geometric but Japanese variously used complex and geometric ones. Likewise, the result suggests that the formative character in Korean and Japanese modern fashion affects the modern dress format as new aesthetic sense and takes on more complicated and subtle aspect in basic form, not just use so far.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.391-400
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• 2002

This study was intended to research the dyeing with natural walnut hull extracts over cotton, flax, rayon, wool, nylon and silk. We studied the dyeing conditions and mordant effect, and observed dyeability. The result are as follows: 1. In the dyeability with natural walnut hull extracts, protein and polyamide fiber has more dye uptake rather than cellulose fiber. 2. The optimum condition in the dyeing with natural walnut hull extracts was at $90^{\circ}C$, 12%(o.w.b) concentration in 90 mins. 3. In the case of the dyeability by repeated dyeing number, the dyeability of good dyeability fiber is improved in the first or second dyeing, but that of bad dyebality fiber is improved when it is dyed more repeatedly. 4. In the dyeablity treated with mordants, Al, Sn, and Mg don't have any differences, but Cu and Fe have some difference. The color of Fe mordant is green and the color of Cu mordant is blue. 5. In the case of the color fastness with mordant treatment, nylon is better than silk and wool in color fastness to washing but silk is better than nylon and wool in color fastness to light.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.202-209
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• 2015

Many of the natural dyes used for natural dyeing are difficult to maintain colorfastness due to their complex structure and specific properties. Therefore, there is a need for developing of color sustainable ability for use as an advanced coloring agent for fabrics, which would eco benign or not. In this study, the natural dye extracted from the waste of grape fruits was used to dye cotton fabric. Thus, the present study aims at extraction of color from grape seeds, skin, and stem through fermentation and then employing the same in dyeing and mordanting of cotton. Dyeing experiments were done under different conditions of fermentation and protein type mordants which were treated before and after dyeing. Experimental fabrics were used with cotton after scouring. Color value of dyed fabrics and color fastness of cotton dyed fabrics to washing and light were measured. The fastness of dyed experimental fabrics was increased by mordanting of protein fermentation and the color of dyed cotton was light red purple. The color of dyed fabric found with the optimum mordant treatment when treated with pre milk-mordant at $40^{\circ}C$ for 30min and 3% grape seed extract. On the whole, reddish tone very slightly increased with the milk pre-mordant. The color fastness of dyed cotton fabrics to light and washing was increased after fermentation.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Dyers and Finishers Conference
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• 2012.03a
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• pp.121-121
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• 2012

To evaluate the Hwangsu spring as natural mordants effect on dyeing. The natural mordant effect of Hwangsu spring was analyzed by pH, temperature, trace elements and organic matter. Hwangsu spring having pH 2.42 and $14.4^{\circ}C$ was harvested at the end of September, 2011, in Yeongcheon(Gyeongbuk Province, Korea) and left on a $0^{\circ}C$ and $25^{\circ}C$ before use. The Result of ICP analysis, it contain bned Fe(414.9 ppm), Al(88.9 ppm), Mn(4.9 ppm). Dyeing and post-mordant procedure; Fabrics(cotton, silk, rayon) were dyed with natural colorants(Sopbora Japonica L., Caesalpinia sappan L., Allium cepa L.) for 20 min at $80^{\circ}C$. Hwangsu spring, aluminium sulfate $14-18H_2O(Al_2(SO_4)_3{\cdot}14-18H_2O)$, iron sulfate peptahydrate($FeSO_4{\cdot}7H_2O$), copper sulfate pentahydrate($CuSO_4{\cdot}5H_2O$) were used by post mordants. But in the case of Caesalpinia sappan L. was dyed after pre-mordanting with Al(II). The fabrics were dyed with each mordant solutions at $25^{\circ}C$ for 10min. The colorless also was measured by color-differnce meter. Comparison with a synthetic mordants, the K/S values of cotton fabrics dyed with Hwangsu sping were increased.

• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.408-415
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• 2013

In order to evaluate a feasibility of industrial art use of veneer such as cylindrical laminated veneer lumber, the veneers of 4 species of Korean pine, radiata pine, yellow poplar and Japanese cypress were natural dye-colored and clear finished. Natural dyes were red color originated from sappanwood, blue color from polygonum indigo, and yellow color from Amur cork tree and gardenia. the clear coats of crack seal clear and UV protection oil were applied on the dyed veneer. The dyeing and finishing characteristics through fading test were summarized as follows; In non-dyed and non-finished Korean pine veneer, lightness was decreased and yellow and red hues increased after fading test. In natural dyed- and finished-veneer, color difference of gardenia-mixed Amur cork tree was generally highest, and that of polygonum indigo was lowest. Compared to non-treatment of veneers of Korean pine and yellow poplar, color difference decreasing effect by finishing was shown in crack seal clear and UV protection oil. In addition, UV protection oil was more favorable than crack seal clear with more decreased color difference. In result, maximum values of color difference after fading for 8 days were recorded about 16 to 20, which are remarked 'very much' of 12.1 or more when reviewing with 'National bureau of standards unit in USA'.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.1233-1243
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• 2015

The contrast enhancement is great challenge in the image processing when images are suffering from poor contrast problem. Therefore, in order to overcome this problem an automatic method is proposed for contrast enhancement of natural color images. The proposed method consist of two stages: in first stage lightness component in YIQ color space is normalized by sigmoid function after the adaptive histogram equalization is applied on Y component and in second stage automatic color contrast enhancement algorithm is applied on output of the first stage. The proposed algorithm is tested on different NASA color images, hyperspectral color images and other types of natural color images. The performance of proposed algorithm is evaluated and compared with the other existing contrast enhancement algorithms in terms of colorfulness metric and color enhancement factor. The higher values of colorfulness metric and color enhancement factor imply that the visual quality of the enhanced image is good. Simulation results demonstrate that proposed algorithm provides higher values of colorfulness metric and color enhancement factor as compared to other existing contrast enhancement algorithms. The proposed algorithm also provides better visual enhancement results as compared with the other existing contrast enhancement algorithms.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.45-61
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• 2015

In order to analysis on color difference of natural dyes, I have dyed Hanji, cotton, silk fabric and exposed them to carbon arc light. The results of experiment have been analysed by wavelength of maximum absorption, amounts of dye uptake, color difference, Hunter's value and Munsell's value. Gardenia Jasminoides is monogenetic dye, but it gained darker color by pre-mordanting method used Al mordant agent and greenish yellow color by Fe mordant agent. whereas Curcuma, an Amur cork, and bud of pagoda tree are shown as greenish yellow color, and A barberry root, Betel nut, and Rhubarb are shown as reddish yellow color. these gained khaki colored dyed fabric by Fe mordanting. In addition, Sappan wood showed great result in pre-mordanting. Especially, it gained dark red color by Al pre-mordanting. The pink color was shown by post-mordanting. and Logwood showed great dyeing result in Hanji and cotton better than silk. Specially pre-mordanting was effective. Hanji and cotton showed greenish blue color by Al pre-mordanting, and silk showed brown color.