• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.1338-1348
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• 2019

The Geomunoreum Lava Tube System, declared as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, has a unique natural ecosystem. The information available about this ecosystem, which contains lava caves with secondary carbonate speleothems, is sparse. Hence, extensive research is warranted for establishing a conservation standard. We commenced microbial research on the system and have been studying the microorganisms coating the lava tube wall to acquire fundamental information for understanding the lava cave ecology of Jeju Island. Samples were collected from yellow-colored walls in six caves that are part of the system-the Bengdwi, Utsanjeon, Bukoreum, Manjang, Gimnyeong, and Yongcheon caves. This study focused on yellow walls as it is the most easily distinguished color. According to previous studies, the color of cave walls is attributed to microorganisms or their components. To determine whether the yellow mats from the Jeju lava tube walls are caused by microorganisms, we examined samples at the microscopic scale, by staining mats and analyzing bacterial isolates from glitter particles. As a result, we found that the yellow walls of lava tubes are comprised of microbial mats.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.33-42
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• 1972

This study was designed to investigate the nutritional value of fermented soybean bran as animal feed. Natural soybean bran has low protein quality and high cellulase contents. The soybean bran was supplemented by urea and ammoniumsulfate as N-source for incubation of Aspergillus niger. After incubation of soybean bran with Aspergillus niger, the nutritional quality of protein and riboflavin contents were increased in general and more in aging process than in fermentation. In order to elucidate the biological efficiency of prepared soybean bran, 120 male weanling rats were divided into 22 groups, five rats each, and were fed by standard casein diet mixed with soybean bran in the proportion of 1/10, 1/15, 1/20 respectively. The animals were kept under the experimental diet for nine weeks. In the result of this study, food efficiency ratio showed higher in the groups of urea and ammonium-sulfate-add group than row soybean bran group but the former group is lower than the later in the body weight gains. Protein efficiency ratio was also same trend. It was noteworthy that the nitrogen retention rate in total body on the basis of urinary nitrogen excretion and dietary intake nitrogen and in big organ such as liver and spleen were higher in fermented group than raw soybean bran fed group. It was worth while to treat the soybean bran in first place fermentation and further aging process to elevate the biological efficiency and effect of nutritional values specifically of protein and of riboflavin.

• 한국정보처리학회논문지
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• 제5권10호
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• pp.2725-2736
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• 1998

본 논문은 WRLS-VFF-VT 알고리듬을 이용한 새로운 피치 검색 방법론을 제안하도록 한다. 제안된 알고리듬에서는 VFF(가변 망각 인자)를 사용하여 유성음에서의 주 여기 펄스 시점과 관련된 성문 폐쇄 점을 확인한다. 또한 본 논문은 VFF 기반 알고리듬과 함께 기존의 EGG 와 LP-Error 방법을 이용한 피치 검색 알고리듬에서 가변 한계 값을 이용 수정된 알고리듬을 제안한다. 제안된 알고리듬들은 주기와 주기 근간에서 강인한 피치 측정 능력과 준 주기 및 비 주기성 음성 신호에서도 우수한 피치 검색 기능을 가지고 있음을 알 수 있다. 제안된 알고리듬의 우수성을 입증하기 위해 실제 사람의 자연스러운 음성 및 사람의 비정상 상태 음성에서 준 주기 및 비 주기성 음성 진동 패턴을 확인하고 검출하는 성능 측정을 통하여 표준 SIFT 알고리듬과 비교 평가하였다.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.37-44
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• 2003

The aim of this study was to analyze the thermal performance through Test-Cell of TI-wall in domestic climate. This study was carried out as follows: 1) The TI-wall was studied for ability to reduce heat loss through the building envelope and analyzed to TIM properties. 2) Test models of TI-wall were designed through the investigation of previous paper and work, measured for winter and spring, and the thermal effects were analyzed. The type of the TIM used in test model is small-celled(diameter 4mm and thickness 50mm) capillary and cement brick(density $1500kg/m^3$) was used by thermal mass. 3) Test-cell of TI-wall was calibrated from measured data and the dynamic simulation program ESP-r 9.0. In these simulations, the measured climate conditions of TaeJon were used as outdoor conditions, and the simulation model of Test-cell was developed. 4) The sensitivity analysis is executed in various aspects with standard weather files and ESP-r 9.0, and then most suitable system of TI-wall are predicted. Finally, The suitable system of TI-wall was analysed according to sizes of air gap, kinds, thickness, and the surface absorption of therm wall. The result is following. In TI-wall, Concrete is better than cement brick, at that time the surface absorption is 95%, and the most efficient thickness is 250mm. As smaller of a air gap, as reducer of convection heat loss, it is efficient for heating energy. However, ensuring of a air gap at least more than 50mm is desirable for natural ventilation in Summer.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2006년도 Proceedings of ISRS 2006 PORSEC Volume I
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• pp.426-429
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• 2006

Flood caused by Typhoon and severe rain during summer is the most destructive natural disasters in Korea. Almost every year flood has resulted in a big lost of national infrastructure and loss of civilian lives. It usually takes time and great efforts to estimate the flood-related damages. Government also has pursued proper standard and tool for using state-of-art technologies. High resolution satellite imagery is one of the most promising sources of ground truth information since it provides detailed and current ground information such as building, road, and bare ground. Once high resolution imagery is utilized, it can greatly reduce the amount of field work and cost for flood related damage assessment. The classification of high resolution image is pre-required step to be utilized for the damage assessment. The classified image combined with additional data such as DEM and DSM can help to estimate the flooded areas per each classified land use. This paper applied object-oriented classification scheme to interpret an image not based in a single pixel but in meaningful image objects and their mutual relations. When comparing it with other classification algorithms, object-oriented classification was very effective and accurate. In this paper, IKONOS image is used, but similar level of high resolution Korean KOMPSAT series can be investigated once they are available.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제54권1호
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• pp.43-48
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• 2017

In recent years, the demand for ships and offshore platforms that can navigate and operate through the Arctic Ocean has been rapidly increasing due to global warming and large reservoirs of oil and natural gas in the area. Winterization design is one of the key issues to consider in the robust structural safety design and building of ships that operate in the Arctic and Sub-Arctic regions. However, international regulations for winterization design in Arctic condition regulated that only those ships and offshore platforms with a Polar Class designation and/or an alternative standard. In order to cope with the rising demand for operating in the Arctic region, existing and new Arctic vessels with a Polar Class designation are lacking to cover for adequate winterization design with HSE philosophy. Existing ships and offshore platform was not designed based on reliable data based on numerical and experiment studies. There are only designed as a performance and functional purposes. It is very important to obtain of reliable data and provide of design guidance of the anti-icing structures by taking the effects of low temperature into consideration. Therefore, the main objective of this paper reconsiders anti-icing design of aluminum helideck using the heating cable. To evaluate of reliable data and recommend of anti-icing design method, various types of analysis and methods can be applied in general. In the present study, finite element method carried out the thermal analysis with cold chamber testing for performance and capacity of heating cables.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.98-107
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• 2016

This study examined the effects of environmental conditions and the presence of refractory organic matter on oxidation rates of total organic carbon (TOC) measurements based on high temperature combustion and ultraviolet-sulfate methods. Spectroscopic indices for prediction of oxidation rates were also explored using the UV spectra and fluorescence excitation-emission matrix (EEM) of humic acids. Furthermore, optimum TOC instrument conditions were suggested by comparing oxidation rates of a standard TOC material under various conditions. Environmental conditions included salts, reduced ions, and suspended solids. Salts had the greatest influence on oxidation rates in the UV-sulfate method. However, no effect was detected in the high temperature combustion method. The UV-sulfate method showed lower humic substance oxidation rates, refractory natural organic matter, compared to the other methods. TOC oxidation rates for the UV-sulfate method were negatively correlated with higher specific-UV absorbance, humification index, and humic-like EEM peak intensities, suggesting that these spectroscopic indices could be used to predict TOC oxidation rates. TOC signals from instruments using the UV-sulfate method increased with increasing chamber temperature and increasing UV exposure durations. Signals were more sensitive to the former condition, suggesting that chamber temperature is important for improving the TOC oxidation rates of refractory organic matter.

• 한국정보시스템학회지:정보시스템연구
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.237-251
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• 2020

Purpose The research was studied the hierarchical Hangul emotion index by organizing all the emotions which SNS users are thinking. As a preliminary study by the researcher, the English-based Plutchick (1980)'s emotional standard was reinterpreted in Korean, and a hashtag with implicit meaning on SNS was studied. To build a multidimensional emotion dictionary and classify three-dimensional emotions, an emotion seed was selected for the composition of seven emotion sets, and an emotion word dictionary was constructed by collecting SNS hashtags derived from each emotion seed. We also want to explore the priority of each Hangul emotion index. Design/methodology/approach In the process of transforming the matrix through the vector process of words constituting the sentence, weights were extracted using TF-IDF (Term Frequency Inverse Document Frequency), and the dimension reduction technique of the matrix in the emotion set was NMF (Nonnegative Matrix Factorization) algorithm. The emotional dimension was solved by using the characteristic value of the emotional word. The cosine distance algorithm was used to measure the distance between vectors by measuring the similarity of emotion words in the emotion set. Findings Customer needs analysis is a force to read changes in emotions, and Korean emotion word research is the customer's needs. In addition, the ranking of the emotion words within the emotion set will be a special criterion for reading the depth of the emotion. The sentiment index study of this research believes that by providing companies with effective information for emotional marketing, new business opportunities will be expanded and valued. In addition, if the emotion dictionary is eventually connected to the emotional DNA of the product, it will be possible to define the "emotional DNA", which is a set of emotions that the product should have.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.352-367
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• 2007

Viktor and Rolf, despite their short career in the field, has been continuously giving a fresh impact on fashion design by grafting a surrealistic approach to their design works. As a basis of this study, we review the features of surrealistic drawing and the surrealistic features expressed in surrealistic clothes. The purpose of this study is to analyze the surrealistic features detected in the clothes designed by Viktor and Rolf on the basis of the above standard and review and predict the future trend in fashion. As for the research method, we review the previous researches and analyze the drawing works by some representative surrealistic artists, in particular, Schiaparelli's clothes in the 1930s, the clothes of surrealistic trend since 2000, and Viktor & Rolf's clothes. The result of the analysis is as follows. The surrealistic features of Viktor & Rolf clothes can be found in the movement of natural objects, the movement of everyday materials, the movement of clothing items, and visual illusion on clothes. As a whole, the surrealistic features clearly stood out in their clothes. High technology will rapidly change the modern society and we humans are likely to resort to something fresh or different as our emotion and feelings are getting tired and weary. Something that stimulates our feeling and emotion hidden behind our reason or logic will be reflected in design far more than something complex and functional. For this reason, as it reveals human imagination inherently, surrealism is expected to establish itself as a mega trend in the future.

• 인문언어
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• 제8집
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• pp.331-367
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• 2006

In this paper I attempted to investigate the matters related with the clarification of the close relationship between writing system and pronunciation. On the way of pursuing the research on the subject I found the fact that the same topic has been the main academic target in Korea. There have been some remarks about English alphabets and pronunciation. Nevertheless, the relation between alphabet codes and pronunciation tokens wasn't considered as the main key to master the English pronunciation correctly and completely. As the main target of this paper I argue that it is necessary to comprehend the connection. Then, we can recognize the significant role of alphabetic structure for understanding the gist of pronunciation exercise. This paper is classified into four parts. Each part consists of the material to affirm the fact that writing system should be the inevitable equivalent of sound system, and vice versa. In the first section I show that the development of the way of pronouncing English words is closely related with the endeavors of the scholars. While performing the survey of the studies about the alphabetic structure of the age many scholars found that the spelling construction was recorded without any common denominator. Thus, they not only sought to stage the bedrock for the standard written form of words but also to associate the alphabet letters with phonetic features. Secondly I mention the negative aspect of the 'only spelling based English pronunciation education' for the educational goal of 'Phonics methodology.' In this part I suggest the essentiality of phonemic properties with the phonetic prospect: phonemic awareness. Thirdly I refer to the standardization of the spelling system of English. As the realm of application of the language is extended toward the various professional areas such as commercial, scientific, and cultural spheres, it is quite natural to assume that the usage of the language will be transformed according to the areas in the world. Fourthly I introduce the first English-Korean grammar book with the section of 'the introduction to English pronunciation.' At the chapter the author explained the sound features of English based on the regulation of 'Scientific Alphabet' of U.S.A. In the transcribing system all the symbols were postulated on the basis of the English alphabet form instead of the separate phonetic signs of IPA.