• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.36-58
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• 1999

We designed the model picture of Tourism Botanical Garden, as a kind of theme park, in which we could enjoy flowers all the year round and the glorious tints of its autumn foliage. It would be very important to decide what kinds of trees should be planted and where to plant them. We selected the appropriate flowers and trees according to their value of appreciation and flowering time and the grand view around there and the weather conditions of the central region. We selected perennial plants as native plants, according to their color, flowering time and for the convenience of maintenance. And we selected some kinds of culture plants to show the seasonal change and diversity, according to their color and flowering time. We adopted the roof-tile pattern of Pakjae Kingdom to design the basic model of the garden, and the area was divided into eight sections. Six of them were divided again into four small planting areas from the outside respectively, according to the kinds of trees; pine-tree area, native flowering plant area, flowering tree area and flowering shrub area. The last two sections are by a lake, so they could make a beautiful landscape of waterfront. For the effective and economic operation of the garden, some kinds of flower trees and shrubs, which are little damaged by blight and are needless to prune, were selected. And perennial plants were also selected, because we don't have to change them into other plants, so we could cut down the expenses. As for the culture plants, they could be easily replaced with other culture plants in the flowering time, to show seasonal change and the harmony with the scenery around the garden.

• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.149-161
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to investigate and analyse the revised contents of the history class in the Korean Decimal Classification(KDC), 5th edition, and then identify problems and propose the revised contents for the KDC, 6the edition. Major analysed areas are divided into four. First, geographic area table is discussed. It includes extension of the geographic area table, emphasis of hierarchical structure in the geographical area, revision of North Korean geographical names, extension of subgeographical structure of major nations in the world, and revision of nations in the central and west Asia. Second, Korean time period is extended. Third, the notes of entries of the Chinese and Japanese history areas are shorten. Fourth, the geographical and personal names are changed their native pronunciation, specially Chinese and Japanese. For the revision of the KDC, 6th edition, four areas are discussed: first, Korean geographic areas would be categorized by broaden area, second, the areas are arranged from the capital of the nation to others, third, foreign geographical names would be used their native names, and last, time period would be categorized by years.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.21 no.11
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• pp.1307-1320
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• 2012

The purpose of this paper is to provide information on planting construction for healthy plant growth. To achieve this purpose, this study analyzed the planting type, planting density, withering rate, soil characteristics, and cambium electrical resistance (CER) of withered trees in an apartment complex with a high withering rate. The major plant groups examined consisted of native broad-leaved tree species (39.3%), native narrow-leaved tree species (24.2%), and native broad-leaved - exotic narrow-leaved tree species (16.4%). The planting density of the green area, where trees were planted from 0.0 to 0.3 trees per unit area, was measured as 98.4%. Withered trees were found in 19 of the 20 planted species, and the withering rate was 41.8% (610 withered/1,461 planted). Withering rates for tree species were measured as follows: Sophora japonica and Salix babylonica (100.0%), Magmolia denudata (84.3%), Lindera obtusiloba (74.7%), cornus kousa (69.3%), acer triflorum (69.2%), diospyros kaki (66.7%), Prunus yedoensis (62.8%), Acer palmatum (52.6%), Prunus armeniaca (51.1%), Chaenomeles sinensis (43.7%), Ginkgo biloba (40.9%), Zelkova serrata (31.0%), Cornus officinalis (28.6%), Taxus cuspidata (25.6%), Pinus densiflora (21.4%), Pinus parviflora (15.2%), Pinus strobus (14.6%), and Abies holophylla (10.3%). Soil chemical analyses for 18 samples revealed that as the withering rate increased, the following occurred: (a) the ratio of silt and clay in soil increased; (b) the soil pH, organic matter rate, nitrogen, available phosphorus, and cation exchange capacity (CEC) in samples were graded as "inadequate," based on the plant grading evaluation; and (c) the NaCl and cation exchange capacity were evaluated as "somewhat satisfactory." The measurement of CER for withering rate shows electrical resistance for higher withering rate are higher, which could predict that a tree will not grow well.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.33 no.2 s.109
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• pp.32-47
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• 2005

This study was carried out to investigate and propose a green-wall system with evergreen plants for urban greening of Tongyeong City. To achieve these goals, the requirements and possibilities for wall greening were investigated and evaluated considering the location, topography, and climate of Tongyeong City. Existing walls were analyzed and then a suitable green wall system is proposed. Tongyeong City and its 151 islands covers the central and the southern parts of the Goseong peninsula. Most of the land is covered with hills and mountains; $43.9\%$ of the land area has a slope greater than $15\%$ and most hills and mountains near the urban area have a slope of more than $30\%$. As a result of the topographical properties, concrete retaining walls can often be seen along the streets in urbanized areas. These retaining walls are not only unattractive, but they also create environmental problems, and thus should be replaced with native evergreen plants. Options for replacing the retaining walls include evergreen vine-plants such as Hedaa spp. and Euonymus radicans, but native evergreen shrubs such as Pittosporum tobira, Nandina domestica, Raphiolepis umbellata, Ilex cornuta, flex crenata, Fatsia japonic, and Aucuba japonica may be a more attractive option. Current wall conditions are unsuitable for planting vines, therefore, a reservoir-drainage-type plant box filled with a light artificial substrate is required for greening these concrete retaining walls. These might be irrigated in the dry season and fertilized annually by an appropriate system. These plant boxes could be attached along the entire walls. An experiment investigating effects of substrates and bark-chip mulching on the growth of Hedera spp. showed that the mixture of cerasoil and field soil(v/v, 4:6) was superior to field soil alone and to the mixture of perlite small grain, large grain, and field soil(v/v/v, 2:2:6). Bark-chip mulching tended to increase the growth of Hedera spp..

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.473-478
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• 1990

This survey was conducted to observe the prevalence of blood parasites in slaughtered cattle included Korean native cattle, Charolias, Hereford, Aberdeenangus and Holstein breeds in the Western area of Kyeongnam. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. The prevalence of T sergenti was shown 71.8% as 395 heads of a total of 550 heads examined and from Jaunary to November the monthly prevalence of T sergenti was shown the range of 61.1% to 84% except 38.5% in December. The other blood parasites included Babesia and Anaplasma were not detected from the blood samples except Setaria spp microfilariae. 2. The distribution of parasitaemia levels of T sergenti in positive cattle was shown 93.9% in the range of 1~10/1000 rbc, 4.1% in 11~20, 1.3% in 21~30 and 0.8% above the range of 31. 3. The pervalence of T sergenti by breeds of slaughtered cattle was shown 71.2% in Korean native cattle, 72.7% in Charolias, 78.3% in Hereford and 81. 8% in others (Aberdeen-angus and Holstein) respectively. Also the parasitaemia levels in these cattle were shown higher levels in imported cattle included Charolias, Hereford, Aberdeen-angus and Holstein breeds comparing with Korean native cattle. 4. The prevalence of Setaria spp microfilariae in slaughtered cattle was shown 6.9% and by monthly prevalence of the parasite was shown higher in March, April and May compared with June, July, August and October. But in the winter season included January, February, November and December the parasite was not detected from the blood samples. 5. The distribution of parasitaemia levels of Setaria spp microfilariae per ml of blood was shown 65.8% in the range of 1~50, 13.2% in 51~100 and 10.5% in 101~200 and above the range of 201, respectively.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.452-466
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• 2009

The aim of this study was to investigate the dietary attitude, popularization and merchandising intention of native local foods in the Yeongcheon area using a questionnaire. The questionnaire was answered by 322 citizens living in Yeongcheon. The findings are summarized as follows: 25.8% of the respondents stated that 'familiarity in taste' was the reason that they like local foods. 32.0% of the subjects said 'mass media' was the reason they knew about local foods. The most important aspect of local foods for tourism was 'taste' (44.7%). One of the main conditions for the popularization of local foods was 'holding various kinds of cultural events' (25.2%). The most recognized native local food in the Yeongcheon area was 'Ukhoe' (3.60 points), followed by 'Samsong-gun-mandu' (3.58 points), 'Dotorimuk-muchim', 'Hanu-sutbul-gui' and 'Chueotang'. On the other hand, the recognition score for 'Gompi-namul' (2.63 points), 'Piramijorim' (2.77 points), 'Sangeo-pipyeon', 'Muneochae-sukhoe' was very low. The most effective local food in developing tourism in Yeongcheon was 'Ukhoe' (3.70 points), followed by 'Hanu-sutbul-gui' (3.69 points), 'Dombaegi-gui-jjim', 'Samsong-gun-mandu', 'Someri-suyuk'. The results of this study indicate that the tourism commercialization intention of Yeongcheon local foods was significantly dependent on demographic factors (gender, age, education, dwelling period). Males had a high tourism product intention for 'Ukhoe', while female was high intention for 'Sogogi-jeongol' and 'Kongnip-kimchi'. The tourism commercialization intention for most Yeongcheon local foods increased as the dwelling period increased.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.56 no.4
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• pp.384-392
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• 2023

Stomatal pore is an important physiological trait that is closely linked to photosynthesis and transpiration as carbon dioxide and water vapor move through it between the atmosphere and plants. The present study investigated stomatal traits, such as stomatal density, index and size, of herbaceous native and alien plant species living in a riparian park on the Nakdong River to understand how those traits vary and to know if successful settlement of alien plants is attributed to those traits. There was no difference in stomatal density, index and size between native and alien plants with kidney-shaped stomata, suggesting that an empty ecological niche is not an essential prerequisite for the successful settlement of alien plants. Stomatal density showed a negative correlation with leaf thickness and leaf dry weight content (LMDC), but there was no correlation with Specific leaf area (SLA). All plants with kidney-shaped stomata had amphistomatous leaves, and the density and size of dumbell-shaped stomata were lower than those of kidney-shaped stomata.

• English Language & Literature Teaching
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.221-238
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• 2006

This study investigates the reliability of plagiarism measurement in the ESL essay writing context. The current study aims to address the answers to the following research questions: 1) How does plagiarism measurement affect test reliability in a psychometric view? and 2) how do raters conceive the plagiarism in their analytic scoring? This study uses the mixed-methodology that crosses quantitative-qualitative techniques. Thirty eight international students took an ESL placement writing test offered by the University of Illinois. Two native expert raters rated students' essays in terms of 5 analytic features (organization, content, language use, source use, plagiarism) and made a holistic score using a scoring benchmark. For research question 1, the current study, using G-theory and Multi-facet Rasch model, found that plagiarism measurement threatened test reliability. For research question 2, two native raters and one non-native rater in their email correspondences responded that plagiarism was not a valid analytic area to be measured in a large-scale writing test. They viewed the plagiarism as a difficult measurement are. In conclusion, this study proposes that a systematic training program for avoiding plagiarism should be given to students. In addition, this study suggested that plagiarism is measured reliably in the small-scale classroom test.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.29-37
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• 1997

An experiment was conducted for 20 days( from July 21 to August 10, 1996) to investigate the differences in thickness of eggshell and eggshell membrane in Korean native chicken. All the eggs were purchased from a farm located in Chinju area. All eggs were categorized into Treatment I (34.89~51.39 g), H (53.32~60.70 g), and III (34.89~60.70 g) according to their weights. Eleven items were measured in all three treatments, i.e., egg weight, egg length, egg width, breaking strength, eggshell thickness of large end(STLE), eggshell membrane thickness of large end(SMTL), eggshell thickness of small end (STSE), eggshell membrane thickness of small end(SMTS), eggshell thickness of middle part(STMP), and eggshell membrane thickness of middle part(SMTM). Correlation coefficients between egg weight and eggshell weight, among eggshell thickness of large end, small end and middle end and eggshell weight were significant (P<0.01). Correlation coefficients between egg weight and large eggshell membrane were nega-tively significant(P<0.01). Breaking strengths were higher in Treatment I than in Treatment H. Correlation coefficients among thickness of eggshell and eggshell membrane at each point at 3 parts of large end, small end and middle end were not significant.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.69-72
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• 1971

These experiments were designed to study the Hg contents in Korean Hens Egg by origin, kind, organ, and cooking methods. The following samples were studied. Place of origin Seoul (Legon) Su Woun (Legon) Pusan (Legon) Ulsan (Legon) Tae Gu (Legon) Kwang Ju (Legon) Seoul (New Hampson) Seoul (Native) No of sample 12 12 12 10 10 10 10 10 The following result were obtained. 1. The Hg contents of hen's egg of Seoul origin was 0.087 p.p.m., that of Ulsan origin was 0.077 p.p.m.. Its contents of Tae Gu, Kwang Ju origin were 0.052 p.p.m. and 0.048 p.p.m.. High contents of Hg showed in egg that produced in large cityies ana industrial area. 2. For the kind of egg, the Hg contents of Legon kind was 0.087 p.p.m and that of Native kind was 0.031 p.p.m.. Its contents of Legon kind was higher than that, of Native significantly. 3. By the organ of egg, the contents of Hg in egg yolk was 0.064 p.p.m. that showed 87 percent Hg contents of whole egg, and its value of egg white was 0.009 p.p.m.. 4. About cooking methods, the contents of Hg in parboiled egg was 0.007 p.p.m., that of fried egg was 0.015 p.p.m.. Especially the cooked eggs were significantly lower than row eggs in Hg contents.