• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.39-49
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• 2017

Standards suitable for local conditions on deciding one-way road are desperately required to solve traffic congestions at the backside roads in the old downtown areas which were not designated as a road by urban planning. Therefore, this study intends to re-establish a standard to decide one-way road which is regarded to be of the greatest effect among traffic system control methods in order to control one-way road system more efficiently. Also, this paper suggests a standard for such decision to improve efficiency of using backside roads and expand designation of one-way road. AHP (analytic hierarchy process) was carried out among the traffic experts to find out the factors to decide one-way road system. Its result reveals that importance of causing accident to walking quantity and traffic was high. 10,000 cases out of all the possible scenarios of accident by combining detailed evaluation items and scales were extracted to draw the outcomes of analyzing the scenarios, which were schematized in a graph. As a result, division by three sections of point of inflection was verified into $1{\leq}$ section A<1.91, 1.9$1{\leq}$ section B<2.08, and $2.08{\leq}$ section C<3. In other words, priority of deciding one-way road should be given to section C, the highest total point, while posterior to section A, where relatively low points are distributed. The standard on deciding one-way road suggested in this paper may be used for designating one-way road and basic data to re-establish the relevant system in the future.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.107-117
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• 2004

If doubtlessly contributes much to agriculture and rural development. The roles can be summarized as; 1. to activate rural areas and to provide more comfortable and safe rural life with equivalent services to those in urban areas, facilitating distance education, tole-medicine, remote public services, remote entertainment etc. 2. To initiate new agricultural and rural business such as e-commerce, real estate business for satellite officies, rural tourism and virtual corporation of small-scale farms. 3. To support policy-making and evaluation on optimal farm production, disaster management, effective agro-environmental resource management etc., providing tools such as GIS. 4. To improve farm management and farming technologies by efficient farm management, risk management, effective information or knowledge transfer etc., realizing competitive and sustainable farming with safe products. 5. To provide systems and tools to secure food traceability and reliability that has been an emerging issue concerning farm products since serious contamination such as BSE and chicken flu was detected. 6. To take an important and key role for industrialization of farming or lam business enterprise, combining the above roles.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.76-92
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• 2018

This study aimed to establish database of rainfall inundation area by rainfall scenarios and conduct a real time prediction for urban flood mitigation. the data leaded model was developed for the mapping of inundated area with rainfall forecast data provided by korea meteorological agency. for the construction of data leaded model, 1d-2d modeling was applied to Gangnam area, where suffered from severe flooding event including september, 2010. 1d-2d analysis result agree with observed in term of flood depth. flood area and flood occurring report which maintained by NDMS(national disaster management system). The fitness ratio of the NDMS reporting point and 2D flood analysis results was revealed to be 69.5%. Flood forecast chart was created using pre-flooding database. It was analyzed to have 70.3% of fitness in case of flood forecast chart of 70mm, and 72.0% in case of 80mm flood forecast chart. Using the constructed pre-flood area database, it is possible to present flood forecast chart information with rainfall forecast, and it can be used to secure the leading time during flood predictions and warning.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• v.50 no.5
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• pp.111-120
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• 2016

The objective of this study was to provide basic information for selecting the right timing and the right place of erosion control of stream on Gyeongsangnam-do. In order to achieve this objective, a total of 526 erosion control dams and 230 mountains stream conservation facilities on the constructed places and construction planned places for the erosion control were investigated on site, forest physiognomy, and hydrologic conditions. The erosion control dams and mountain stream conservation facilities were mostly constructed in the area, which has the sedimentary rock, 200-400m of altitude, a slope of 21~30°, and II of landslide hazard map. Among the forest environmental factors, it was only similar to the construction frequency in the areas that have small diameter class, III age class. Also, we investigated the hydrological environmental factors that determine the size and numbers of erosion control dam. The places constructed to the highest frequency were below 50ha in the area, 2.1~4.0km/㎢ of drainage density, longitudinal water system, 61~90mm of maximum precipitation per hour, and 201~300mm of day maximum precipitation. As the results, the sites and floodgate conditions between the constructed places and stream conservation facilities for the erosion control showed to be very similar. Therefore, these results indicate that the erosion control of the stream of the areas, which have the disruption of mountain peaks and the high erosion risk areas, should be used on both the erosion control dam and stream conservation facilities.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.547-565
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• 2011

Different types of schemes have been used in stage prediction involving conceptual and physical models. Nevertheless, none of these schemes can be considered as a single superior model. To overcome disadvantages of existing physics based rainfall-runoff models for stage predicting because of the complexity of the hydrological process, recently the data-derived models has been widely adopted for predicting flood stage. The objective of this study is to evaluate model performance for stage prediction of the Neuro-Fuzzy and regression analysis stage prediction models in these data-derived methods. The proposed models are applied to the Wangsukcheon in Han river watershed. To evaluate the performance of the proposed models, fours statistical indices were used, namely; Root mean square error(RMSE), Nash Sutcliffe efficiency coefficient(NSEC), mean absolute error(MAE), adjusted coefficient of determination($R^{*2}$). The results show that the Neuro-Fuzzy stage prediction model can carry out the river flood stage prediction more accurately than the regression analysis stage prediction model. This study can greatly contribute to the construction of a high accuracy flood information system that secure lead time in medium and small streams.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.155-160
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• 2018

The unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) is used in various fields, such as land surveying, facility management, and disaster monitoring and restoration because it has low operational costs, fast data acquisition, and can generate a digital surface model (DSM). Recently, the UAV has been applied to process management in construction projects. Construction projects are widely distributed not only in urban areas but also in mountainous areas and rural areas where people are rarely in traffic or in vehicles. Projects range from a few hundred meters to several kilometers long. In order to perform a reconnaissance survey, a surveying method using a global positioning system (GPS) or a total station has mainly been used. However, these methods have a disadvantage in that a lot of time is required for data acquisition. This study's purpose is to evaluate the usability of a UAV DSM for surveying a construction area. Data was acquired using the UAV and a three-dimensional (3D) laser scanner, and the DSM of the construction site was created through data processing. The UAV DSM showed accuracy to within 30 cm based on the 3D laser scanner data, and a process comparison between the two work methods was able to present the usability of the UAV DSM in the field of construction surveying. Future utilization of the UAV DSM is expected to greatly improve the efficiency of work in construction projects.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.42 no.5
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• pp.711-721
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• 2022

Due to a long-term pandemic of COVID-19 since 2019, our society finally goes into 'un-tact (non-contact) era' in earnest by increasing an importance of non-contacted activities which are able to live without contacts among people. Un-tact era has influenced to generate a huge structural change with digitalization in our daily life as well as industrial society based on digital twin as an essential technology. As a technology representing real world in virtual digital world by integrating various technologies applied to 4^th industrial revolution, digital twin leads an innovation in industrial society with diverse industrial processes. But this technique isn't actively used across all industries due to structural limitations and environmental restrictions of digital twin. Especially, the field of construction and facility is necessary to use digital twin because it requires periodic managements of buildings in daily life and is directly connected with casualties in cases of disaster. But issues faced in reality are acting as an obstacle for applying digital twin. Therefore, this study suggests the necessity applying digital twin in facility safety response based on these issues and emphasizes active applications of digital twin by describing the expected effects being created. Furthermore, it connects to create demands of digital twin by overcoming current issues and suggesting high sustainable development.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.36 no.5_3
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• pp.1037-1051
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• 2020

The accurate monitoring and forecasting of the intensity of tropical cyclones (TCs) are able to effectively reduce the overall costs of disaster management. In this study, we proposed a multi-task learning (MTL) based deep learning model for real-time TC intensity estimation and forecasting with the lead time of 6-12 hours following the event, based on the fusion of geostationary satellite images and numerical forecast model output. A total of 142 TCs which developed in the Northwest Pacific from 2011 to 2016 were used in this study. The Communications system, the Ocean and Meteorological Satellite (COMS) Meteorological Imager (MI) data were used to extract the images of typhoons, and the Climate Forecast System version 2 (CFSv2) provided by the National Center of Environmental Prediction (NCEP) was employed to extract air and ocean forecasting data. This study suggested two schemes with different input variables to the MTL models. Scheme 1 used only satellite-based input data while scheme 2 used both satellite images and numerical forecast modeling. As a result of real-time TC intensity estimation, Both schemes exhibited similar performance. For TC intensity forecasting with the lead time of 6 and 12 hours, scheme 2 improved the performance by 13% and 16%, respectively, in terms of the root mean squared error (RMSE) when compared to scheme 1. Relative root mean squared errors(rRMSE) for most intensity levels were lessthan 30%. The lower mean absolute error (MAE) and RMSE were found for the lower intensity levels of TCs. In the test results of the typhoon HALONG in 2014, scheme 1 tended to overestimate the intensity by about 20 kts at the early development stage. Scheme 2 slightly reduced the error, resulting in an overestimation by about 5 kts. The MTL models reduced the computational cost about 300% when compared to the single-tasking model, which suggested the feasibility of the rapid production of TC intensity forecasts.

• Industry Promotion Research
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.23-29
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• 2020

In order to enrich the lives of senior citizens, this study suggested measures to increase income for the elderly by strengthening the current income security policies. Income security is a policy that guarantees income to maintain a certain standard of living. It is a policy that guarantees income to maintain a certain standard of living when income is suspended due to unemployment, disease, or disaster, or when income is lost due to retirement or death of a dependent due to old age, or when expenditure accompanying birth, death, etc. occurs. According to the study, measures to expand old-age income security are as follows. First, a phased increase in basic pension for the guarantee of old-age income is needed. Second, the income security function of the National Pension Service should be further strengthened. Third, a multi-layered old-age income security system should be established. Fourth, the government should continue to push for the expansion of works for the elderly. In conclusion, in order to strengthen the income security policy for the elderly, a reexamination of the current income guarantee system for the elderly is needed first. Then, it will be necessary to propose measures to gradually guarantee income for the elderly.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.64-73
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• 2020

As Korean government and safety-related organizations make continuous efforts to reduce the number of industrial accidents, accident rate has steadily declined since 2010, thereby recording 0.48% in 2017. However, the number of fatalities due to industrial accidents was 1,987 in 2017, which means that more efforts should be made to reduce the number of industrial accidents. As an essential activity for enhancing the system safety, accident analysis can be effectively used for reducing the number of industrial accidents. Accident analysis aims to understand the process of an accident scenario and to identify the plausible causes of the accident. Accident analysis offers useful information for developing measures for preventing the recurrence of an accident or its similar accidents. However, it seems that the current practice of accident analysis in Korean manufacturing companies takes a simplistic accident model, which is based on a linear and deterministic cause-effect relation. Considering the actual complexities underlying accidents, this would be problematic; it could be more significant in the case of human error-related accidents. Accordingly, it is necessary to use a more elaborated accident model for addressing the complexity and nature of human-error related accidents more systematically. Regarding this, HFACS(Human Factors Analysis and Classification System) can be a viable accident analysis method. It is based on the Swiss cheese model and offers a range of causal factors of a human error-related accident, some of which can be judged as the plausible causes of an accident. HFACS has been widely used in several work domains(e.g. aviation and rail industry) and can be effectively used in Korean industries. However, as HFACS was originally developed in aviation industry, the taxonomy of causal factors may not be easily applied to accidents in Korean industries, particularly manufacturing companies. In addition, the typical characteristics of Korean industries need to be reflected as well. With this issue in mind, we developed HFACS-K as a method for analyzing accidents happening in Korean industries. This paper reports the process of developing HFACS-K, the structure and contents of HFACS-K, and a case study for demonstrating its usefulness.