• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.533-536
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• 2009

Withdrawal time of erythromycin in the cultured black rockfish (Sebastes schlegeli) was investigated to provide regulatory authority and fishery industry with full information needed to secure food safety of the fish treated with erythromycin. Medication was carried out using the experimental diet containing erythromycin of which concentration was 200 mg/kg diet and its daily dose was about 40 mg/kg body weight. The withdrawal time needed to reduce antibiotic contents around 10.0 mg/kg accumulated during 9 days medication below 0.2 mg/kg was identified about 10 days. The antibiotic with 13.7 mg/kg of fish on the $9^{th}$ days of medication was completely depleted after 30 days from stop of medication.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.9 no.3 s.20
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• pp.9-16
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• 2003

The aim of this study is to analyze the improvement of housing renewal project and suggest the conditions of rural housing environment filled with the resident's desire, requirements concerning about characteristics of a rural environment and temporal and social requirements. The project for improvement of rural housing environment has been executed in a few ways: reform of the rural housing environment and the development of territories for settlement of a desolate region. To analyze and assess the accomplishments, we considered codes and process related to the project for improvement of rural housing environment and analyzed present conditions and problems through many reference books and administrative data. According to these results, devices in future business for improvement of rural housing environment are as follows; It should required a rational allocation of working space, living space, cultural activity space suitable for rural area characteristics and changed into uniformed system in various projects governed by different institutions.

• Development and Reproduction
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.309-314
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• 2012

This study was conducted to analyze the difference of body types within and between wild and farmed populations of olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus using measured records of morphological traits. The results showed that surveyed traits and standard deviation were $1,355{\pm}742g$ of body weight, $48.01{\pm}7.79cm$ of total length, and $40.96{\pm}6.80cm$ of body length. Also body height, body shape index and condition factor were $17.19{\pm}3.43cm$, $9.99{\pm}0.74$ and $11.16{\pm}1.54$, respectively. As result of least squares mean and standard error for each trait assumed in this study, those of farmed population showed significantly higher than those of wild population in all traits, exclusively in total length and body length (p<0.01). Particularly, the values of the body height and the body weight of the farmed population were higher than those of the wild population in the same total length. And the phenotypic correlation coefficients of the body weight, the total length, the body length and the body height showed strong positive correlation in all populations. These result suggested that morphological differences exist in farmed and wild flounder. Therefore, introduction of wild flounder is essential for the future production to improve the body type of farmed flounder, and parental fish should be chosen by considering selection of commercially important traits in the production process.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.14-19
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• 2015

In a previous report, we identified several candidate antimicrobial peptides through de novo RNA sequencing of the centipede Scolopendra subspinipes mutilans. Here, we identify and characterize one of these peptides, Scolopendrasin I. We identified the centipede antimicrobial peptide Cecropin from the centipede transcriptome using an SVM algorithm, and subsequently analyzed the amino acid sequence for predicted secondary structure using a GOR algorithm. We identified an alpha helical region of Cecropin and named it Scolopendrasin I. We then assessed antimicrobial and hemolytic activity of Scolopendrasin I. Scolopendrasin I showed antimicrobial activity against various microbes, including antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative bacteria, in a radial diffusion assay. Scolopendrasin I had potent antibacterial activity against acne-associated microbes in a colony count assay and showed no hemolytic activity in a hemolysis assay. In addition, we confirmed that Scolopendrasin I bound to the surface of bacteria via a specific interaction with lipoteichoic acid and lipopolysaccharide, two components of bacterial cell membranes. In conclusion, the results presented here provide evidence that this is an efficient strategy for antimicrobial peptide candidate identification and that Scolopendrasin I has potential for successful antibiotic development.

• Plant Biotechnology Reports
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.317-324
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• 2009

The insecticidal toxin gene of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) is one of the most commonly used in the development of genetically modified (GM) crops. In this research, we analyzed Bt rice showing lepidopteran pest-resistance. The Bt gene is a synthetic Cry1Ac composed of optimal codons for plants, and the Bt protein is targeted to the chloroplast by a transit peptide. Three Cry1Ac rice events (C103-3, C127-1, and C7-1) were analyzed for molecular characterization. C103-3 contains two copies of T-DNA where the left border (LB) region is truncated. Both C7-1 and C127-1 have a single copy of T-DNA, but a part of the vector backbone DNA is inserted into the genome of C127-1; thus, only C7-1 had intact T-DNA. Progenies of C7-1 crossed with the original cultivar, Nakdong, and double-haploid lines from anther culture of lines crossed with the elite cultivar, Dongjin, were analyzed for T-DNA flanking genomic DNA and genotyping. Results showed that an intact T-DNA region without the vector backbone was inserted into the genome and was stably inherited through generations. The C7-1 homozygous event could be used as breeding material to develop GM rice with pest resistance.

• Animal cells and systems
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.419-427
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• 2009

The Minke whale, Balaenoptera acutorostrata, is the smallest baleen whale in the suborder Mysticeti. Because this species inhabits coastal areas, it became a main target species of coastal small-type whaling in the North Atlantic and the Northwest Pacific Oceans, and the species' population size dramatically decreased because of over-exploitation. As a result, the International Whaling Commission declared a global moratorium on whaling and launched the development of a management procedure for protecting the whales. Morphological studies, whaling history analysis, and genetic studies conducted mainly by Japanese scientists showed the existence of one unique "E" stock that inhabits the waters around the Korean peninsula and mixes with the "O" stock in the southern part of the Sea of Okhotsk. We used the mitochondrial DNA control region polymorphism of 348 Minke whales bycaught or stranded in Korean waters from 30 October 1998 to 25 June 2005 to assess the whale population structure by year. The frequency of the 10 major haplotypes from the 40 identified haplotypes was not significantly different among groups, suggesting that a subpopulation was not present. A comparison of the genetic distances calculated with Tamura-Nei's method showed that the distances between groups were lower than those within groups, which suggests that there was no genetic difference in the Minke whale populations. The Fst comparison between groups and the phylogenetic tree constructed using the unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean (UPGMA) and Neighbor Joining (NJ) method also detected no obvious sub-stock structure.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.21 no.12spc
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• pp.719-725
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• 2021

The main purpose of the study is to determine the main aspects of information support for anti-crisis management in the context of ensuring national security. In modern conditions, under the influence of COVID-19, it becomes important to develop a modern paradigm for the transformation of anti-crisis management, based on the determination of the laws of state development on the basis of the imperative of national interests and territorial integrity. These are, firstly, the patterns of development of the state system of public administration, secondly, the patterns of development of a complex of state interests, and thirdly, patterns of development of the modern model of the country's territorial integrity. As a result of the study, the key aspects of the anti-crisis management system were identified in the context of ensuring the security of national interests.

• Development and Reproduction
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.181-187
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• 2015

Early life stage mortality in fish is one of the problems faced by loach aquaculture. However, our understanding of immune system in early life stage fish is still incomplete, and the information available is restricted to a few fish species. In the present work, we investigated the expression of immune-related transcripts in loach during early development. In fishes, recombination-activating gene 1 (RAG-1) and sacsin (SACS) have been considered as immunological function. In this study, the expression of the both genes was assessed throughout the early developmental stages of loach using real-time PCR method. maRAG-1 mRNA was first detected in 0 dph, observed the increased mostly until 40 dph. Significant expression of maRAG-1 was detected in 0 to 40 dph. These patterns of expression may suggest that the loach start to develop its function after hatching. On the other hand, maSACS was detected in unfertilized oocyte to molura stages and 0 to 40 dph. maSACS mRNA transcripts were detected in unfertilized oocytes, suggesting that they are maternally transferred.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.21 no.12
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• pp.269-279
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• 2021

In the current conditions of world socio-economic development, the strategic support of the process of managing the development of universities has become a particularly important area. Strategic management requires reliable information and analytical support in the form of sound descriptions of strategic directions of development, assumptions, and forecasts. The purpose of the study is to substantiate and elaborate the crucial causes in the strategic management of university's development and to suggest the coherent prospects for advancements. The data analysis was performed using descriptive methods to identify the most significant causes that affect the university's strategic development; the expert assessment was used to rank the factors, ultimately to assess each factor that affects to some extent the university's strategic development; the abstract-logical method was used to ground the positive impact of computer technologies and e-learning on the strategic development of a university and to formulate proposals for its further progress. The main results provided in the given paper showed that significant and most important strategic cause of university's development lies in the field of improving the quality of education, expanding access to educational services based on computer technology and its functionality. In turn, its widespread use at all stages of the educational process allows providing a number of advancements for universities in strategic prospects.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.49 no.6
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• pp.720-730
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• 2016

Greenhouse-gas emission factors are widely used to estimate emissions arising from a defined unit of a specific activity. Such estimates are used both for international reporting to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and for myriad national and sub-national reporting purposes (for example, European Union Emissions Trading Scheme; EU ETS). As with the other so-called 'Kyoto protocol GHGs', the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) provides a methodology for national and sub-national estimation of $N_2O$ emissions, based on the sector from which the emissions arise. The objective of this study was to develop a integrated emission factor to estimate the direct $N_2O$ emission from an agricultural field cultivated with the red pepper, soy bean, spring cabbage, autumn cabbage and potato in 2010~2012. Emission factor of $N_2O$ calculated using accumulated $N_2O$ emission, N fertilization rate, and background $N_2O$ emission over three year experiment was $0.00596{\pm}0.001337kg$ $N_2O-N(N\;kg)^{-1}$. More extensive studies need to be conducted to develop $N_2O$ emission factors for other upland crops in the various regions of Korea because $N_2O$ emission is influenced by many factors including climate characteristics, soil properties, and agricultural practices.