• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.252-260
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• 2022

Purpose: As the intensity and frequency of natural hazards are increasing due to climate change, external events that affecting nuclear power plants(NPPs) may increase. NPPs must be protected from external events such as natural hazards and human-induced hazards. External events that may occur in NPPs should be identified, and external events that may affect NPPs should be identified. This study introduces the methodology of identification and screening methods for external events by literature review. Method: The literature survey was conducted on the identification and screening methods of external events for probabilistic safety assessment of NPPs. In addition, the regulations on the identification and screening of external events were investigated. Result: In order to minimize the cost of external event impact analysis of nuclear power plants, research on identifying and screening external events is being conducted. In general, in the identification process, all events that can occur at the NPPs are identified. In the screening process, external events are selected based on qualitative and quantitative criteria in most studies. Conclusions: The process of identifying and screening external events affecting NPPs is becoming important. This paper, summarize on how to identify and screen external events for a probabilistic safety assessment of NPPs. It is judged that research on bounding analysis and conservative analysis methods performed in the quantitative screening process of external events is necessary.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.239-247
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• 2013

Background: Fixed drug combinations are formulations containing two or more active ingredients in a single dosage form. Such combination therapies are commonly applied to improve efficacy, reduce adverse events and replace co-administration, etc. National and international guidelines for hypertension treatment recommend addition of other classes of antihypertensive drugs rather than incremental dose of mono-therapy, when blood pressure is not adequately controlled. Thus, many dual combinations of antihypertensive drugs have been approved and pharmaceutical companies are recently interested in developing antihypertensive triple combinations. Clinical trial designs for the fixed combinations are various depending on the target patients, dosage and clinical endpoints. Thereby, further discussions for the clinical trials of antihypertensive triple therapies are required regarding the indication claimed. Conclusion: This article provides a review for the assessment of the label and medical reports of the clinical trials on antihypertensive triple therapies in advanced foreign countries.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.47-53
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• 2021

The fatality rate is used to estimate each country's risk level. However, the fatality rate is calculated using the number of fatal accidents and workers, which is collected differently across countries. It is therefore problematic to use these numbers in an equivalent way. This study proposes a new approach for calculating the number of full-time equivalent workers when evaluating individual countries' fatality rate by suggesting an equivalent condition for the calculation of the number of full-time equivalent workers. This study proceeds in three steps: (i) analysis of the fatality rate among various countries; (ii) fatality rate calculation using the full-time equivalent workers; and (iii) comparison of the fatality rate among various countries. The study found that for the fatality rate based on national data, the fatality rate in South Korea (1.72‱) is 10 times higher than that in United Kingdom (0.17‱). However, according to the number of full-time equivalent workers, the fatality rate in South Korea (1.86‱) was three times higher than that in the United Kingdom (0.56‱). These findings reveal a difference in the fatality rate depending on the method used to calculate the number of full-time equivalent workers. Therefore, the number of full-time equivalent workers must be calculated for each country to accurately compare the fatality rate. Ultimately, the study's results highlight the need for clearer standards in the assessment of the fatality rate by country in international organizations such as the ILO.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.67-73
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• 2016

This study investigates the seismic performance of the surge tank which is of the atmospheric type and constructed above the ground. For that purpose, three different numerical models of the surge tank have been taken into account. Two models are constructed to describe the surge tank with different support conditions: one is to model all supports as fixed, and the other is to use spring element for the rock conditions. The third model is constructed to describe not only the surge tank with spring element of the rocks but also the vertical waterway tunnel. Through the time-history analysis of the surge tank subjected to three artificially excited ground motions, it is demonstrated that there can be much difference between the three models of our interest according to the support conditions and inclusion of the vertical waterway tunnel. However, their seismic performances still remain below the safety criteria, i.e., dynamic allowable stress. Also, the numerical results let us know where the critical sections occur. These results could be used to develop the efficient seismic enhancement method for the surge tank.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.160-165
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• 2014

The realistic cases causing severe core damage should be analyzed and arranged systematically for preparing an accident management of the specific nuclear power plant. The objective of this paper is to establish basic technical information for reactor safety and reactor building integrity management strategies in CANDU reactor severe accident. For the development of severe accident management strategies, plant specific features and behaviors must be studied by detailed analysis works. This analysis scope will serve to cover overall methods and analyzing results to understand the reactor building integrity status in the most likely severe accident sequences that could occur at CANDU reactor. Also analysis results could help prevent or mitigate severe accidents for the identification of any plant specific vulnerabilities to severe accidents using the probabilistic safety assessment (PSA) quantified results.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.50-59
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• 2013

This study was performed in order to assess the risk of korean orchard worker due to pesticide exposure. The amount of pesticide exposure was calculated based on the informations of 97 kind of items that are used the form of a spraying in Korean orchard. The risks of these pesticides were assessed to compare the exposure amount with AOEL (acceptable operator exposure level) which was released form developed countries. When the operator sprayed pesticides using speed sprayer, 74.2% of pesticide items showed the risk for operator if the operator have not worn the personal protective equipment (PPE), and 42.3% of pesticide items showed the risk for operator if the operator have worn the PPE. In case of using motor sprayer, 64.1% of pesticide items showed the risk for operator if the operator have not worn the PPE, and 19.4% of pesticide items showed the risk for operator if the operator have worn the PPE. This result was indicated that the risk of pesticide against the operator was very high in korean orchard operator.

• Proceedings of the Korean Nuclear Society Conference
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• 2001.05a
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• pp.172-172
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• 2001

• Proceedings of the Korean Nuclear Society Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.333.1-333.1
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• 2003

• Proceedings of KOSOMES biannual meeting
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• 2017.04a
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• pp.140-140
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• 2017

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.23 no.6
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• pp.81-89
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• 2019

This study deals with a process for recovering hydrogen isotopes from fusion exhaust gas. The goal of this process is to remove impurities, maximally recover only pure hydrogen isotopes. Experiments using hydrogen and deuterium were conducted to confirm the possibility of the recovery of hydrogen isotopes. In the exhaust gas containing H₂, impurities was removed in the membrane process, and only pure H₂ was recovered. And the H₂ in the exhaust gas of the He-GDC(Glow Discharge Cleaning) process was recovered using a cryogenic adsorption process. In addition, HAZOP analysis was performed for qualitative risk assessment. For scenario analysis, the damage prediction ALOHA program was used to calculate the range of influence. Finally measures were sought to improve safety.