• English & American cultural studies
• /
• v.18 no.1
• /
• pp.23-51
• /
• 2018

This paper focuses on historical instances of iconoclasm after the Reformation to reveal how iconoclasm had greatly contributed to the formation of the Protestant mindset in the early modern times. During the English civil war, when iconoclastic campaigns and movements were in full tide, the paper argues that the notions of novelty and progress were more positively accepted among radical religious groups. To put it in another way, the paper suggests a different way of looking the formation of Protestant habitus by giving accounts of how iconoclastic impulses spurred diverse religious groups during the civil war to break the mold of conservative thinking and to revolutionize the print culture hitherto based on patronage and served as a buttress for status-quo. From this analysis, then, we are ledto the different portrait of the protestant in the seventeenth century, whose mindset was not quite as solitary and guilt ridden as Max Weber would have us believe.

• Journal of Integrative Natural Science
• /
• v.9 no.1
• /
• pp.67-71
• /
• 2016

The university president direct election system in Korea had begun in 1987 as a movement of college democratization in the 1980s after 6.29 Declaration. Since then, many national/private universities had adopted the election system. However, it has posed many problems and it caused a sharp division of opinions between those who approve and disapprove the direct election system. Since 2005, the government has made official of the reformation and/or abolition of the university president direct election system, and has kept pushing for universities to give up the direct election system. Now, only 3 or 4 universities hold on to the system, and many universities have changed into the indirect election system. In the indirect election, a key is the composition of president nomination committee, which confirms the university members's variety. Many universities adopting the indirect election system have used simple random sampling, like drawing lots, to compose the president nomination committee. However, drawing lots has a problem that it has large possibility of composing a biased committee. This research suggests systematic sampling as an alternative to drawing lots. A numerical analysis was conducted using a data of a university in which the indirect election was implemented recently. The drawing lots gave the biased nomination committee. On the other hand, the systematic sample improves the problem and confirms more the variety of all members.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
• /
• v.35 no.1
• /
• pp.103-116
• /
• 2022

Objectives : To look at the medical law reformation of Korean Medicine hospitals through the establishment and management of the Jaehan Oriental Medicine Hospital, which was the first Korean Medicine Hospital in South Korea. Methods : Revisions of the medical law since the establishment of the National Medical Act in 1951 up until 1973 when the 'Korean Medicine hospital' first entered the medical institution category were examined. Based on the revised contents, the establishment and management of the Jaehan hospital were examined. Results & Conclusions : The first mentioning of 'Korean Medicine hospital' in the medical law took place on Feb 16, 1973 when the medical law was completely revised. After law regulations on Korean Medicine hospitals were established, the fist Korean Medicine hospital was founded on Nov. 24th, 1973 according to act 2533 of the medical law. This is the Jaehan Oriental Medicine Hospital, which is the predecessor of what we now know as the Daegu Korean Medicine University Hospital. Although the Jaehan hospital was registered as a legitimate Korean Medicine hospital in November of 1973, it had already started medical practice in December of 1970. While it was established according to the standards of medical law, it changed its institution category from 'Korean Medicine hospital' to 'affiliated Korean Medicine clinic' based on another clause within the same law. The decade from 1960 to 1970 was a time when national economy was developing, and the field of medicine and medical institutions were also booming. As such, revisions in the medical law seems to not have been able to keep up with what was happening in reality. To meet the patients' right to move or to manage diseases which Korean Medicine was taking responsibility for, a medical institution with inpatient capacity was required. Therefore it is possible that the Jaehan hospital which had already been providing such a role could have been a sample case for reference in the medical law revision process.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
• /
• v.3 no.1
• /
• pp.9-20
• /
• 1991

The authors investigated the existing international fishery relationship in the sea around the Korean Peninsula, and prospected on the reformation of the fishery order which might be followed by mutation of the international political condition and by effectuation of the U.N. Convention on the Law of the Sea in the future. It can be explained that the existing international fishery order in this sea has been constituted on the basis of restricting Japanese indiscriminate fishery expansion. But. when the South Korea and China proclaim the 200-mile EEZ in the future, a considerable part of existing fishery agreements will forfeit the role as general norms of the international fishery relationship. Accordingly a counterplan against the revision or abrogation of the Korea-Japan Fishery Agreement must be considered. And also a rational fishery relationship between Korea and China, as confronting countries, must be organized. The South-North Korea fishery relationship must be settled on the basis of co-operation. trust, and common interest. For this purpose, a political discussion on the establishment of the joint fishery zone around the military demarcation line and on the conservation for the fishery resources must be begun in earnest.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• v.45 no.3
• /
• pp.148-155
• /
• 2012

Since the reformation of the National Health Insurance Act in 2000, the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service (HIRA) in the Republic of Korea has performed quality assessments for healthcare providers. The HIRA Value Incentive Program (VIP), established in July 2007, provides incentives for excellent-quality institutions and disincentives for poorquality ones. The program is implemented based on data collected between July 2007 and December 2009. The goal of the VIP is to improve the overall quality of care and decrease the quality gaps among healthcare institutions. Thus far, the VIP has targeted acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and Caesarian section (C-section) care. The incentives and disincentives awarded to the hospitals by their composite quality scores of the AMI and C-section scores. The results of the VIP showed continuous and marked improvement in the composite quality scores of the AMI and C-section measures between 2007 and 2010. With the demonstrated success of the VIP project, the Ministry of Health and Welfare expanded the program in 2011 to include general hospitals. The HIRA VIP was deemed applicable to the Korean healthcare system, but before it can be expanded further, the program must overcome several major concerns, as follows: inclusion of resource use measures, rigorous evaluation of impact, application of the VIP to the changing payment system, and expansion of the VIP to primary care clinics.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Machine Tool Engineers
• /
• v.13 no.6
• /
• pp.127-134
• /
• 2004

As the result of reduction of the barrier of national economy on matters of quality assurance of weighing instruments in recently, it is considering in domestic as well as international matters. Therefore, this study is to analysis and compare with international md national measuring standards on the electric self-indicating scale, to improve the quality of electronic machine by providing a reformation plan on currently problems of domestic manufactured, and to identify to introduce in domestic criteria from international standards. I had compared KSC 1313 to OIML R 76-1 as the performance assessment items, such as metrology Properties test, static temperature test, temperature effect testing under the un-load, electronic wave disturbance test, high-tempereature and high-humidity stability test and durability test. Therefore, only one company is passed all items of the test according to the international (reference) standards, but it is possible to improve the quality in general if it should be use the load cell and electric components which is stability of temperature change in order to supplementation to the static temperature test and temperature effect testing under the un-load. It is also possible to apply in the domestic with the OIML 76-1 after correcting the design.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
• /
• no.41
• /
• pp.39-73
• /
• 2014

This study aims to analyze the features and problems of the Korea's national records archiving system established in 1999, as well as to suggest the countermeasures. First, in Korea, permanent records are archived by the administration, legislature and judicature separately. However, around the world there are very few cases where a national archives controls the records of the administration alone, whereupon there is the need to set up an integrated archiving system regarding the records of the administration, legislature and judicature. Second, in Korea, the records archiving system leans too much towards the centrally-controlled system, which is urgent to be solved. 'Record Management Act' stipulates that all the public records, including nonpermanent ones, shall be managed by National Archives, wherewith National Archives is overburdened. Hereat, it may be desirable for National Archives to manage very important records that deserve to be archived permanently and for Record Center to archive other records, which needs to be made into law.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
• /
• v.39 no.5
• /
• pp.360-365
• /
• 2006

Objective : This is a cadaver study to assess the accuracy of three cervical screw insertion techniques; the blind technique [Group I], the laminotomy technique [Group II], and the funnel technique [Group III]. Methods : Ten human cadavers embalmed with formaldehyde were prepared. After exposing the spinous processes, the laminas and the lateral masses, titanium alloy transpedicular screws were inserted from C3 to C7. A total of 100 pedicles were ramdomly assigned to one of three techniques [the blind technique : 31 screws, the laminotomy technique : 51 screws, the funnel technique: 18 screws]. Axial computed tomography with 1-mm slices, and sagittal and coronal reformation were performed to identify the accuracy of the screw insertion and the anatomic relationships. Results : In Group I, 9 screws [29%] were either contained within or penetrated less than 1mm, which were rated as successful. In Group II, 24 screws [47%] were successful. In Group III, 16 screws [89%] were successful. In the multiple comparison, there was a statistically significant difference between Groups I and III and between Groups II and III [$X^2$ test and Bonfenoni test]. Conclusion : The funnel technique can help a surgeon's understanding about the cervical pedicle more precisely than the other two techniques. The funnel technique is less dependent on lateral soft tissue retraction state.

• The Korean Journal of Archival Studies
• /
• no.52
• /
• pp.39-58
• /
• 2017

It is the responsibility of the government organization in the field of history and archives to control preproduction of records and their production sphere. Moreover, it should also manage all kinds of archives and presidential records as its function is to manage and share public information, and carry out compilations of historical records. With this, this study explains how having all these functions would make the ideal reorganization of the government. It should correspond to principle of Government's reorganization such as transparency, responsibility, communication. A plan for reformation needs two-track approach. I would like to propose the establishment of the 'Ministry of National Archives' or the 'National Memory Committee' at the organization that is in charge of national records and memory management. It means that the National memory isn't limited to public sphere. In terms of Total archives, the organizations should contain the whole community's memory. This organization should be formed independently.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
• /
• v.32 no.1
• /
• pp.113-124
• /
• 1997

The purpose of this article is to analyze some problems of the present curriculum of social studies education and develop a newer hierarchical curriculum system for the 7th Curriculum Reformation in the primary and secondary school of Korea. Most of the major problems of social studies education come from the mixture of different subject matters without reasonable education logic. Most of teachers feel some difficulties in teaching the social studies for the lack of other subject knowledges. For the better teaching, it is needed to control the integrating level according to the learner's intellectual ability from the elementary school to high school. So, it is necessary to enhance students' thinking skills by their own ability of restructuring knowledges from all subject matters in more advanced curriculum. Also, it is required to develop a new hierarchical system of curriculum concerning the geographical view of the world. Students can have many kinds of geographical view points if teachers can well organize learning activities logically for the students to enhance their understanding of geography by adjusting scale of regional unit, geographical theme, and resolution level of interpretation. And then, in the elementary school curriculum, the students are required to understand the spatial variation of places, and various environments in the world, scale. In the junior high school, students have to understand the relationship between man and nature in the context of large scale environments. The high school curriculum needs to be focused on the student's understanding of the spatial contexts of places by theoretical application in the smaller scale region different from elementary and junior high school curriculums.