• The Journal of Korean Medical History
• /
• v.26 no.2
• /
• pp.175-185
• /
• 2013

Purpose : The current Medical Law and the Pharmaceutical Affairs Act, which are incapable of utilizing the research results and the advanced academic, clinical, and pharmaceutical system of the present-day Korean (Oriental) medicine, have limitations and create a paradox by provoking social conflict among the professionals in the field. The aim of this study was to find out the legal and systematic problems that contributed to a complicated conflict amongst Korean (Oriental) medicine doctors, doctors, pharmacists, and Korean (Oriental) pharmacists regarding the classification of their functions. Methods : We reviewed the history and characteristics of the legislation regarding the duties of Korean (Oriental) medicine doctors and Korean (Oriental) pharmacists as well as the relevant and important public health policies since the enactment of the National Medical Services Law in 1951. We focused on the laws and regulations that are made in the process of the separating functions of physicians and pharmacists and the dispute between the Korean (Oriental) medicine doctors and the Korean (Oriental) pharmacists in the 1990s and 2000s. Results : The legislations and amendments of the medical and pharmaceutical laws and regulations that reflect the modern academic, clinical, and pharmaceutical system of the Korean (Oriental) medicine and the research results could be summarized as follows: 1) A partial amendment of the Medical Law in 1987, which added the provision of "Oriental health guidance" as one of the duties of Korean (Oriental) medicine doctors, assured a place for Korean (Oriental) medicine doctors in the field of public health. 2) A partial revision of Pharmaceutical Affairs Act in 1994 established a new system for Korean (Oriental) pharmacists, bringing about the creation of dualistic pharmaceutical system that complements the dualistic medical system. 3) The Promotion of the Research and Development of Wonder Drugs by Using Natural Substances Act was legislated in 2000 in order to stimulate research and development of Korean (Oriental) medicine and its industrialization. 4) Oriental Medicine Promotion Act in 2003 was enacted to lay foundation to specify and promote technology and industry that are related to Korean (Oriental) medicine. Discussions and conclusions : Although the dualistic medical and pharmaceutical system is set up by the Medical Law and Pharmaceutical Affairs Act, it is shown that the relevant regulations have been developed from a perspective of the western medicine.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
• /
• v.25 no.3
• /
• pp.167-181
• /
• 2008

The prevention of life-style related diseases is an increasingly important issue in Japan, because not only have the number of patients with life-style related diseases increased but also medical care costs. This paper gives recent strategies for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases through life-style modification. Health objectives for the year 2010, called "Healthy Japan 21", were established in 2000 by the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare and the Health Promotion Act was enacted in 2002 to promote this health policy. However, the prevention efforts for life-style related diseases have not been effective in regard to the evaluation of the strategy objectives. The reform of the medical care system which included a new nationwide prevention strategy for life-style related diseases was presented in 2006. The new strategy starting from April 2008 included a "specific health checkup" and "specific health education" for those with metabolic syndrome. The specific health checkup is used to screen people according to criteria of the metabolic syndrome and divide them into 3 groups. These groups will receive specific health education. The purpose of this strategy is the early detection of those who have cardiovascular risk factors, and the early management of the clustering of cardiovascular risk factors of obese people aged 40-74 years old. It is mandatory for every insurer to conduct a specific health checkup and specific health education under the new Act. The implementation rate of the specific health checkup and the specific health education, and a reduction rate of individuals with metabolic syndrome among insured people will be evaluated every year. The national objective is to increase the rate of those undergoing the specific health checkup to 80% and the rate of those receiving the specific health education to 60% by the year 2015. The national objective also targeted a reduction rate of 25% for those with metabolic syndrome. This new strategy will be the biggest intervention trial in the world, and it will produce a big health care market in Japan. Not only public administrative institutions but also private institutions are now preparing to take part in this new strategy. However, various tasks remain, such as training more professionals in health education, developing more evidence based practices, and encouraging cooperation with various sectors, to enforce this new strategy.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.503-510
• /
• 2023

Occupational safety obligations are also applied to on-the-job workers in the education field, and as the work that the education system was not prepared for approaches to reality, difficulties in responding arise and at the same time, it is necessary to establish a safety and health management system at universities. In this study, through a group survey of university safety officials, the application of the Industrial Safety and Health Act, the Serious Accident Punishment Act, the Higher Education Act, and the Laboratory Safety Act, which are closely related to university safety and health management, was identified, and the issues identified as problems were effectively addressed by the university. A plan to improve safety management was suggested.

• The Korean Society of Law and Medicine
• /
• v.20 no.3
• /
• pp.211-233
• /
• 2019

The 「Health Care Workforce Support Act」 was came into effect on 29 October 2019. Health care workforce is the most important national health resource, and the quantity and quality of them is also related to the level of national health care. This study examined the background and major contents of this Act and suggested future improvement by analyzing main issues. Th e Act was enacted to support the health care workforce for their recruitment and better working environment. By stipulating the establishment of the master plan, management of the supply and demand, improvement of working environment for health care workforce, the act contributed to raise the quality of health service and health promotion. Given that the act was developed in consideration to support of health care workers, it has many meanings. However, it is necessary to reexamine the above-mentioned five issues in order to develop the effective law while utilizing the significance of the law for health care workforce support and has to revise as soon as possible.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
• /
• v.59 no.1
• /
• pp.47-53
• /
• 2021

Echinostoma mekongi was reported as a new species in 2020 based on specimens collected from humans in Kratie and Takeo Province, Cambodia. In the present study, its metacercarial stage has been discovered in Filopaludina martensi cambodjensis snails purchased from a local market nearby the Tonle Sap Lake, Pursat Province, Cambodia. The metacercariae were fed orally to an experimental hamster, and adult flukes were recovered at day 20 post-infection. They were morphologically examined using light and scanning electron microscopes and molecularly analyzed by sequencing of their mitochondrial cox1 and nad1 genes. A total of 115 metacercariae (1-8 per snail) were detected in 60 (60.0%) out of 100 Filopaludina snails examined. The metacercariae were round, 174 ㎛ in average diameter (163-190 ㎛ in range), having a thin cyst wall, a head collar armed with 37 collar spines, and characteristic excretory granules. The adult flukes were elongated, ventrally curved, 7.3 (6.4-8.2)×1.4 (1.1-1.7) mm in size, and equipped with 37 collar spines on the head collar (dorsal spines in 2 alternating rows), being consistent with E. mekongi. In phylogenetic analyses, the adult flukes showed 99.0-100% homology based on cox1 sequences and 98.9-99.7% homology based on nad1 sequences with E. mekongi. The results evidenced that F. martensi cambodjensis snails act as the second intermediate host of E. mekongi, and hamsters can be used as a suitable experimental definitive host. As local people favor to eat undercooked snails, these snails seem to be an important source of human infection with E. mekongi in Cambodia.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
• /
• v.23 no.4
• /
• pp.29-45
• /
• 2006

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the distribution of stages of adoption in stomach cancer screening and elucidate differences among stages. Methods: A randomly selected sample of 712 Korean males and females aged 40 years or over were interviewed. Stomach cancer screening intention and behavior, sociodemographic characteristics, beliefs, self-efficacy and reinforcing characteristics were assessed. Results: The majority of participants were not on-schedule screening(unaware 3.2%, unengaged 20.8%, deciding about acting 24.0%, decided not to act 9.6%, decided to act 14.5%, acting 9.7%, maintenance 18.3%). Perceived susceptibility, perceived barriers, self-efficacy, other cancer screening experiences were significantly associated with higher compared to lower Precaution Adoption Process Model(PAPM) stages. Conclusions: This study appears to be applicable of the Precaution Adoption Process Model to understanding stomach cancer screening behavior. Our results suggest that it is needed to develop the tailored message for adherence of stomach cancer screening.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
• /
• v.46 no.2
• /
• pp.98-108
• /
• 2021

Objectives: This study aimed to describe the current public programs for community walking in Korea and to discuss their challenges. Method: We identified the literature related to community walking including five laws, 22 white papers from government departments and 84 program reports from the Seoul Metropolitan Government. Results: Korean law guarantees legal rights and validity to create safe, convenient and equitable environments for community walking. The government department, which has jurisdiction over legislation relating to community walking, has dominated community walking programs, and the role of public health department has been insufficient. Almost all sectors in the department of Seoul Metropolitan Government were involved in community walking programs. However, inter-sectoral cooperation system for community walking was insufficient. Conclusion: It is necessary to revise the condolences of the National Health Promotion Act to establish the role and perspective of public health in community walking promotion. Institutional efforts should be made to expand the network structure between sectors of community walking programs by establishing an organizational, budget, and performance sharing system for inter-sectoral approach.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
• /
• v.37 no.4
• /
• pp.747-757
• /
• 2017

Of safety check regulation, 'Construction Technology Promotion Act' and 'Special Act on the Safety Control of Public Structures' contain provisions about the content of safety in construction works and the items of safety checks in the maintenance aspect and thus contribute to accident prevention in the construction industry. Of the regulations responsible for the practical safety of workers, the safety check regulation of Ministry of Employment and Labor demand for safety check from the start of construction based on an agreement with a concerned agency to the completion of construction solely based on 'Guidance Standards for the Specialized Disaster Prevention Instruction in Article 32 of Occupational Safety and Health Act' and 'Appropriation and Usage Standards of Safety and Health Management Costs in the Construction Industry'. There is, however, a huge gap, as well, in them according to client agencies. In small construction sites ordered by a private organization, checks are done formally with no detailed regulations. As a result, the costs of checks continue to drop with only the contract kept intact. This study examined the forms of safety checks practically done in the Jeju region, distinguished and compared them by the construction costs, calculated proper costs based on each construction act, and further proposed improvement measures for the detailed regulations.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
• /
• v.33 no.5
• /
• pp.84-91
• /
• 2018

Despite the government 's efforts to reduce constructional disasters, it has been pointed out that the safety management cost of the Construction Technology Promotion Act does not reflect the actual site. Therefore, it is necessary to study the proper guideline of the safety management cost which can be used as the most fundamental measure to prevent construction accidents. Moreover for the securement of the reasonable safety management costs, it is important to calculate its appropriate rate. Thus, in this study, the appropriate rate of safety management cost was proposed by the construction cost & type based on the 111 execution plans of safety management cost, and the rate is analyzed to be 1/10 of the occupational safety and health management cost. The results of this study will be a guideline in improvement to the proper schedule rating system improvement and in implement of pilot projects.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
• /
• v.9 no.4
• /
• pp.543-548
• /
• 2023

Korea has achieved great economic growth, but the high rate of accidents in the industry still threatens the safety of workers and causes a lot of property loss. In order to lower the accident rate, the Occupational Safety and Health Act was fully revised in April 2020 and safety management was strengthened, but the number of deaths rather increased. In response, the government and the National Assembly implemented the Serious Accident Punishment Act in January 2022, but the effect has not been confirmed. So, this study conducted a questionnaire survey on how the safety awareness of construction site workers and managers was affected after the Serious Accident Punishment Act. and suggested measures to improve safety management.