• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.385-392
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• 2023

The smart tourism service provides tourists with personal travel planner services and context-awareness-based tour guide services. In this paper, we propose the personal travel planner service that creates my travel itinerary using the smart tourism app and the travel planner system. The smart tourism app provides recommended travel products and POI tourist information used to create my travel itinerary. The smart tourism app also provides the smart tourism chatbot service that allows users to select POI tourist information easily and conveniently. The travel planner system consists of the smart tourism information system and the smart tourism chatbot system. The smart tourism information system provides users with travel planner services, recommended travel products, and POI tourism information through the smart tourism app. The smart tourism chatbot system consists of named entity recognition (NER), dialogue state tracking (DST), and Neo4J servers, and provides chatbot services as a smart tourism app. Users can create their own travel itinerary, modify the travel itinerary while traveling, and then register it as a recommended travel product to users, including acquaintances.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.45-52
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• 2010

This study has been carried out to estimate carbon contents in an average 40-years-old Pinus koraiensis plantations and an average 37-years-old Larix leptolepis plantations in Gongju, Chungnam Province. Average carbon concentration in stemwood, stembark, branches, needles, and root were 54.31% in Pinus koraiensis and 53.49% in Larix leptolepis stands. Carbon contents was estimated by the equation model logWt=A+BlogD where Wt is oven-dry weight in kg and D is DBH in cm. Total carbon contents was 103.38tC/ha in Pinus koraiensis stands and 96.59tC/ha in Larix leptolepis stands. Net primary carbon production was estimated at 8.79tC/ha/yr in Pinus koraiensis stands and 11.42tC/ha/yr in Larix leptolepis stands.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.202-205
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• 2017

The potential risk of heavy metals and residual pesticides in imported sawdust media inoculated with oak mushroom cultures is a concern for safe mushroom production in Korea. To obtain preliminary data for a sound analysis of this risk, this study was undertaken to analyze the presence of heavy metals and residual pesticides in the oak mushroom media imported from six different regions in China, between 2013 and 2015. Lead, arsenic, chrome, mercury, and cadmium were analyzed; arsenic, chrome, and mercury were not detected. Lead was detected in the imported oak mushroom media from Jinlin, Shandong, Liaoning, and Tianjin. The detection level of lead ranged from 1.7 to 3.2 mg/kg. Cadmium was detected at a level of 0.028 to 0.037 mg/kg in the media from Shandong and Liaoning. No residual pesticides were detected in any of the samples.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.31 no.8
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• pp.653-662
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• 2007

Fishing vessel insurance of National Federation of Fisheries Cooperatives indemnifies the assured against marine losses by reason of maritime perils, that is to say, perils of the seas, sinking, stranding, collision, extraordinary action of winds waves and fire, damage, salvage. Therefore this insurance is a rational protective measures for preserving fishermen's property by the exposure to maritime perils. But there may be some problems on the perils covered by fishing vessel insurance clauses bemuse these clauses are not clearly and accurately prescribed in part. Especially where the assured may claim payment from fortuitous accidents or casualties of the seas musing the loss, they used to raise a question in argument about the ambiguity of these clauses. So these problems may need to be reformed for the purpose of preventing or decreasing those of the assured, the fishermen. After drawing out some problems on the perils covered by fishing vessel insurance clauses, this thesis will suggest the improving schemes on the perils covered by these clauses.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.44 no.5
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• pp.1181-1194
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• 2024

This study assessed and compared meat quality and fiber characteristics of longissimus lumborum (LL), psoas major (PM), and semimembranosus muscles among Hanwoo (HW), Jeju black (BL), and their crossbred (BH) cattle. Twelve carcasses from each breed (36 in total) were used in this study. BL and BH had higher moisture and crude ash contents and lower crude fat and protein contents than HW, regardless of the muscle type. BL had higher CIE a^*, cooking loss, and shear force values than did the other breeds for all muscle types. The muscle fiber size (cross-sectional area) of BL and BH was larger than that of HW for all muscle types. Type IIX was the dominant muscle fiber type in both BL and BH, regardless of muscle type; however, HW had the highest composition of type I compared to the other types (IIA, IIAX, and IIX) in PM. Higher total fiber density was observed in the LL and PM muscles of HW than in those of BL and BH. Meat quality and muscle fiber characteristics of BL and BH were distinct from those of HW.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.22 no.7
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• pp.252-258
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• 2022

Ukraine has a significant in quantity and unique in quality parameters, in particular, the level of education, a resource - the labor force, which, along with natural resources, can serve as the basis for economic growth and the achievement of sustainable development goals. The study is aimed at a thorough identification of the main factors influencing the formation and use of the labor force in Ukraine, including by comparing with the indicators of the EU countries, before the start of the active phase of military aggression by the Russian Federation. It was found that until February 24, 2022, there were negative trends in the change in the quantitative and qualitative indicators of the labor force due to the demographic crisis, the transformation of the national economy and shortcomings in state regulation of labor market development processes. The military actions not only exacerbated pre-existing problems, but also led to the emergence of new ones. A significant number of refugees and internally displaced persons, with the termination of the activities of half of the economic entities, provoked a sharp increase in real unemployment and a decrease in wages. The specific problem of the labor market of Ukraine - the "labor crisis", which has and will have a significant impact on the labor force, is carefully considered.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.26 no.3 s.43
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• pp.430-441
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• 1993

The objectives of this study are two-fold : to identify geographic variations in the rate of tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy (T&A) and appendectomy and analyze the socioeconomic variables and health resources which affect geographic variation in the rate. The nationwide three month's cases of the two surgical procedures in 1991 are obtained from the record of the National Federation of Medical Insurance. The analysis shows two to ten-fold variations in the regional rates for the performance of two common procedures such as T&A and appendectomy. T&A shows a bigger regional variations than appendectomy. As a result of multiple regression, the factor of bed supply has been found significant for the dependent variable of the rate of T&A. The finding of large variations in the rate of surgical procedures throughout the country would have important implications for allocating scarce resources and managing quality of care. Further analysis is needed for the elaboration of the above implications.

• The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
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• no.spc
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• pp.247-270
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• 2007

Space development and utilization must be conducted within a framework of "peaceful uses" principle under Space Treaty. Japan ratified the treaty in 1967, and interpreted "peaceful uses" as "non-military uses" then. A ghost of "peaceful uses" principle has been hung over Japan up to the moment. Japan's space development and utilization has been conducted with genuine academic interest, and therefore Japan did not introduce space infrastructures to national security policy and did not facilitate growth of space industry. When the Cold War ended, Northeast Asian security environment makes Japan difficult to maintain an interpretation as "non-military uses". Besides the change of external security environment, the domestic industry situation and a series of rocket launching failure needed reexamination of Japan's space policy. Japan is gradually changing its space policy, and introducing space infrastructure in a national security policy under a "generalization" theory that gave a broad interpretation of "peaceful uses" principle. Council for Science and Technology Policy (CSTP) adopted a basic strategy of Japan's space policy in 2004. Since then, a long-term report of Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), an investigation report of Society of Japanese Aerospace Companies (SJAC) and a proposal of Japan Business Federation (JSF) were followed. Japan will promote space development and utilization in national security policy with a "strictly defensive defense" strategy and "non-aggressive uses"principle for protection of life and property of Japanese people and stabilization of East Asian countries.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.137-148
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• 2012

During investigating of shiitake mushroom competitors, 289 isolates of Trichoderma spp. were collected from shiitake mushroom farms in different districts and the Forest Mushroom Research Center of Korea, among which 29 representative strains were selected. Based on the DNA sequences of the rpb2 and tef1 genes and the ITS rDNA, and their morphological characteristics, they were identified as T. atroviride, T. citrinoviride, T. harzianum, T. longibrachiatum, and two undescribed species, Trichoderma spp. 1 and 2, which are considered to be the candidate of new species. Competition tests between Lentinula edodes (Sanjo302) and the Trichoderma species indicated that the six species of Trichoderma were significantly different from each other in terms of their ability to invade the mycelial blocks of shiitake. In both of dual cultures on potato dextrose agar and sawdust media, Trichoderma spp. 1 and 2 strongly invaded the mycelial blocks of shiitake. Our results suggest that the two Trichoderma species may cause potentially serious economic losses in shiitake cultivation of Korea.

• Journal of Practical Agriculture & Fisheries Research
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.185-202
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• 2011

As a result of survey the dealings amounts of agricultural products in the public management wholesale market from 1997 to 2009 for 13 years, that makes composted of 54,706 tons in 1997, 130,345 tons in 2003 by increasing 238%, that is resulted of about 20% increase every year. As a result of survey the dealings money of agricultural products in the public management wholesale market from 1997 to 2009 for 13 years, that makes composted of 168,074 million won in 1997, 323,232 million won in 2003 by increasing 192%, that is resulted of about 16% increase every year. It has corelation with dealings amounts and money each other, also appeals to transition without discrimination, but making high amounts than money. It is divided into excellent, good and poor products according to freshness, pileus size, color and stem length to forwarding method field survey in farm produce wholesale market.