• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.387-392
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• 2011

Enzymes are being used in various fields due to their unique property of substrate specificity. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) has enabled the detection of various antigens by reporting the binding event of antigen and antibody via enzyme-catalyzed reaction. However, the sensitivity improvement of conventional ELISA has been limited because only one enzyme molecule is conjugated to one molecule of antibody. To overcome this limitation and further improve the sensitivity of ELISA, there have been efforts to increase the number ratio of enzymes to antibody. Recently, the nanobiocatalytic approaches, with their successful enzyme stabilization, improved the performance stability as well as sensitivity in a modified protocol of ELISA. The present paper introduces the basic principle of ELISA, and the recent efforts to improve sensitivity and performance stability of ELISA by using the nanobiocatalytic approaches.