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Studies on the Tissue Culture of Korean-Ginseng III. Effects of NAA on the Callus Induction and Organ Differentiation trom Korean-ginseng Explants (고려인삼의 조직배양에 관한 연구 제3보 NAA가 인삼 Callus의 유기 및 기관의 변화에 미치는 영향)

  • 조재성
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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    • v.26 no.1
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    • pp.110-114
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    • 1981
  • These experiments were carried out to define the effects of NAA, 2, 4-D and Benzyladenine on the callus induction and the organ differentiation from the explants and to find out the vegetative propagation method of Korean ginseng. The results obtained are summarized as follows; 1. NAA was significantly effective in forming roots from the ginseng stem segment and the number of roots was increased by increasing NAA concentration in the medium. The roots were formed from both distal and proximal ends of the ginseng stem segments grown on the medium containing more than 2mg/L of NAA. 2. The amount of callus growth increased proportionatly with NAA concentration in the range of 4.0mg per liter in the medium. The callus was easly induced from stem segment than leaf segment and 2, 4-D was more effective in callus induction and growth than NAA. 3. The benzyladenine showed the significant inhibition effect in forming roots from ginseng explant. The callus was not induced with BA alone, but in BA and 2, 4-D or BA and NAA added medium, the callus was easily induced and its growth was also accelerated. The interaction effects between 2, 4-D and BA on the callus induction and growth were significantly higher than those between NAA and BA. 4. As the ginseng embryos were cultured on the M.S. medium supplemented with 2mg per liter NAA, number of shoots was significantly increased and the percentage of embryo which had shown more than 4 shoots later was 22.2%. On the medium containing 8mg per liter NAA, the ginseng embryo showed the normal growth of shoots and leaves, but increased roots and callus induction on the basal part of shoots. 5. When the shoots with 3 leaflets were cut in 1.5cm long and grown on the Blayde's medium containing NAA 1.0mg per liter, roots were formed at the proximal end of shoot, and a new ginseng seedling was successfully obtained.

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Effects of the Phytohormones on the Organ Differentiation and the Callus Induction from the Meristem Tip and the Segments of the Leaf and Stem of Potato by in vitro Culture (기내배양시 몇가지 생장조절물질이 감자의 생장점 및 경엽조직편으로부터의 Callus 및 기관분화에 미치는 영향)

  • 김충수;조재성;최창열
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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    • v.26 no.4
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    • pp.344-349
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    • 1981
  • This study was conducted to define the effect of 2.4-D, NAA, Benzyladenine, and basic mediums on the callus induction and the organ differentiation from the meristem tips and the stem and leaf segments of the potato. Benzyladenine promoted the induction and growth of shoot from the meristem tip of potato but inhibited initiation of roots and induction of callus. At higher concentration of NAA than 0.5 ppm and of 2.4-D than 1.0 ppm the shoots were not initiated but the callus was induced from the meristem. The callus growth was significantly promoted on the medium containing NAA than 2.4-0. The initiation and growth of the shoots from the potato meristem was significantly increased in the medium containing 2.4-D and BA, or NAA and BA, compared with those containing BA, NAA or 2.4-D alone. The callus was more easily induced from the stem segments than the leaf segments of potato. And the 2.4-D was more effective for the induction and growth of the callus than the NAA. MS medium diluted its concentration to 1/2 was more suitable for the initiation and growth of the shoots from the potato meristem than the MS standard medium. For the initiation and growth of the shoots from the potato meristem, the most desirable medium was the diluted MS medium containing 1.0 ppm BA and 0.1 ppm NAA or 0.1 ppm 2.4-D.

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Effects of Cytokinin and Auxin on Organ Formation in Leaf Scale Tissue of Allium Sativum L. (Cytokinin과 Auxin이 Allium Sativum L.의 인엽배양(鱗葉培養)에서 기관(器官)의 분화(分化)에 미치는 영향(影響))

  • Park, Kyeong Han;Lee, Yeong Bok
    • Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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    • v.7 no.2
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    • pp.65-76
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    • 1980
  • In order to determine the effects of cytokinin and auxin on organ formation from tissue of garlic cloves, leaf blades and basal tissues contained meristem of garlic (Allium sativum L.) cloves harvested in 1979 (old cloves) and 1980 (new cloves) were explanted on a MS medium contained various levels of BA ($N^6$-benzyl amino purine), NAA (naphthalene acetic acid), and 2, 4-D (2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid). And some of the new cloves were explanted on a media contained BA and NAA after chilling treatment at $4^{\circ}C$ for 10, 20, 30 and 40 days. 1. In a culture of leaf blades of old cloves, shoots were differentiated on a medium supplemented with 2mg/l of BA and NAA. 2. Callus was grown as a quite straw-coloured globular mass on a medium contained 0.2 or 2mg/l 2.4-D. 3. As subcultures of globular calli, shoots and roots were differentiated on a medium contained 2mg/l BA and 0.5 or 1 mg/l NAA, whereas no shoots was shown on a conterol. 4. Shoots were differentiated in a culture of leaf blades of new cloves, but they were not in an old cloves in control, and better effect was shown on a medium contained 2mg/l BA and 1mg/l NAA. However shoots were no differentiated from leaf blades chilled at $4^{\circ}C$ for 30 or 40 days at the same condition. 5. Large numbers of adventitious shoots could be obtained from basal region of garlic cultured on a medium contained 1mg/l BA and 4mg/l NAA, or 2mg/l BA and 2mg/l NAA.

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Callus Initiation and Organ Formation from in vitro Culture of Pelargonium spp. (In Vitro Culture에 의한 Pelargonium spp.의 Callus 유도 및 기관분화에 관하여)

  • Lee, Chun-Ha;Chung, Hae-Joon
    • The Journal of Natural Sciences
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    • v.4
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    • pp.143-159
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    • 1991
  • In order to investigate the micropropagation of Pelargonium, 2 cultivars of P. peltatum 'Pouletta' and P. zonale 'Pinto Red' were cultured in vitro on the MS basal medium supplemented with various concentrations of growth regulators. It attempted to study the induction of callus and the differentiation of organs from leaf disc, petiole segments, stem segments. hypocotyle segments and flower stalk segments. The results are summarized as follows; A. As for the initiation of callus, stem explant was proved to be the most suitable one among various explants of P. zonale 'Pinto Red'. The medium was supplemented with 1.0mg/1 BAP and 1.0mg/1 NAA. As NAA concentration increased, callus formation was enhanced, but higher concentration of NAA inhibited callus fromation. Leaf and hypocotyle explants showed less callus formation than stem and petiole explants. B. In P. zonale 'Pinto Red' petiole culture, the condition of cullus culture such as hormone concentration resulted in affecting shoots differentiation. The best result of shoots formation from the callus reculture were obtained from the combination of 0.5-1.0mg/1 BAP and 0.1-1.0mg/1 NAA when the callus was cultured in 1.0mg/1 BAP and 0.05mg/1 NAA. When the callus was cultured in medium without BAP, the shoot was not differentiated in subculture regardless to BAP and NAA concentration. and only callus was formed. C. Poly-phenol substance was observed in MS medium supplemented without PVP, in which callus was not formed from the leaf of P. peltatum 'Rouletta'. Polyphenol substance was not observed in MS medium supplemented with PVP, in which callus formation was increased. D. The callus formation of P. peltatum 'Rouletta' showed the stem explant being best result. The best result particularly in the stem explant among others. The optimal hormonal concentration was 0.1mg/1 NAA and 5.0mg/1 BAP. The shoot formation was observed at 0.05mg/1 NAA and 1.0mg/1 BAP, 0.1mg/1 NAA and 5.0mg/1 BAP. The shoot was malformed and the tissue recultured turned necrotic.

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The Effect of Plant Hormones and Light Quality on the Invertase Activity in Maize (Zea mays L.) and Mung Bean (Phaseolus radiatus L.) (옥수수와 녹두의 Invertase Isozymes 활성에 미치는 식물호르몬 및 광선의 효과)

  • Lee, Lee,Dong-Hee;Hong, Hong,Jung-Hee;Kim, Yeong-Sang
    • Journal of Environmental Science International
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    • v.4 no.4
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    • pp.21-21
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    • 1995
  • The effects of plant hormones (NAA, $GA_3$ and BA) and light qualities (white, red, green and blue light) on the changes of reducing sugar contents and invertase isozyme activities in leaves of maize (Zea mars L.) and mung bean (Phseolw radiatus L.) seedlings were investigated. NAA accelerated the increase of reducing sugar contents and invertase isozyme activities, on the contrary, $GA_3$ had little effect in the accumulation of reducing sugar and in the increase of enzyme activities from the leaves of maize and mung bean seedlings. On the other hand, BA accelerated an increase in the activities of the invertase isozyme from the leaves of mung bean seedlings whereas it had little effect in the increase of the enzyme activities from those of maize seedlings. The accumulation of reducing sugar in leaves of both seedlings was promoted by red light irradiation compared to white light irradiation, while the activities of the enzyme were little affected by various light Qualities. In the simultaneous applications of plant hormone and light quality, NAA with white light was very effective in the increase of reducing sugar contents and the enzyme activities from the leaves of mung bean seedlings, whereas NAA application with blue light showed a prominent enhancement in the reducing sugar contents and the enzyme activities from those of maize seedlings. These results suggest that plant hormone, particularly NAA, may be a more important factor than various light Qualities in the stimulation of invertase activity.

The Effect of Plant Hormones and Light Quality on the Invertase Activity in Maize (Zea mays L.) and Mung Bean (Phaseolus radiatus L.) (옥수수와 녹두의 Invertase Isozymes 활성에 미치는 식물호르몬 및 광선의 효과)

  • Lee, Dong-Hee;Hong, Jung-Hee;Kim, Young-Sang
    • Journal of Environmental Science International
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    • v.4 no.4
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    • pp.323-333
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    • 1995
  • The effects of plant hormones (NAA, $GA_3$ and BA) and light qualities (white, red, green and blue light) on the changes of reducing sugar contents and invertase isozyme activities in leaves of maize (Zea mars L.) and mung bean (Phseolw radiatus L.) seedlings were investigated. NAA accelerated the increase of reducing sugar contents and invertase isozyme activities, on the contrary, $GA_3$ had little effect in the accumulation of reducing sugar and in the increase of enzyme activities from the leaves of maize and mung bean seedlings. On the other hand, BA accelerated an increase in the activities of the invertase isozyme from the leaves of mung bean seedlings whereas it had little effect in the increase of the enzyme activities from those of maize seedlings. The accumulation of reducing sugar in leaves of both seedlings was promoted by red light irradiation compared to white light irradiation, while the activities of the enzyme were little affected by various light Qualities. In the simultaneous applications of plant hormone and light quality, NAA with white light was very effective in the increase of reducing sugar contents and the enzyme activities from the leaves of mung bean seedlings, whereas NAA application with blue light showed a prominent enhancement in the reducing sugar contents and the enzyme activities from those of maize seedlings. These results suggest that plant hormone, particularly NAA, may be a more important factor than various light Qualities in the stimulation of invertase activity.

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Studies on the Mass-Propagation of Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) by In-vitro Culture. I. Effects of Phytohormons on the Callus Induction and the Organ Differentiation from Potato Meristem tip (기내배양에 의한 감자(Solanum tuberosum L.)의 대량번식(大量繁殖)에 관한 연구(硏究) I. 몇가지 생장조절물질(生長調節物質)이 생장점(生長點)으로부터의 Callus 및 기관분화(器官分化)에 미치는 영향(影響))

  • Kim, Choong Soo;Jo, Jae Seong;Choi, Chang Yeol
    • Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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    • v.7 no.2
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    • pp.59-64
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    • 1980
  • These experiments were carried out to define the effects of 2.4-D, NAA and Benzyladenine on the differentiation and growth of the organs and the induction of callus from the potato meristem. The results were summarized as follows ; 1. The differentiation and growth of the shoots from the potato meristem was promoted in increased concentration of Benzyladenine but the callus was not induced on the M.S. medium containing Benzyladenine. 2. On the M.S. medium containing NAA 0.5 mg/l or higher concentration of NAA, the shoots were not initiated but the callus were induced from potato meristem. The growth of callus was promoted in increased concentration of NAA. 3. The roots were initiated from 50% of potato meristems planted on the M.S. medium containing more than 0.1 mg/l of NAA but the roots were pot initiated on the medium containing 2.4-D. 4. The shoot growth was significantly increased by increasing of 2.4-D concentration up to 0.1 mg/l, but the shoots were not initiated on the medium containing 2.4-D more than 1.0 mg/l. 5. For the induction and growth of the callus from potato meristem, NAA was more effective than 2.4-D and the most effective medium was M.S. medium supplemented with 2.0 mg/l of NAA. 6. The M.S. mediums supplemented with BA 2.0 mg/l and NAA 0.1 mg/l or BA 1.0 mg/l and 2.4-D 0.1 mg/l showed good results for entire plant regeneration from potato meristem.

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Plant Regeneration from Callus Cultures of Black Locust(Robinia pseudoacacia L.) (아까시나무 (Robinia pseudoacacia L.)의 callus 배양에 의한 식물체 재분화)

  • Woo, Jong Ho;Choi, Myung Suk;Park, Young Goo
    • Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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    • v.84 no.2
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    • pp.145-150
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    • 1995
  • A plant regeneration system using shoot basal callus of in vitro cultured black locust(Robinia pseudoacacia L.) was established. Shoot basal callus was induced on MS medium supplemented with BA, or NAA, and mere more proliferated on BA containing medium than NAA containing medium at both light and dark conditions. Shoot basal callus was induced during shoot multiplication procedure. Two types of callus, green colored callus and whitish-yellow colored callus, were cultured on mMS medium containing 2.0 mg/l BA and 0.5 mg/l NAA. Green colored callus showed the shoot regeneration ability while whitish-yellow callus failed to regenerate shoot and died. Regenerated shoot were rooted on hormone-free ${\frac{1}{2}}MS$ medium within 2 weeks.

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In Vitro Studies on Pinus koraiensis (I) - Establishment and Growth of Callus - (잣나무의 기내배양(器內培養)에 관(關)한 연구(硏究) (I) - Callus 의 유발(誘發)과 생장(生長) -)

  • Park, Young Goo;Kim, Oue Ryong
    • Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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    • v.59 no.1
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    • pp.51-56
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    • 1983
  • Embryo tissue from Pinus koraiensis was established in culture on G.D. and W.S. basal medium supplemented with the auxin (NAA, 2,4-D, IBA) and kinetin. The various combinations of growth regulators were studied in order to determine the specific requirements of the callus tissue in vitro. The inorganic nutrient combination of G.D. medium was found to be better than that of W,S. medium. G,D. basal medium supplemented with 0.1 ppm NAA and 0.1 ppm kinetin was the most successful nutrient combination for the growth of callus induced from the embryo of P. koraiensis.

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Analysis of Trace Elements in Mud Flat with Neutron Activation Analysis (NAA) and Atomic Spectroscopy (중성자 방사화 분석법과 원자 분광법을 이용한 갯벌 시료 중 미량원소 분석법에 관한 연구)

  • Nam, Sang-Ho;Kim, Min-Jae;Chung, Yong-Sam;Kim, Sun-Ha
    • Analytical Science and Technology
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    • v.15 no.6
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    • pp.521-528
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    • 2002
  • Neutron Activation Analysis (NAA) and Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES) have been applied for the determination of inorganic elements in mud flat of south seaside in Korea. The analytical results of Al, Ca, Fe, Mg, K and Na by NAA were compared with those by ICP-AES. The results show that NAA is superior to ICP-AES for the determination of minor elements in sediment. Accordingly, NAA will play an important role in the analysis of environment samples such as mud flat and sediment having complex matrix.