• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.446-453
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• 1995

$\alpha $-Arabinofuranosidase was produced by E. coli HB101 haboring the recombinant plasmid pKMG11 which contained the arfI gene of Bacillus stearothermophilus. The maximum production of the enzyme was observed when E. coli HB101 cells were grown at 37$\circ$C for 20 hours in the medium containing 0.5% arabinose, 1.0% tryptone, 0.5% yeast extract, and 1% NaCl. The $\ALPHA $-arabinofuranosidase produced was purified to homogeneity using a combination of 20-50% ammonium sulfate precipitation, DEAE-Sepharose CL-6B ion exchange column chromatography and Sepharose 6B-100 gel filtration. The purified enzyme was most active at 55$\circ$C and pH 6.5. The K$_{m}$ and V$_{max}$ values of the enzyme on $\rho $-nitrophenyl-$\alpha $-arabinofuranoside was determined to be 2.99 mM and 0.43 $\mu $mole/min (319.74 $\mu $mole/min/mg), respectively. The pI value was 4.5. The molecular weight of the native protein was estimated to be 289 kDa. The SDS-polyacrylamide gel clectrophoresis analysis suggested that the functional protein was a trimer of the 108 kDa identical subunits. The N-terminal amino acid sequence of the a-arabinofuranosidase was identified as X-Ser-Thr-Ala-Pro-Arg( \ulcorner )-Ala-Thr-Met-Val-Ile-Asp-X-Ala-Phe.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.62-65
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• 1996

A homologous series of twenty, hitherto unreported, analogues of 5-halosubstituted $1, 3-Bis(\omega-cyanoalkyl)uracil$acyclic nucleosides were synthesized by the series of alkylation reactions of 5-halouracils with the corresponding chloroacetonitrile, chloropropionitrile, chlorobutyronitrile and 5-chlorovaleronitrile $(Cl-(C_ 2)_n-CN: n=l, 2, 3, 4)\; in\; anhydrous\; DMSO\; (or DMF)/K_2CO_3(or NaH)\; under\; 75^{\circ}C$ temperature. Antitumor activities for the synthesized compounds were determined against three cell lines (FM-3A cell, P-388 cell and U-938 cell lines). The compounds that exhibited moderate activity to significant activity, included la-b, 2a-b, 3a-c, and 4a, whose compounds were active against P-388, FM-3A and U-937 cell lines with the compounds la, lb, and 2a, showing significant antitumor activity (inhibitory concentrations $(IC_{50})$ ranged from 2.2 to $7.0\mug/ml$). Their strucrure-activity relationship did not show any activity differences in their effective chain length (methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl) in 1, 3-bis(.omega.-cyanoalkyl) uracils.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.293-304
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• 2011

본 시험은 한국토종닭의 3원 교배가 생산성과 육질에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위해 수행되었다. 공시계는 국립축산과학원 축산자원개발부에서 보유하고 있는 한국토종닭 순종을 3원 교배하여 발생한 암수 병아리 540수와 백세미 180수를 이용하였다. 시험 설계는 A) CS${\times}$B, B) CH${\times}$S, C) RS${\times}$H, D) 백세미에서 발생된 4 교배종의 병아리를 각각 암수 구분하여, $4{\times}2$의 총 8교배종, 교배종당 9반복, 반복당 10수씩($4{\times}2{\times}9{\times}10$) 총 720수를 완전임의 배치하였다. 목표 체중에 도달했을 때(5주령과 10주령), 교배 조합에 따라 각각 수컷 9수씩 도축하여 도체율과 부분육(날개, 등, 목, 가슴, 다리) 비율을 조사하고 육질검사를 하였다. 수정율은 처리구간에 차이가 없었으며, 부화율은 B 교배종이 가장 낮게 나타났다. 체중은 5주령에 수컷의 체중이 높게 나타났으며(P<0.05), 증체량, 사료 요구율은 A 교배종이 가장 높았다(P<0.05). 도체율의 경우에는, 5주령에 A 교배종이 가장 높았으나(P<0.05), 10주령에는 교배종간 차이가 없었다. 부분육의 경우, 5주령시에는 C 교배종의 날개, 목, 가슴, 다리의 비율이 다른 교배종에 비해 낮았으나(P<0.05), 가슴 부위는 다른 교배종과 차이가 없었다(P>0.05). 10주령에는 A 교배종의 가슴 비율이 가장 높았으며(P<0.05), 다른 부분육의 비율은 교배종간 차이가 없었다(P<0.05). 5주령 계육의 화학적 성상을 보면, pH는 교배 조합 사이에서 유의차가 없었으며, 수분의 함량은 D 교배종, 단백질 함량은 B 교배종이 가장 높았다(P<0.05). 지방과 회분 함량은 교배 조합 사이에서 유의차가 없었다. 10주령의 계육의 화학적 성상은 pH가 A 교배 조합에서 가장 높았고, 수분, 지방, 단백질 및 회분 함량은 교배 조합 사이에서 차이가 없었다(P>0.05). 5주령의 육색은 명도($L^*$)와 적색도($a^*$)는 교배종간 차이가 없었으나, 10주령의 육색은 A 교배종의 적색도($a^*$)가 가장 높았다(P<0.05). 5주령에서 전단력과 가열 감량은 A 교배종이 높게 나타났으나(P<0.05). 10주령의 가열 감량은 A 교배종이 다른 교배종들에 비해 낮았다(P<0.05).

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제27권11호
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• pp.1809-1814
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• 2006

The L-Valinate anion coordinating zinc complex, [$Zn(val)_2(H-2O)$], was isolated and structurally characterized by single crystal X-ray crystallography. The crystal possess orthorhombic symmetry with a space group $P2_12_12_1$, Z = 4, and a = 7.4279(2)$\AA$, b = 9.4342(2)$\AA$, c =20.5862(7)$\AA$ respectively. The compound features a penta-coordinate zinc ion in which the two valine anion molecules are directly coordinating the central zinc metal ion via their N (amine) and O (carboxylate) atoms, and an additional coordination to zinc is made by water molecule (solvent) to form a distorted square pyramidal structure. In addition, further synthesis of the valine capped ZnS:Mn nanocrystal from the reaction of [$Zn(val)_2(H-2O)$] precursor with $Na_2S$ and 1.95 weight % of $Mn^{2+}$ dopant is described. Obtained valine capped nanocrystal was water dispersible and was optically characterized by UV-vis and solution PL spectroscopy. The solution PL spectrum for the valine capped ZnS:Mn nanocrystal showed an excitation peak at 280 nm and a very narrow emission peak at 558 nm respectively. The measured and calculated PL efficiency of the nanocrystal in water was 15.8%. The obtained powders were characterized by XRD, HR-TEM, and EDXS analyses. The particle size of the nanocrystal was also measured via a TEM image. The measured average particle size was 3.3 nm.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.411-420
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• 2016

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of drinking water containing trimethyl glycine or ascorbic acid on growth performance and blood parameter profiles of duck exposed to scorching heat stress. A total of 480 ducks were randomly assigned to the following eight experiment groups for 42 days : control group C with general water, treatment group 1 (T1) with drinking water containing 100 ppm ascorbic acid, treatment group 2 (T2) with drinking water containing 200 ppm ascorbic acid, treatment group 3 (T3) with drinking water containing 300 ppm ascorbic acid, treatment group 4 (T4) with drinking water containing 400 ppm trimethyl glycine, treatment group 5 (T5) with drinking water containing 800 ppm trimethyl glycine, treatment group 6 (T6) with drinking water containing 1,200 ppm trimethyl glycine, treatment group 7 (T7) with electrolytes of KCl (0.5%) + $NaHCO_3$ (1.0%)+NaCl (0.5%). Our results revealed that the body weights and feed intakes of treatment groups, especially T3 and T6, were increased compared to the control group, where as the feed conversion ratios of treatment groups were decreased (p<0.05). Blood levels of total cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL-C, glucose, AST, ALT and pH in treatment groups were lower compared to those in the control group (p<0.05). Blood levels of red blood cell, platelets profiles, electrolyte and gas in treatment groups were higher compared to those of the control group (p<0.05).

• 생명과학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.505-509
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• 2006

호기적으로 자란 Bacillus cereus KCTC 3674로 부터 조제된 막은 NADH만을 산화하고, deamino-NADH는 거의 산화하지 않았다. 호흡쇄와 연계된 NADH oxidase계는 $K_m$ 값이 약 $65\;{\mu}M$ 이였다. NADH:DCIP oxidoreductase의 활성은 $Na^+$또는 $K^+$에 의해 감소되었다. 그 최적 pH는 5.5 였다. NADH:DCIP oxidoreductase의 활성은 rotenone, capsaicin, $AgNO_3$와 같은 호흡저해제에는 매우 저항적 이 였지만, $40{\mu}M$ HQNO (2-heptyl-4-hydroxyquinoline-N-oxide) 존재하에서는 약 40% 저해되었다. 이들 결과로 부터, Bacillus cereus KCTC 3674의 호기적 호흡쇄와 연계된 NADH oxidase계는 energy coupling site가 결여된 HQNO-sensitive NADH:DCIP oxidoreductase를 소유하고 있는 것으로 추정된다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.1135-1138
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• 2009

Hollow Sn and Pb nanoparticles have been prepared by a rapid injection of an aqueous solution of $SnCl_2$- poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP, surfactant) and $Pb(OAc)_2${\cdot}$3H_2O-PVP$ into an aqueous solution of sodium borohydride (reducing agent) in simple, one-pot reaction at room temperature under an argon atmosphere, respectively. The two hollow nanoparticles have been fully characterized by TEM, HRTEM, SAED, XRD, and EDX analyses. Upon exposure to air, the black Pb hollow nanoparticles are gradually transformed into a mixture of Pb, litharge (tetragonal PbO), massicot (orthorhombic PbO), and $Pb_5O_8$. The order and speed of mixing of the reactants between the metal precursor-PVP and the reductant solutions and stoichiometry of all the reactants are crucial factors for the formation of the two hollow nanocrystals. The Sn and Pb hollow nanoparticles were produced only when 1:(1.5-2) and 1:3 ratios of the Sn and Pb precursors to $NaBH_4$ were employed with a rapid injection, respectively.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제20권6호
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• pp.560-565
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• 1997

The physicochemical properties of melatonin (MT) in propylene glycol (PG) and 2-hydroxypropyl-.betha.-cyclodextrin $(2-HP{\beta}CD)$ vehicles were characterized. MT was endothermally decomposed as determined by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Melting point and heat of fusion obtained were $116.9{\pm}0.24^{\circ}C $.and $7249{\pm}217 cal/mol$., respectively. MT as received from a manufacture was very pure, at least 99.9%. The solubility of MT in PG solution increased slowly until reaching 40% PG and then steeply increased. Solubility of MT increased linearly as concentration of $2-HP{\beta}CD$ without PG INCREASED$(R^2=0.993)$. MT solubility in the mixtures of pg and $2-HP{\beta}CD$ also increased linearly but was less than the sum of its solubility in $2-HP{\beta}CD$ and PG individually. The MT solubility was low in water, simulated gastric or intestinal fluid but the highest in the mixture of PG(40v/v%) and $2-HP{\beta}CD$ (30w/v%) although efficiency of MT solubilization in $2-HP{\beta}CD$ decreased as the concentration of PG increased. MT was degraded in a fashion of the first order kinetics $(r^2>0.90)$. MT was unstable in strong acidic solution (HCl-NaCl buffer, pH 1.4) but relatively stable in other pH values of 4-10 at $70^{\circ}C$. In HCl-NaCl buffer, MT in 10% PG was more quickly degraded and then slowed dpwm at a higher concentration. However, the degradation rate constant of MT in 2-HP.betha.CD was not changed significantly when compared to the water. The current studies can be applied to the dosage formulations for the purpose of enhancing percutaneous absorption or bioavailability of MT.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.416-422
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• 2004

본 연구에서는 전해 격막의 방식 및 재질, 전해액에 따른 전기분해수의 물리적 특성과 미생물의 표면살균 효과를 검토하였다. 격막 방식의 전기분해수 제조 시스템의 최적조건은 간극이 1.0mm, 20% NaCl 첨가량이 6mL/min 일 때 제조된 전기분해수의 물성치가 ORP 1,170mV 수준, HClO 함량 100ppm 수준, pH 2.5 수준으로 가장 우수하게 나타났으며, 1단 방식보다는 2단의 전기분해 방식이 물성 측면에서 우수함을 알 수 있었다. 무격막 방식의 전기분해수는 간극이 1.0mm, 20% NaCl 첨가량이 4mL/min 일 때 격막 방식의 최적조건과 가장 유사하게 나타났으나 차아염소산 함량은 132-266ppm 수준, pH는 9 수준으로 격막 방식과는 크게 달라지는 것을 알 수 있었다. 전극의 재질에 따른 성능을 평가한 결과, $IrO_{2}$ 및 Pt+Ir 재질의 극판이 산화환원전위 1,144-1,142mV 수준, 차아염소간 함량 190-235ppm 수준, pH 2.24-2.73으로 Pt 재질에 비해 물성치가 다소 높음을 볼 수 있으며 제조 수량도 가장 양호하게 나타났다. 전극판의 재질 특성에 따라 제조한 전기분해수의 미생물 살균효과는 Salmonella typhimurium을 제외한 나머지 3균주는 초기 $10^{7}-10^{9}CFU/mL$에서 30초 후에 모두 사멸되는 것으로 나타났으나, Salmonella typhimurium는 $IrO_{2}$ 재질에서는 1-2분 이내에 사멸되었다. 전해액으로 NaCl 및 $CaCl_{2}$, KCl을 사용하여 제조한 전기분해수의 ORP및 HClO 함량은 NaCl, KCl, $CaCl_{2}$ 순으로 높게 나타났으나 큰 차이는 없었으며, 미생물 사멸효과는 동일하게 나타났다.c}C$에서 발효한 비지장에서 glucose 함량이 높게 나타났다. 대두로 비지를 제조했을 때와 비지장의 발효과정 중 isoflavones 조성은 glucosides 함량은 감소하고 aglycones 함량은 증가하였으며 $40^{\circ}C$에서 발효한 비지장에서 그 증감의 폭이 컸다. 이상의 결과로부터 비지장의 맛과 인체 이용율에 바람직한 영향을 주는 요인이라 생각되는 ${\beta}-amylase$와 중성 protease 활성도, 단백질 분해율과 용해율, 유리 아미노산 총함량 및 조성, 환원당과 glucose 함량, genistein과 daidzein의 함량 등을 고려했을 때 품질이 우수한 비지장을 얻기 위해서는 $40^{\circ}C$에서 48시간 발효시키는 것이 바람직할 것으로 생각된다.. 환원당(還元糖)은 원기(元氣)가 가장 많고 도입(導入) 2호(號)가 가장 적었고 자당(蔗糖)은 칠복(七福)이 가장 많고 원기(元氣)가 가장 낮았으며 가용성전당(可溶性全糖)은 유심(琉心)이 가장 많고 천미(千美)가 가장 적었다. 3. 전단백질함량(全蛋白質含量)은 수원(水原) 147호(號)가 가장 높고 유심(琉心)이 가장 낮았으며 가용성단백질함량(可溶性蛋白質含量)은 칠복(七福)이 가장 높고 유심(琉心)이 가장 낮았으며 전단백질함량(全蛋白質含量)과 수용성단백질함량(水溶性蛋白質含量) 간(間)의 차이(差異)도 각각(各各) 상이(相異)하였다.& Inner part)의 순서등 5품종을 선정하였다. B. 숙성온도별 영향으로서 실온 $24{\sim}25^{\circ}C,\;30^{\circ}C,\;45^{\circ}C$ 별로 각 fine spirit에 oak chip을 넣고 숙성시킨 결과 $45^{\circ}C$에서 숙성시킨 것이 가장 숙성이 촉진 되었고

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.229-236
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• 2002

Objective : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of Cytochalasin B (CCB) on the cytoskeletal stability of mouse oocyte frozen by vitrification. Methods : Mouse oocytes retrieved from cycle stimulated by PMSG and hCG were treated by CCB and then vitrified in EFS-30. These oocytes were placed onto an EM grid and submerged immediately in liquid nitrogen. Thawing of the oocytes was carried out at room temperature for 5 seconds, then the EM grid was placed into 0.75 M, 0.5 M and 0.25 M sucrose at $37^{circ}C$ for 3 minutes, each. These oocytes were fixed in 4% formaldehyde for an hour and then washed in PPB for 15 minutes 3 times, then incubated in PPB containing anti-tubulin monoclonal antibody at $4^{circ}C$ overnight. And then, the oocytes were incubated with FITC-conjugated anti-mouse IgG and propidium iodide (PI) for 45 minutes. Pattern of microtubules and microfilaments of oocytes were evaluated with a confocal microscope. Results: The rate of oocytes containing normal microtubules and microfilaments was significantly decreased after vitrification. The rate of oocyte containing normal microtubules in CCB treated group was higher than those in non-treated group (53.7% vs. 48.9%), but the difference was not significant. The rate of oocyte containing normal microfilaments in CCB treated group was significantly higher than those in non-treated group (64.5% vs. 38.3%, p<0.05). Conclusion: Microfilaments stability could be improved by CCB treatment prior to vitrification. It is suggested that CCB treatment prior to vitrification improve stability of cytoskeleton and then increase success rate in IVF-ET program using vitrification and thawing oocyte.