• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.44 no.1
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• pp.68.4-68.4
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• 2019

It is inferred that many stars in the Galactic halo or bulge were once members of globular clusters (GCs), which are now dissolved. To distinguish the GC-originated stars, which can provide valuable information on the origin of the bulge and halo, from the in situ field stars, the Na abundance plays an important role. However, the interstellar Na in certain directions can unnecessarily enhance the estimate of the Na abundance from stellar spectra due to blended Na D lines unless the spectral resolution is very high, which allows to resolve the lines from the interstellar Na. In this study, we present a means of correcting the Na abundance affected by the interstellar Na in the low-resolution of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey stellar spectra.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.707-711
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• 1998

The (Na,K)ATPase is responsible for generating the ionic gradients and membrane potentials by the exchange of intracellular $Na^+$ for $K^+$. It has been recentl y shown that (Na,K)ATPase is involved in the exocytic pathway of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), although it is not known that bFGF is secreted to the outside of cell through direct interaction with (Na,K) ATPase. To understand the role for (Na,K)ATPase in the secretary pathway of bFGF, we have sought to identify the cytoplasmic domains of the alpha1 isoform of (Na,K)ATPase interacting with bFGF by yeast two-hybrid system. We have also investigated the interaction between the alpha2 isoform of (Na,K)ATPase and bFGF to find out whether the interaction is isoform-specific. We found that none of the cytoplasmic domains of (Na,K)ATPase isoforms interacted with bFGF. The result suggests that the interaction between bFGF and (Na,K)ATPase might be indirect, thus requiring other proteins which are involved in the formation of protein complexes for the interaction, although we cannot exclude the possibility that the interaction requires the element of the whole alpha subunit structure that was not present in the isolated alpha subunit cytoplasmic domains.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2010.06a
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• pp.230.1-230.1
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• 2010

조촉매(Promotor)인 Na은 수성가스전이(Water Gas Shift, WGS) 반응 시 생성된 포름산염의 C-H결합을 쉽게 분해하는 역할을 한다. 본 연구에서는 $Pt/CeO_2$ 촉매의 성능 향상을 위해 Na의 담지량을 변화시켜 촉매적 활성을 비교하여 보았다. 제조된 담체는 침전법(Precipitation)을 사용하여 제조하였으며 $500^{\circ}C$에서 6시간 소성하였다. Pt 담지량은 1wt%로 고정하였고 Na 담지량은 1 wt%~5 wt%로 변화를 주어 동시(공)-함침법(Co-incipient wetness method)으로 담지 시켰다. 반응 실험은 공간속도(Gas Hourly Space Velocity, GHSV) $45,385h^{-1}$에서 수행하였다. WGS 반응 결과 3 wt%의 Na이 담지된 $Pt/CeO_2$ 촉매의 경우를 제외하고 나머지 Na이 담지된 촉매들은 비교적 높은 CO의 전환율을 나타내었다. 특히 2 wt%의 Na이 담지된 $Pt/CeO_2$ 촉매는 가장 높은 CO의 전환율을 나타내었다. 따라서 Na 담지량의 변화가 포름산염의 C-H결합 분해에 영향을 미친다는 것을 알 수 있다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.25 no.10
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• pp.1457-1465
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• 2012

Intestinal phosphate (Pi) absorption across the apical membrane of small intestinal epithelial cells is mainly mediated by the type IIb Na-coupled phosphate co-transporter (NaPi-IIb), but its expression and regulation in the chicken remain unclear. In the present study, we investigated the mRNA and protein levels of NaPi-IIb in three regions of chicken small intestine, and related their expression levels to the rate of net phosphate absorption. Our results showed that maximal phosphate absorption occurs in the jejunum, however the highest expression levels of NaPi-IIb mRNA and protein occurs in the duodenum. In response to a low-Pi diet (TP 0.2%), there is an adaptive response restricted to the duodenum, with increased brush border membrane (BBM) Na-Pi transport activity and NaPi-IIb protein and mRNA abundance. However, when switched from a low-(TP 0.2%) to a normal diet (TP 0.6%) for 4 h, there is an increase in BBM NaPi-IIb protein abundance in the jejunum, but no changes in BBM NaPi-IIb mRNA. Therefore, our study indicates that Na-Pi transport activity and NaPi-IIb protein expression are differentially regulated in the duodenum vs the jejunum in the chicken.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.375-381
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to investigate Na and K balances in healthy adult women. Anthropometric assessments, biochemical analysis of blood, 3-day dietary flood records and collections of 3-day food, 24-hr urine and faces were performed to evaluate intakes and excretions of Na and K in 20 college women living in Seoul. The mean BMI and blood pressure of the subjects were 21.08 and 110.25/67.50mmHg, respectively. Mean daily intake of energy was 1578.84kcal, 79% of Korean RDA. Also, daily intakes of Na and K ware 120.86mEq and 44.20mEq. The urinary and fecal excretions of Na were 99.88 and 4.45mEq/day, and those of K were 30.41 and 8.66mEq/day, respectively. The body retention, retention rate, and apparent absorption of Na were 17.11mEq, 13.23%, and 96.31%, and those of K were 5.82mEq, 8.69%, and 80.12%, respectively. The urinary and fecal Na/K ratio were 3.48 and 0.52. There were significantly positive correlations between 1) urinary Na, K excretions and intakes of Na or K, 2) urinary K and BMI, 3) serum K and serum globulin, and 4) urinary Na excretion and serum haptoglobin level, respectively. The results of this study show that Na intake was higher and K intake was lower than those of other advanced nations. Therefore, nutrition education show instruct people to reduce Na intake and to increase K intake.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.417-421
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• 1997

This study investigated the effects of various additives to cooking water on cooking quality of noodle. Addition of l％ NaCl to boiling water showed a low amount of water absorption and good texture than the addition of sugar or oil at 1%. The types of salts (NaCl, CaCl, and MgSO$_4$) did not show any significant difference in cooking quality, however, adding NaCl was effective on texture improvement Cooking quality was increased with increasing concentration of NaCl. The texture of noodle was not significantly changed by the increase of NaCl, however, the addition of 5% NaCl was significantly different from no addition of NaCl.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.161-168
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• 1983

Studies on the effects of vanadate for Na-K-ATPase activity were carried out with rabbit renal cortex. 1) Na-K-ATPase activity was inhibited with the concentrations of vanadate in incubation medium. The vanadate concentration at which activity was inhibited by 50%$(ID_{50})$ was $10^{-6}M$ and Hill coefficient was 1.00. 2) The fractional inhibition by constant concentration of vanadate decreased with increasing enzyme concentration. 3) Increasing $K^+$ and $Na^+$ concentrations in incubation medium diminished the ability to inhibit Na-K-ATPase by vanadate whereas increasing $K^+$ and $Mg^{2+}$ concentrations potentiated the inhibition of Na-K-ATPase by vanadate. 4) Vanadate didn't inhibit Na-K-ATPase at pH 6.6. Increasing pH potentiated the inhibition of Na-K-ATPase activity. 5) Vanadate inhibited Na-K-ATPase activity reversibly in all range of concentrations in dilution experiment. These results show that vanadate inhibits Na-K-ATPase activity with interacting at $KE_2$ state reversibly.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.170-176
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• 1997

Twenty two hypertensive and thirty normotensive in-patients were participated in this study to investigate the relationship between plasma renin activity and metabolism of Ca and Na, Prior to pharmacological treatments, renin activity, aldosterone and parathyroid hormone(PTH) levels were measured from the fasting blood samles. Twenty four hour urine samples were collected to analyze urinary levels of creatinine, Ca, Na and K. Habitual intake of Na and Ca were also measured for hypertensive and normotensive patients. Hypertensive subjects were classified into higher reinin hypertensive (HH), medium renin hypertensive(MH) and low renin hypertensive (LH) group according to their renin activities. PTH level of LH group was the highest among three hypertensive groups. It appeared that aldosterone levels of HH group were significantly higher than LH or MH groups(p<0.05). However there were no significan시 differences in aldosterone level between LH group and normotensive group. Habitual intake of Na and Ca were highest in LH group but lowest in HH group, however, they were not statistically different. Positive correlations of systolic blood pressure with PTH(r=0.2597) and aldosterone(r=0.26480existed(p<0.05). Urinary Ca level was positively correlated with urinary Na(r=0.5619), K(r=0.4533) and habitual Na intake(r=0.3253). Above results suggested the possible relationships among renin activity, habitual Ca intake and Na intake and suggested a further study on the interrelationship between the hormonal control of Ca and Na metabolism and blood pressure in hypertension.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.159-170
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• 1991

In the rabbit renal artery, mechanisms of contraction by sodium depletion were investigated. The helical strips of isolated renal artery were immersed in the Tris-buffered salt solution. The contractions were recorded isometrically using a strain-gauge transducer. Na-free solution (Na was substituted by Li, choline or sucrose) produced contractions which were dependent on the nature of the Na substitutes. Na-free solution (choline) produced the contraction in ouabain-pretreated artery (Na loaded artery) even in the presence of verapamil. The amplitude of the contraction was dependent on the duration of the pretreatment with ouabain $(10\;^5M)$. Monensin potentiated the effect of ouabain on the contraction. Removal of Ca from bathing solution abolished the contraction and the substitution of Sr for Ca produced the contraction. Divalent cations such as Mg, Mn blocked the depolarization-induced contraction, while they had little effect on the Na-free contraction in Na loaded artery. These results suggest that the contraction induced by Na removal is dependent on the cellular Na content and may be caused by Ca influx via the Na-Ca exchange carrier.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.67-74
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• 1995

The aim of this study was to investigate the interrelationship among urinary excretion dietary habit of Na, Ca intake and hormonal factors in 22 hypertensive and 30 normotensive hospitalized patients. The results were summarized as follows : 1. Urinary excretion of Na in normotensive patients was not significantly different from that of hypertensive patients, while Ca excretion(as expressed on the basis of mg of creatinine) was significantly higher in hypertensive patients. 2. Habitual dietary intake of Na, Ca in hypertensive patients were not significantly different from those of normotensive patients. 3. There were no significant differences in mean plasma renin activity, aldosterone and parathyroid hormone(PTH) level between two groups. However, systolic pressure significantly correlated with PTH(r=0.2597) and aldosterone level(r=0.24648)(P<0.05). In this study blood pressure did not show any significant relationship between urinary Na excretion and habitual dietary Na intake of Na. It is speculated that individual difference of Na sensitivity might result in heterogenous blood pressure response to dietary Na intake. Higher Ca excretion in hypertensive subjects suggested a future study on the interrelationship between Ca metabolism and aldosterone system in hypertension.