• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.211-220
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• 2012

탄질비가 다른 유기자재를 시용하여 벼를 유기재배 할 때 자재별 무기화 정도와 벼의 질소 이용효율을 조사하기 위해서 2009년부터 2011년까지 시험을 수행하였다. 유기자재 처리는 질소함량 90kg/ha 수준으로 가축분퇴비, 유박, 유박2배, 헤어리베치, 헤어리베치+호밀 처리구를 두었고 화학비료구와 대조구를 두었다. 유기자재 중 유박은 가장 낮은 탄소:질소비(탄질비)를 나타내었고 가축분퇴비가 가장 높은 탄질비를 보였다. 토양 pH, 탄소, 질소, 칼슘, 그리고 마그네슘 농도는 처리간에 차이가 관찰되지 않았다. 2009년과 2010년의 질소 이용효율은 유박처리구가 화학비료구와 헤어리베치 그리고 퇴비구보다 높았다. 강수량이 많았던 2011년에는 축분퇴비구가 질소이용효율이 높은 것으로 관찰되었다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.89-94
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• 1982

1. 벼수량(收量)에 미치는 인산시용효과(燐酸施用効果)가 현저(顯著)하지 않은 화강암유래(花崗岩由來) 보통답(普通畓)과 시용효과(施用効果)가 현저(顯著)한 현무암유래중점질답(玄武岩由來重粘質畓)에 있어서 담수(湛水)에 따라 용출(溶出)되는 인산염(燐酸塩)을 추정(推定)하기 위해 solubility diagram법(法)을 사용(使用)했다. 2. 토양용액중(土壤溶液中) 인산농도(燐酸濃度), 양(陽)이온농도(濃度), pH치(値)의 담수(湛水)에 따른 변화(変化)를 측정(測定)했다. 그 변화양상(変化樣相)은 어느 토양(土壤)에서도 비슷했다. 보통답(普通畓)의 인산시용구(燐酸施用区), 무시용구(無施用区)의 값은 비슷했으나 중점질답(中粘質畓)에서는 차이(差異)가 보였다. 3. 보통답(普通畓), 중점질답(重粘質畓) 공(共)히 담수(湛水)에 따라 용출(溶出)되는 인산농도(燐酸濃度)는 담수후(湛水後) 얼마동안은 시용인산(施用燐酸)과 토양중(土壤中)알루미늄인산(燐酸)에 의해 지배(支配)되고, 그후 환원발달(還元発達)에 따라 토양중(土壤中) vivianite계(系) 인산(燐酸)에 의해 지배(支配)되는 것으로 추정(推定)되었다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.217-221
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• 1987

요소(尿素), DAP, 증화가리(增化加里)를 주재료(主材料)로, 분뇨잔사(糞尿殘渣)와 Zeolzte를 부재료(副材料)로 활용(活用)하여 제조(製造)한 고추전용복비(專用複肥)인 시제품(試製品) I II를 비닐멀칭재배(栽培)로 비효시험(肥效試驗)을 실시(實施)한 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. 가. 고추의 초장(草長)과 간경(幹徑)은 시제품(試製品)II구(區)가 대조구(對照區) (NPK분시구(分施區))에 비해 좋았다. 나. 고추의 총적과수량(總赤果收量)은 시제품(試製品)II구(區)가 가장 증수(增收) 하였으나 대조구(對照區)에 비해 통계적(統計的)인 유의성(有意性)은 없었다. 다. 개발(開發)된 시제품(試製品)은 비닐멀칭조건에서 고추재배(栽培)를 위한 전량기비용비료(全量基肥用肥料)로서 가능(可能)하였다.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.41-50
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• 2020

Vermicompost, manure, compost and organic fertilization are ecofriendly. Nowadays, many products resulted from sericulture consumed by humans such as mulberry leaves, fruits, mulberry tea, silk and natural silk cosmetics. Soil applications of three treatments with vermicompost (0.5, 1 and 2 tons per 0.42 hectare) and recommended rate of mineral fertilizers of nitrogen phosphorus potassium were used for investigation. Impact of fertilization on mulberry plant traits of moisture, number of shoots/tree, total shoots length/tree, number of leaves/shoot, number of leaves/ (100g), leaf yield/tree and leaf yield of fadden/season were recorded. In addition the effect of fertilization on larval and cocoon characters of young instar duration, fifth instar duration, total larval duration, larval mortality percentage, weight of third instar larvae, weight of fourth instar larvae, weight of fifth instar larvae, fresh cocoon weight, fresh shell weight, pupae weight, cocoon shell ratio, silk productivity, cocooning percentage, pupation ratio, number of cocoons/ liter, crop cocoons by number, crop cocoons by weight, fecundity and fertility. Using vermicompost treatment was enhancing plant characters. Treatments of V₃, V₂ and V₁ were shortage young, fifth and larvae durations. Mostly feeding silkworm during the whole larval duration on treated mulberry leaves with vermicompost improving the traits average. Using vermicompost for fertilization by rate of V₃ and V₂ is better than others for cocoon characters for females and males.V₃ and V₂ of vermicompost per 0.42 hectare is recommended for rearing mulberry silkworm instead of mineral fertilization.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.253-258
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• 2001

This pot experiment was conducted to find out the forage productivity and quality in a grasslclover sward as affected by the application of three different fertilizers; double superphosphate(DS), fused Mg-phosphate (FP), and complex fertilizer(CF) on newly reclaimed hilly soil. This part was concerned with the mutual balances of mineral nutrients in the soils and mixed grass/clover sward in relation to grass tetany hazard. The results obtained are summarized as follows : 1. Concentration of exchangeable Mg and relative proportion of Mg to CEC in the soils before experiment were considerably below the critical level for good forage growth and prevention of grass tetany. It seems that these properties would be able to handicap by liming and NPK applications. 2. Comparing with the critical level for likelihood of tetany(Mg <0.2%, K >2.5%, and W(Ca+Mg) >2.2 in forages), mean concentration of Mg ranged from 0.14 in DS plot and 0.18 in FP plot to 0.24% in CF plot. Meanwhile, hazards of grass tetany in relation to the %K and ratio of K/(Ca+Mg) were not recognized. 3. Comparing with the optimum level of Carp(% ratio)=2.0 in forages for animal health, these ranged from 6.1 to 7.1. (Key words : Grass tetany, Fertilizer. Soil. Mineral nutrients)

• 유기물자원화
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.140-146
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• 2002

본 시험은 채종유박과 미강유박을 주원료로 하고 질소, 인산, 칼리의 함량이 7.23%이고 중금속이 거의 없이 개발된 유기질비료(크럼블-80)를 공시비료로 기비와 추비시비 방식의 포장시험을 통하여 토양과 한국잔디의 생육에 미치는 영향과 시비효율을 구명하여 올바른 시비방법 및 시비량을 제시하고자 2000년 4월부터 12월까지 경기도 용인시 소재 태광컨트리클럽 증식포(기비시험)와 경기도 파주시 소재 서서울컨트리클럽 10홀 티(추비시험)에서 실시하였다. 기비시험 결과, 엽록소 측정결과의 처리효과는 무처리구가 100일 때 관행구 117%, 관행구+크럼블-80 $150g/m^2$ 123%, 크럼블-80 $150g/m^2$ 115%, 크럼블-80 $300g/m^2$ 119%, 크럼블-80 $75g/m^2$ 102%로 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 유기질비료인 크럼블-80은 시비량에 따라 엽록소 함량이 약간 증가되었으나 NPK와 혼합처리구에서 가장 높은 것은 공시비료의 단독처리보다는 복합비료와 혼용하는 것이 더 효과적인 것으로 나타났다. 추비시험 결과, 잔디생육기간 중 잔디건물중을 조사한 결과는 크럼블-80의 시용량이 많을수록 잔디건물중도 증가하였으며, 처리구에 따라 무처리구보다 5~45(%) 정도의 증수효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 엽록소함량은 처리구가 무처리구보다는 높았으나 골프코스에 필요한 녹색유지에는 부족하므로 화학비료와의 혼용시비가 필요하다고 판단된다. 본 시험결과로 볼 때 시험에 사용된 공시비료는 골프코스 잔디관리에 적합한 비료로 판단된다. 시험결과를 토대로 한 권장시비량은 기비시비의 경우 잔디식재 전에 공시비료 $300g/m^2$를 표토 10cm와 잘 혼합하여 시비하되, 추비시비는 공시비료와 화학비료와의 혼용시비가 필요하다고 판단된다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제47권3호
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• pp.141-146
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• 2014

The necessity to develop economical and eco-friendly technologies is steadily increasing. Plant growth promoting rhizomicrobial strains PGPR are a group of microorganisms that actively colonize plant roots and increase plant growth and yield. Pot experiments were used to investigate the potential of some rhizobacterial strains to enhance the Brassica rapa growth. Microbial strains were successfully isolated from the rhizosphere of Panax ginseng and characterized based on its morphological and plant growth promotion characters. Surface disinfected seeds of Wisconsin Fast B. rapa were inoculated with the selected PGPR microorganisms. The different pots treatments were inoculated by its corresponding PGPR ($10^7cfu\;mL^{-1}$) and incubated in the growth chamber at $25^{\circ}C$ and 65% RH, the light period was adjusted to 24 hours (day). NPK chemical fertilizer and trade product (EMRO, USA) of effective microorganisms as well as un-inoculated control were used for comparison. Plants harvested in 40 days were found to have significant increase in leaf chlorophyll units and plant height and also in dry weight of root and shoot in the inoculated seedlings. Root and shoot length and also leaf surface area significantly were increased by bacterial inoculation in sterile soil. The study suggests that Rhodobacter capsulatus and Azotobacter chroococcum are beneficial for B. rapa growth as they enhance growth and induced IAA production and phosphorus solubilization. This study presents some rhizomicrobial strains that significantly promoted growth of Wisconsin Fast Plant B. rapa in pot experiment under different soil conditions.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.395-401
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• 2011

BACKGROUND: Potassium (K) is one of the macronutrients which are essential for plant growth and development. Its deficiency in paddy soils is becoming one of the limiting factors for increasing rice yield in Asia. METHODS AND RESULTS: To investigate physiological symptoms under K-starvation (NP) compared with complete media (NPK) condition, we measured shoot/root length, weight, nutrients, and patterns of protein expression. The shoot growth was significantly reduced, but root growth was not affected by K-starvation. However, biomasses were decreased in both shoot and root. Uptake of K was reduced up to 85%, while total concentrations of P, Ca, Mg, Na were increased in root and shoot. To better understand the starved K mechanism of rice, comparative proteome analysis for proteins isolated from rice leaves was conducted using 2-DGE. Five spots of differentially expressed proteins were analyzed by MALDI-TOF MS. Analysis of these K-starvation response proteins suggested that they were involved in metabolism and defense. CONCLUSION(s): Physiological and 2-DGE based proteomics approach used in our study results in observation of morphology or nutrients change and identification of K-starvation responsive proteins in rice root. These results have important roles in maintaining nutrient homeostasis and would also be useful for further characterization of protein function in plant K nutrition.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.581-590
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• 2011

Organic farming is rapidly expanding worldwide. Crop growth in organic systems greatly depends on the functions performed by soil microbes, and nutrient supply weed suppression by green manure crops input. Four red-pepper production systems were compared: 1) bare ground (conventional system); 2) hairy vetch monoculture; 3) rye monoculture; and 4) hairy vetch-rye mixture. Soil inorganic N reached the peak at 30 DAI and hairy vetch monoculture was the highest ($192mg\;kg^{-1}$) and soil total carbon was fluctuated sporadically during the experiment. Carbohydrate and phenolic compounds in soil kept significantly higher in green manure crops systems from 10 DBI to 30 DAI, however the level was the maximum at 10 DBI (carbohydrate) and 30 DAI (phenolic comounds). Incorporation of green manure crops residue enhanced soil microbial biomass C and N throughout the growing season except that MBN in rye was reduced after incorporation. Green manure crops systems suppressed weed occurrence and, in particular, it was prominent in rye monoculture. Mineral elements composition and production in red-pepper fruits were markedly decreased in green manure crops systems although hairy vetch monoculture has come close to bare ground (NPK-applied). Therefore, it was suggested that higher biomass production should be performed not only to improve soil quality and suppress weeds but to yield suitable red-pepper fruits in green manure crops-based organic farming.

• 한국잡초학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.122-127
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• 1998

뚝새풀의 생장에 대한 비료 3요소의 영향을 검토하기 위하여 실험한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 뚝새풀의 초장은 질소 인산 칼리의 3요소, 질소 인산, 인산 칼리 및 인산 단일 시용의 경우에 컸고, 초장에 미치는 비료요소의 주 효과는 인산과 질소였으며, 이들의 상호작용 효과도 켰다. 2. 분얼도 초장과 같은 경향으로 질소 인산 칼리의 3요소, 질소 인산, 인산 칼리, 인산 시용의 경우에 많았으며, 비료 3요소 중 분얼에 미치는 주 효과는 인산이었으며 질소와 칼리의 효과는 인정되지 않았다. 3. 건물 생산량도 질소 인산 칼리의 3요소, 질소 인산, 인산 칼리 및 인산 단일 시용의 경우에 많았고, 비료 3요소 중 건물 생산량에 미치는 주 효과는 인산과 질소였으며, 이들 상호작용의 효과도 컸다. 4. 뚝새풀의 이삭수도 질소 인산 칼리의 3요소 및 질소 인산 시용구에서 많았으며, 주 효과는 인산이었다. 5. 분얼경에 대한 이삭의 비율은 질소 인산, 인산, 질소 인산 칼리, 무시용 및 인산 칼리 시용구의 경우에 높았고, 주로 인산의 효과였으며 칼리와 질소의 단일 시용 효과는 낮았다. 6. 뚝새풀의 생장정도는 비료 3요소 중 인산에 절대적으로 지배되었으며 질소의 시용 효과는 인산의 시용 여부에 따라 크게 달라졌다.