• Title/Summary/Keyword: NOx gas

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An experimental study on the mixing of evaporating liquid spray in a duct flow (덕트 유동에서 증발을 수반하는 액상 스프레이의 혼합 특성에 대한 실험적 연구)

  • Kim, Y.B.;Choi, S.M.
    • Journal of ILASS-Korea
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    • v.11 no.1
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    • pp.30-38
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    • 2006
  • High temperature furnaces such as power plant and incinerator contribute considerable part of NOx generation and face urgent demand of De-NOx system. Reducing agent is injected into the flue gas flow to activate do-NOx system. Almost SCR system adopt vaporized ammonia injection system. Vaporizer, dilution system and additional space are needed to gasify and inject ammonia. Liquid spray injection system can simplify and economize post-treatment system of flue gas. In this study, mixing caused by gas or liquid injection of reducing agent into flue gas duct was investigated experimentally. Carbonated water was used as tracer and simulated agent and mixing of liquid spray in a duct flow was studied. To achieve that, the angle of attack of static mixer is simulated and $CO_2$ concentration is measured.

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Optimization of NOx Emission with Blends of Bio-diesel Oil and Diesel Fuel Using Design of Experiments (실험계획법에 의한 바이오 디젤 혼합유의 NOx 배출 최적화)

  • Lee, Sang-Deuk;Kim, Kyong-Hyon;Lee, Han-Seong;Jung, Suk-Ho
    • Journal of Power System Engineering
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    • v.17 no.6
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    • pp.149-155
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    • 2013
  • Since bio-diesel oil has a merit that it satisfies both demand of substitution for fossil fuel and reduction in carbon dioxide emission, it is widely used in diesel engines by blending in gas oil in small quantity. It is needed to reduce in NOx emission in some way or others if blending ratio of bio-diesel oil is going to increase, because it is demerit that bio-diesel oil emits more NOx emission than gas oil. In this study, it was accomplished to optimize 3 factors what effect on NOx emission as blending ratio of bio-diesel oil, injection timing and common rail pressure with an introduction of a design of experiments, in order to minimize a number of tests. It was cleared that to introduce the design of experiments was very available in NOx optimization.

The Effect of Hybrid Reburning on NOx Reduction in Oxygen-Enriched LPG Flame (산소부화 LPG 화염에서 혼합형 재연소 방법에 의한 NOx 저감 효과)

  • Lee, Chang-Yeop;Baek, Seung-Wook
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Combustion
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    • v.12 no.4
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    • pp.14-21
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    • 2007
  • In order to enhance combustion efficiency, oxygen-enriched combustion is used by increasing the oxygen ratio in the oxidizer. However, since the flame temperature increases, NOx formation in the furnace seriously increases for low oxygen enrichment ratio. In this case, reburning is a useful technology for reducing nitric oxide. In this research, experimental studies have been conducted to evaluate the hybrid effects of reburning/selective non-catalytic reaction (SNCR) and reburning/air staging on NOx formation and also to examine heat transfer characteristics in various oxygen-enriched LPG flames. Experiments were performed in flames stabilized by a co-flow swirl burner, which were mounted at the bottom of the furnace. Tests were conducted using LPG gas as main fuel and also as reburn fuel. The paper reported data on flue gas emissions, temperature distribution in furnace and various heat fluxes at the wall for a wide range of experimental conditions. Overall temperature in the furnace, heat fluxes to the wall and NOx generation were observed to increase by low level oxygen-enriched combustion, but due to its hybrid effects of reburning, SNCR and Air staging, NOx concentration in the exhaust have decreased considerably.

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Effect of Magnetic Field on NOX Removal for Wire-Plate Plasma Reactor (선대 평판형 플라즈마 반응기에서 NOX 제거에 미치는 자계의 영향)

  • Park, Jae-Yun;Go, Hui-Seok;Son, Seong-Do;Lee, Dong-Hun;Kim, Jong-Dal
    • The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers C
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    • v.49 no.2
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    • pp.120-124
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    • 2000
  • In this paper, the effect of magnetic field was measured on NOx(NO+NO2) removal and consumption power for wire-plate plasma reactor with magnetic field applied to electric field vertically. NOx of the simulated diesel engine flue gas were removed by the corona discharge generated by DC, AC and Pulsed voltages in wire-plate reactor. Consumption power increased with discharge voltage. However, when magnetic field was applied to electric field vertically, consumption power slightly decreased. NOx removal rate and arc transition voltage for plasma reactor with magnetic field were higher than those for plasma reactor without magnetic field. Consumption power decreased, however NOx removal significantly increased, when water vapour bubbled by dry air was put into simulated flue gas.

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Fabrication and Characteristics of Amperometric NO2 Gas Sensors (전류검출형 NO2가스 센서의 제작과 특성평가)

  • Kim, Gwi-Yeol
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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    • v.20 no.9
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    • pp.821-827
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    • 2007
  • The nitrogen oxides, NO and $NO_2$, abbreviated usually as NOx, emitted from combustion facilities such as power plants and automobiles are the typical air-pollutants causing acid rain and photochemical smog. In order to solve the NOx-related pollution problems effectively, we need efficient techniques to monitor NOx in the combustion exhausts and in environments. Development of solid-state electrochemical devices for detecting NOx is demonstrated based on various combination of solid electrolytes and auxiliary sensing materials. The object of this research is to develop various sensor performance for solid state amperometric sensor, and to test gas sensor performance manufactured. So we try to present a guidance for developing amperometric gas sensor. We concentrated on development of manufacturing process and performance test. Amperometric Nitrogen dioxide sensor was fabricated using NASICON and an $NaNO_2$ layer deposited on the counter electrode. The current response was almost linear with Nitrogen dioxide concentration in the range 1-350 ppb at $150^{\circ}C$.

Development of Low NOx Gas Burner Absorption Chiller/Heater Unit (흡수식 냉온수기용 저 NOx 가스버너 개발)

  • 최정환;오신규
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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    • v.19 no.1
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    • pp.277-283
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    • 1995
  • For the development of low NO$_{x}$ gas burners aimed for absorption chiller/heater unit, three proto type burners of different capacity (265000, 498000, and 664000 kcal/h) have been manufactured through a combustion method of step-by-step air injection. In order to characterize the overall features of the flame and the properties of the emission gas, the temperature of the flame and the concentration of NO$_{x}$ and CO were determined. The main factors in the design of burners (the area of primary air injection, the diameter of secondary air injection hole, fuel nozzle diameter) were observed to increase linearly with the scale-up of burner capacity. The flame temperature profiles of the burners were observed to be almost similar, irrespective of their capacity. However, as their capacity increased, the flame temperature slightly increased and the hot region of the flames moved to ward the flame tip along with the expansion to the direction of radius. From the proto type units, the amount of their NO$_{x}$ emission was determined to be around 25 - 30 vppm(3% )$_{2}$) and the CO emission was less than 19 vppm (3% $O_{2}$).TEX>).

Effect of ethene($C_2H_4$) on DeNOx using Plasma/Post-Heating System (플라즈마/후가열 장치를 이용한 NOx 저감에 에틴($C_2H_4$)이 미치는 영향에 관한 연구)

  • Jung, Sang-Ho;Lee, Hyeong-Sang;Park, Kwang-Seo;Chun, Bae-Hyeock;Chun, Kwang-Min
    • 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2002.06a
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    • pp.157-162
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    • 2002
  • The characteristics of DeNOx conversion process by plasma/post-heating system with the simulated gas containing ethene is investigated experimentally. Without plasma treatment, $NO-NO_2$ conversion doesn't occur by $400^{\circ}C$ in a mixture of $N_2/O_2$ with a trace gas of ethene. But $NO-NO_2$ conversion occurs as temperature increases above $400^{\circ}C$. The NO can, however, be converted to $NO_2$ at lower temperatures by treating the gas mixture with non-thermal plasma. The $NO-NO_2$ conversion enhances further by passing the plasma treated gas through the post-heating furnace. Results show that 20%${\sim}50%$ more conversion of NO to $NO_2$ is observed when the temperatures of the post-heating furnace are maintained at $300^{\circ}C$ or $400^{\circ}C$. The additional $NO-NO_2$ conversion by post-heating is due to the reaction of ethene with the byproducts or radicals generated from the plasma reaction.

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A study of Overall Combustion Characteristics according to the Air Preheated Temperature in a Hybrid/Dual Swirl Jet Combustor (하이브리드/이중 선회제트 연소기에서 공기 예열온도에 의한 배출 특성 연구)

  • Choi, Inchan;Jo, Junik;Lee, Keeman
    • 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2012.11a
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    • pp.149-152
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    • 2012
  • The laboratory experiments have been conducted to investigate the effects of air preheated temperature on the emission characteristics by a model gas turbine burner with a hybrid/dual swirl jet flames configuration. The concentration of NOx and CO emissions, and flue gas temperature at combustor exit were measured with varying the equivalence ratio for different air preheated temperatures of 300, 400, 500K at atmospheric pressure. It was overall shown that the NOx and CO emissions, and flue gas temperature were decreased according to the decreasing of equivalence ratio due to the effects of lean premixed combustion regardless of the air preheated temperature. Experimental results of a lean premixed flames configuration indicated that the NOx emission was increased with higher inlet air temperature and air flow rate, which is attributed to the increasing of flue gas temperature and heat release related to the thermal NOx mechanism. But the CO emission was shown the opposite tendency, that is, the CO emission was decreased with increasing of inlet air temperature and flow rate.

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Fabrication and Characteristic of NOx Gas Sensor by Using $SnO_2$ Nanowires ($SnO_2$ 나노와이어를 이용한 NOx 가스센서 제작 및 특성평가)

  • Kang, Gyo-Sung;Kwon, Soon-Il;Park, Jea-Hwan;Yang, Kea-Joon;Lim, Dong-Gun
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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    • 2007.11a
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    • pp.40-41
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    • 2007
  • $SnO_2$ nanowires are used at the nanoscale level for the electrical transduction of the gas interaction with these sensing materials. We report on a study of high sensitivity and fast NOx gas sensor. We focused on improving the response time and refresh time by growth nanowires on the trench structure of Si substrate as air path. To improve refresh time we applied the trench structure with depth of $10\;{\mu}m$ by the inductively coupled plasma reactive ion etching(ICP-RIE). The fabricated device was measured at temperature of $200{\sim}300^{\circ}C$. The sensor exhibit ultra-fast and reversible electrical response (t90% ~4 s for response and ~3 s for recovery).

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