• International Journal of Oral Biology
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.117-122
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• 2011

Endothelial cells are a vital constituent of most mammalian organs and are required to maintain the integrity of these tissues. These cells also play a major role in angiogenesis, inflammatory reactions, and in the regulation of thrombosis. Angiogenesis facilitates pulp formation and produces the vessels which are essential for the maintenance of tooth homeostasis. These vessels can also be used in bone and tissue regeneration, and in surgical procedures to place implants or to remove cancerous tissue. Furthermore, endothelial cell regeneration is the most critical component of the tooth generation process. The aim of the present study was to stimulate endothelial regeneration at a site of acute cyclophosphamide (CP)-induced endothelial injury by treatment with human umbilical cord-derived endothelial/mesenchymal stem cells (hEPCs). We randomly assigned 16 to 20-week-old female NOD/SCID mice into three separate groups, a hEPC ($1{\times}10^5$ cells) transplanted, 300mg/kg CP treated and saline (control) group. The mice were sacrificed on days 5 and 10 and blood was collected via the abdominal aorta for analysis. The alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), serum alkaline phosphatase (s-ALP), and albumin (ALB) levels were then evaluated. Tissue sections from the livers and kidneys were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (HE) for microscopic analysis and were subjected to immunohistochemistry to evaluate any changes in the endothelial layer. CP treatment caused a weight reduction after one day. The kidney/body weight ratio increased in the hEPC treated animals compared with the CP only group at 10 days. Moreover, hEPC treatment resulted in reduced s-ALP, AST, ALT levels compared with the CP only group at 10 days. The CP only animals further showed endothelial injuries at five days which were recovered by hEPC treatment at 10 days. The number of CD31-positive cells was increased by hEPC treatment at both 5 and 10 days. In conclusion, the CP-induced disruption of endothelial cells is recovered by hEPC treatment, indicating that hEPC transplantation has potential benefits in the treatment of endothelial damage.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Poultry Science Conference
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.89-91
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• 2001

Two experiments were conducted to compare the dietary supplemental influence of conjugated linoleic acid(CLA), soybean oil(SBO) and commercial tallow(U) on performance and physiological related factor of broiler chicks. Diets contained CP 21.5, 19% and ME 3,100, 3,100kcal/kg for starting and finishing period. Each three levels(1.0, 2.0, 3.0%) of CLA, SBO, CT were supplemented to basal diets. Five hundred forty and three hundred sixty chicks were applied to 3${\times}$3, 2${\times}$3 factorial design with four replicates in Expt 1 and 2. Weight gain, food intake and feed conversion were weekly examined. Blood cholesterol, ND antibody titer, blood components and were measured at the end of experiment. Metabolizable energy(ME) were measured through the metabolic feeding trial in each oil. ME was 8,542, 9,179, 8,133 kcal/kg in CLA, SBO and CT, respectively. In Expt 1, weight gain of chicks fed 1% dietary oil was significantly lower than other treatments(P<0.05). Feed conversion was significantly improved in SBO supplemental groups of all treatments(P<0.05). In Expt 2, CLA supplements increased weight gain significantly for finishing period(P<0.05) compared to that of other treatments. Feed conversion of chicks fed 2% dietary oil was significantly improved relative that of 3%(P<0.05). HDL of 3% dietary supplemental oil treatments was significantly higher for finishing and starting period in Expt 1 and 2, respectively than other treatments(P<0.05). There were no significantly different M Antibody titer in Expt 1, but showed significance between dietary supplemental oil in Expt 2(P<0.05). CLA content of breast meat was 12.23, 18.74, 25.67 mg/g in 1, 2, and 3% CLA treatments and significantly different between them(P<0.05). As the results of these experiments, feeding CLA tended to improve the weight gain compared In that of other dietary oil, but was not increase the ND antibody titer of broiler chciks. CLA content of breast meat also showed the significance at different level of dietary supplement.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.1-5
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• 1981

In trying to predict the effect of genetics on the broiler in the year 2000, this is a relatively short period of time as far as broiler genetics in concerned. Modern broiler genetics started around 1945 and tremendous gains when made in past 35 years. Futher improvements on broiler will depend on the evolution and revolution: 1. Evolution: (1) Growth rate has been made 4-5% per year. (2) Feed conversion has improved approximately 1% per year. (3) Abdominal fat is becoming a major complaint in broiler. (4) Because of the changing life-style, broiler meat sales in the future will be more and more in cut-up form. (5) Breeding for stress resistance and selection for docile temperament can be important in order to funker improve fled efficiency. (6) In female parent stock, reproduction characteristics are in many can negatively correlated with the desired broiler traits. (7) Egg production and hatchability in moot commercial parent nod m at a fairly high level. (8) In male parent stock, the heavier and mon super-meat-type male lines are desired to Product better broilers. 2. Revolution: Trying to forecast revolutionary change in broiler genetics is highly speculative, as sudden change are aften unpredictable. (1) Species hybridization, such as a turkey-chicken cross (2) Biochemical tools, such as blood typing. (3) Mutation breeding by radiation or chemical mutagentia. (4) Broiler breeding would be to change the phenotypic appearance by single gene, such as naked, wingless. (5) Changes in production techniques. such as growing in cage or growing in filtered air positive pressure houses.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.61 no.1
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• pp.60-68
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• 1983

Ever since the day of pre-modernized society where the farming skill had been in the stagnant condition, the common farmwoodlands have been utilized in common (collectivelly) by villagers in order to harvest farmwoodlands and fuelwoods. Later, during the process of modernization, most of the common farmwoodlands were transferred into national or public forests by the administrative enforcement, but there were still various types of village (common) forests such as the common forests owned by joint owners, village block associations, village forest productive societies, Village Forestry Association(V.F.A.), and the national or public forests leased to V.F.A. As Village Forestry Association is organized with a few villages, each of common forests ow nod to the villages is obliged to be diversely controlled by other managers than the chief of V.F.A. Therefore, it is to be desired that the control of common forests should be under Gun Forestry Association Union. While the rate of the use of common forests for fuelwoods and cemetery has been considerably high, villagers wish to promote the timber forest establishment through the collective management by their improved farming skills and economical situations. In these present circumstances the village forest productive societies should be guided to work in closer cooperation with Gun Forestry Association Union. Since the management of common forests is still extensive, it still remains in the semi-management condition under which we can not find any management plan or measure to control forest damage. Especially the small area common forests should have appropriate size for the joint management. This will promote the forest productivity through the lease for reforestation of disposable national forests or public county forests and the contracts for profit sharing. Today owing to increasing forest value, frequent dispute has occurred on the common right telated to the village forests and rationalization of forest management has been disregarded. If a necessary measure were taken to control the dispute such as transferring the registeration right of ownership to the village forest productive society, the confidence of local inhabitants can be regained and the productivity of forests can be naturally increased.