• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제24권11호
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• pp.1579-1584
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• 2003

An integrated gold microdisk electrode was constructed and modified with metal-porphyrin or metal-phthalocyanines for NO determination in biological media. Microanalysis of NO using square wave anodic stripping voltammetry in $1\;{\times}\;10^{-2}$ M $HClO_4$ was optimal when the accumulation potential was 0.1 V, frequency 100 Hz, and the scan rate was 200 mV/s. When the electrode was modified with metal-porphyrin or metal-phthalocyanines, the anodic peak currents of NO increased due to the catalytic oxidation of NO. In case of Fe(II)-phthalocyanine modified electrode, the peak currents remarkably increased and the sensitivity was high. The calibration curve had good linearity in the range from $3.6\;{\times}\;10^{-5}$ M to $7.2\;{\times}\;10^{-7}$ M, and the detection limit was $5.7\;{\times}\;10^{-7}$ M. For the structural stability and increased sensitivity, Fe(II)-phthalocyanine modified gold microdisk electrode coated with Nafion was applied to determination of NO released from cultured macrophase.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.661-668
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• 2006

There have been some controversies on the use of the coefficient of determination for linear no-intercept model. One definition of the coefficient of determination, $R^2={\sum}\;{\widehat{y^2}}\;/\;{\sum}\;y^2$, is being widely accepted only for linear no-intercept models though Kvalseth (1985) demonstrated some possible pitfalls in using such $R^2$. Main objective of this note is to report that $R^2$ is not a desirable measure of fit for the no-intercept linear model. In fact it is found that mean square error(MSE) could replace $R^2$ efficiently in most cases where selection of no-intercept model is at issue.

• 한국데이터정보과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국데이터정보과학회 2005년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.145-154
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• 2005

There have been some controversies on the use of the coefficient of determination for linear no-intercept model. One definition of the coefficient of determination, $R^2=\sum\;{y}{^{\hat{2}}/\sum\;{y^2}$, is being widely accepted only for linear no-intercept models though Kvalseth(1985) demonstrated some possible pitfalls in using such $R^2$. Main objective of this article is to provide a cautionary notice for use of the $R^2$ by pointing out its tricky aspects by means of empirical simulations.

• International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.70-80
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• 2000

The attitude knowledge error model is formulated for specifically KOMPSAT attitude determination system using the Lefferts/Markley/Shuster method, and the attitude determination(AD) error analysis is performed so as to investgate the on-board attitude determination capability of KOrea Multi-Purpose SATellite(KOMPSAT) using the covariance analysis method. Analysis results show there is almost no initial value effect on Attitude Determination (AD) error and the sensor noise effects on AD error are drastically decreased as is predicted because of the inherent characteristic of Kalman filter structure. However, it shows that the earth radiance effect of IR-sensor(earth sensor) and the bias effects of both IR-sensor and fine sun sensor are the dominant factors degrading AD error and gyro rate bias estimate error in AD system. Analysis results show that the attitude determination errors of roll, pitch and yaw axes are 0.056, 0.092 and 0.093 degrees, respectively. These numbers are smaller than the required values for the normal mission of KOMPSAT. Also, the selected on-orbit data of KOMPSAT is presented to demonstrate the designed AD system.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2001년도 ICCAS
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• pp.167.5-167
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• 2001

Single point attitude determination method provides an optimal attitude minimizing the Wahba loss function. However, for the insufficient number of measurement vectors, the conventional single point methods has no unique solution. Thus, we introduce the sequential method to and an optimal attitude minimizing the windowed loss function. In this paper, this function is de ned as the sum of square errors for all measurement vectors within the axed sliding window. For simple implementation, the proposed algorithm is rewritten as a recursive form. Moreover, the covariance matrix is derived and expressed as a recursive form. Finally, we apply this algorithm to the attitude determination system with three LOS measurement sensors.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 1998

토양(土壤)의 유효인산(有效燐酸) 분석방법(分析方法)에 있어서 우리나라 토양(土壤)에 적합(適合)한 인산(燐酸) 분석방법(分析方法)을 확립(確立)하고자 밭토양과 논토양에 각각 옥수수와 벼를 재배(栽培)하여 Lancaster법(法), Olsen법(法), Bray No.1, Bray No.2법(法), Mehlich II 법(法), Calcium lactate법(法) 등(等) 6개 분석방법(分析方法)을 사용한 토양중(土壤中) 유효인산함량(有效燐酸含量)과 식물체중(植物體中) 인산흡수량(燐酸吸收量)과의 관계를 비교 검토하였다. 1. 분석방법을 달리한 밭토양의 유효인산함량(有效燐酸含量)과 옥수수 식물체중(植物體中) 인산흡수량(燐酸吸收量)과의 관계(關係)는 모든 분석방법(分析方法)이 유의성(有意性) 있는 직선회귀(直線回歸) 관계(關係)를 나타내었고, 분석(分析) 방법별(方法別) 결정계수(決定係數)($R^2$) 크기는 Olsen-P $0.891^{**}$, Bray No. 2-P $0.880^{**}$, Lancaster-P $0.878^{**}$, Bray No.1-P $0.792^{**}$, Mehlich II-P $0.787^{**}$, Calcium lactate-P $0.596^{**}$이었다. 2. 논토양중 有效燐酸含量과 벼의 燐酸含量과의 關係에서 밭토양과 달리 Michaelis-Menten 式 ($Y=K_1X/(1+K_2X)$을 따랐으며 (Y, 벼의 燐酸吸收量, X ; 土壤 有效燐酸, K : 係數), 본 식에 따른 決定係數 ($R^2$)는 Lancaster-P $0.923^{**}$, Bray No.1-P $0.919^{**}$, Bray No.2-P $0.914^{**}$, Calcium lactate-P $0.769^{**}$, Olsen-P $0.712^{**}$, Mehlich II-P $0.607^{**}$이었다.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제40권5호
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• pp.341-346
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• 1996

$(Cin)Cu(NO_3)_2$으로 변성된 턴소반죽전극을 제작하여 $I^-$이온을 벗김전압전류법을 이용하여 정량하였다. $I^-$이온은 변성제인 $(Cin)Cu(NO_3)_2$착물에 배위된 $NO_3^-$와 이온교환에 의해 변전극에 감응하며, 산화전위는 +0.72 V였다, $I^-$ 이온의 최적분석 조건은 다음과 같다: 농축용액의 조성은 0.1 M $KNO_3$, 농축시간은 10분, 탄소분말에 대한 변성제의 함량은 40%(w/w). 선형주사 양극벗김전압전류법(Linear Sweep Anodic Stripping Voltammetry)에 의한 $I^-$이온의 검출한계는 $1.0{\times}10^{-6}M$이며, $2.0{\times}10^{-5}M$에서 구한 상대표준편차는 ${\pm}5.5%$였다. 여러 음이온에 대하여 방해작용을 검토한 결과 $Cl^-,\;Br^-,\;C_2O_4^{2-},\;ClO_4^-$ 등은 $I^-$이온의 정량에 영향을 주지 않았지만, $SCN^-$ 이온은 $I^-$ 이온의 산화전류를 약 32% 감소시켰다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.422-429
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• 1997

For the complete and accurate amino acid determination of protein and food samples, 3 different hydrolysis procedures have been conducted in parallel for each sample, which include the alkaline hydrolysis for tryptophan determination, performic acid oxidation prior to the acid hydrolysis for the determination of cysteine and cystine, and the 6N HCl hydrolysis for the determination of the rest of amino acids. In the present study, amino acid concentrations obtained from the modified single hydrolysis procedure were compared with the values from the conventional hydrolysis procedures in casein and nine food and composite dish samples. In most of the samples tested, the modified single hydrolysis procedure gave significantly higher values of cysteins and cystein compared to the performic acid oxidation method, but resulted in a considerable destruction of tryptophan in food and composited dish samples. There was no consistent difference in the rest of amino acid concentrations between the two hydrolysis systems. Therefore, for complete amino acid determination of various foods and composite dishes, the single hydrolysis method may replace the 6N HCl hydrolysis and performic acid oxidation methods, and thereby reduces 3 hydrolyses to 2 steps with much higher recoveries of the sulfur containing amino acids.

• 대한간호학회지
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• 제37권7호
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• pp.1177-1183
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• 2007

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of a weight control program and compliancy in overweight women. Method: This program was composed of strategies to modify diet and exercise and to change compliance and self determination over an 8 week period. The subjects were 19 overweight women who participated in our project voluntarily. Data was collected from May 4 to Jun 30 of 2007. The program consisted of regular rapid walking exercise, diet, mobile phone messages and e-mail. The data was analyzed by Repeated Measures ANOVA using the SPSS WIN program. Result: According to 3 assessment periods, there were significant differences in body weight, body mass index, and compliance. There were no significant differences in self determination. Conclusion: These findings suggest that more intensive interventions may be needed to demonstrate a change in self determination.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 2000년도 제15차 학술회의논문집
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• pp.276-276
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• 2000

This paper presents the efficient algorithms for the pose determination of a circular object with and without a priori knowledge of the object radius. The developed algorithms valid for a circular object are the result of the elaboration of Ma's work [2], which determines the pose of a conic object from two perspective views. First, the geometric constraint of a circular object and its projection on the image plane of a camera is described. The number of perspective views required for the object pose determination with and without a priori knowledge of the object radius is also discussed. Second, with a priori knowledge of the object radius, the pose of a circular object is determined from a single perspective view. The object pose information, expressed by two surface normal vectors and one position vector, is given in a closed form and with no ambiguity. Third, without a priori knowledge of the object radius, the pose of a circular object is determined from two perspective views. While the surface normal vectors are obtained from the first view, the position vector is obtained from the two views.