• 약학회지
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• 제50권2호
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• pp.99-104
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• 2006

Prostaglandins biosynthesis and nitric oxide production have been implicated in the process of inflammation. In this study we investigated on the effects of ethyl acetate extract of Angelica Koreana Radix (EAKR) on the activities of prostaglandin $E_2\;(PGE_2)$, proteoglycan (PG) degradation and nitric oxide synthase (NO) in inflammation cytokines-activated rabbit articular chondrocytes. EAKR exhibited inhibitory activities on NO production and $PGE_2$ production as $73.08\%\;and\;89.49\%$, respectively at $20{\mu}g/ml$ and inhibited the degradation of PG in a concentration-dependent manner Zelatin zymography analysis demonstrated that EAKR significantly inhibited MMP-2, 9 expression in chondrocytes. In vivo, EAKR was shown to have inhibitory effects on acetic acid-induced pain. This study suggests that modulation of $PGE_2$, NO, PG degradation and MMP-2, 9 by EARK may be important in the prevention of inflammation and osteroarthritis.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지하수토양환경학회 2000년도 창립총회 및 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.101-107
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• 2000

Column tests using KCl and Benzene as tracers were conducted for four different cases: 1) no hydrogen peroxide and no microorganism; 2) hydrogen peroxide only; 3) microorganism only; 4) hydrogen and microorganism to investigate the sorption and degradation characteristics of Benzene. The observed BTCs of KCl and Benzene in all cases showed that the arrival times of the peaks of both tracers coincided well but the peak concentration of Benzene was much lower than that of KCl. This result reveals that a predominant process affecting the transport of Benzene in a sandy soil is an irreversible sorption and/or degradation rather than retardation. Decay of Benzene through sorption and degradation increased with the addition of hydrogen peroxide and/or microorganism. Dissolved oxygen decreased with the increase of Benzene in all cases indicating that Benzene was degraded by dissolved oxygen. For BTCs with the addition of microorganisms (case 3 and case 4), microorganism showed much lower concentrations compared to the initial levels and an increasing tendency with time although concentrations of Benzene returned to zero, indicating a possible retardation of microorganism due to reversible and irreversible sorption to the particle surfaces.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제11권10호
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• pp.940-945
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• 1998

In this paper, we obtained the data, which is required in training the neural network and diagnosing the degradation degree, by introducing the AE detection that is effective method in ordinary degradation diagnosis on activation. Aa the results of generalization tests by appling neural network to the unknown AE patterns obtained from two kinds of specimen, firstly as to evaluate an objective performance of neural network, the recognition ration for no-void specimen and 1[mm] -void specimen are appeared to be 98.9% and 92.5%, respectively. Also, in the evaluation of the adaptability of neural network with a new type of 0.2[mm] -void specimen, it is confirmed that the result appears to be 64% of recognition ratio at 94% of confidence interval coefficient in expectation output 0.2. On the other hand, the recognition capability of the neural network was confirmed by data from no-void and 1[mm] void specimen. The results prove the promising possibility of the application of ANN to discriminate specific void affecting as main degradation source at partial discharge condition in insulator containing multi-void by accummulated data base.

• 약학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.60-62
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• 1959

We found a fact, when Kochuzang goes on ferment, that capsaicin in Kochuzang breaks down to other substances. And those substances are less hot than original capsaicin. The degradation of capsaicin depends on the concentration of table salt in Kochuzang. Nevertheless, these is rather no difference between a Kochuzang which contains no salt and the other one which contains sufficient salt when we assay them by Electrophotometry. We can explain this contradiction by making an assumption that the degradation might be happened at the acid radical part of capsaicin and not at Vanillyl radical.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.704-708
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• 2001

The effect of nutrient nitrogen on the degradation of pentachlorophenol (PCP) by Phanerochaete chrysosporium in a liquid culture was investigated. PCP disappeared at almost the same rate in both nutrient nitrogen-sufficient (NS) and -limited (NL) sttionary cultures. However, more pentachloroanisole (PCA) was accumulated in the NS culture than in the NL culture. The effect of nitrogen on the degradation of PCA was also tested in both cultures. PCA disappeared faster in the NL culture than in the NS culture, indicating that the lower accumulation of PCA during the degradation of PCP in the NL culture was due to the faster degradation of PCA in the NL culture than in the NS culture. In another experiment, PCA was added to shaking cultures rather than stationary cultures to search for any other metabolite(s). While no other metabolite but PCA was found in the NS stationary culture, 2,4,5,6-tetrachloro-2,5-cyclohexadiene-1,4-dione(TCHD) was found as the only indentifiable product in the NL shaking culture. Thus, PCP would appear to be metabolized to TCHD via PCa or directly oxidized to TCHD by lignin peroxidase. Since all the above results indicate that no innocuous metabolite was formed during the degradation of PCP by the fungus, it is quite feasible to use the fungus in the biotreatment of PCP.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.368-373
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• 2003

This experiment was conducted to examine the effects on the composition and rumen degradation in sacco of rice straw treated with animal urine (1 l of 2.9 g N/kg DM straw) and urea plus calcium hydroxide (2% urea plus 0.5% $Ca(OH)_2$/kg DM straw) as a cheap and relatively safe alternative for ammonia (3% ammonia solution/kg DM straw). Mold occurred in urine treated straw, but other treatments were apparently mold-free. All treatments significantly (p<0.05) increased CP content in the straw compared with untreated one. Ammonia-treated straw contained CP at about twice that in urine or urea-calcium hydroxide treated straw. NDF and hemicellulose contents decreased significantly (p<0.05) in all treatments, while ADF and cellulose showed no differences compared with untreated straw. The degradable fraction of DM, CP, NDF, hemicellulose and cellulose was significantly (p<0.05) increased for ammonia and urea-calcium hydroxide treatments than for urine treated or untreated straw except for CP of urine treated straw. Chemical treatment of rice straw increased the readily degradable fraction of CP, while it decreased the slowly degradable fraction for urine or urea-calcium hydroxide treated rice straw. The degradation rate of hemicellulose was significantly (p<0.05) increased for ammonia and urea-calcium hydroxide treatments compared to urine treated or untreated straw. However, no effect on cellulose degradation rate was found by any of the treatments. There was no improvement in the degradation kinetics caused by the urine treatment despite the improvement of the chemical composition. Although the improvement in rumen degradability was less in the urea-calcium hydroxide treatment than in the ammonia treatment, its use may be more desirable because it is less expensive to obtain, less hazardous nature, and readily available. For further improvement it is necessary to investigate the supplementation of slowly degradable nitrogen to ureacalcium hydroxide treated rice straw diet.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.127-131
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• 2006

The furcocercus cercariae of Neodiplostomum seoulense (Digenea: Neodiplostomidae) penetrate the skins of tadpoles and shed their tails. The speculated mechanism of this tail loss was physical efforts required to produce a vigorous zigzag motion during skin penetration; no other mechanism has been proposed. We examined the relationship between the host serum and cercarial tail loss. Cercariae of N. seoulense were collected from experimentally infected Segmentina hemisphaerula, and lots of 300 cercariae were cultured in medium 199 contained several types of sera. Cercarial tail degradation was induced in all media, but all the cercariae cultured except those cultured in media containing fetal bovine serum (FBS) died within 48 hr. After 72 hr cultivation in media containing FBS, cercarial tail degradation was induced in 67.0%; in continuous cultivation 13.3% of larvae survived for 7 days. Tail degradation did not occur in the absence of serum and when serum was heat inactivated at $56^{\circ}C$ for 30 min. The addition of 20 mM ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) blocked cercarial tail degradation completely. Moreover, the addition of 20 mM $MgCl_2$ restored tail degradation blocked by EDTA. These results suggest that the alternative complement pathway is related with the N. seoulense cercarial tail degradation induced by serum.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.489-495
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• 2011

These studies were conducted to investigate the effects an herbal extract composition(MHE) containing $Hovenia$ $dulcis$ T., $Artemisa$ $capillaris$ T., $Pueraria$ $thunbergiana$ B., $Polygonatum$ $falcatum$ A., $Agastache$ $rugosa$ O., $Silybum$ $marianum$ L. and $Glycyrrhiza$ $uralensis$ F. in alcohol administered mice. Prophylactic administration of different doses of MHE(20~100 mg/kg) had beneficial actions toward alcohol degradation in acute alcohol treated mice. In addition, intraperitoneal administration of the MHE showed anti-inflammatory effects in inhibition tests of vascular permeability produced by acetic acid. MHE also reduced the concentrations of nitric oxide(NO) and tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-${\alpha}$ in macrophages that were activated by LPS. These results demonstrate that MHE possesses the potential to stimulate alcohol degradation and inhibit inflammatory effects in mice.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 1998년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.297-300
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• 1998

In this paper, we obtained the data, which is required in training the neural network and diagnosing the degradation degree, by introducing the AE detection that is effective method in ordinary degradation diagnosis on activation. Automatic detection system to detect acoustic. As the results of generalization tests by appling neural network to the unknown AE patterns obtained from specimens, firstly as to evaluate an objective performance of neural network, the recognition ratio for no-void specimen is appeared. Also, in the evaluation for the adaptability of neural network with a untrained type of no-void specimen, it is confirmed that the result appears.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.49-58
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• 2000

The present study was performed to investigate photodegradation rate constants and degradation products of phosphamidon and profenofos by the USEPA method. The two pesticides were very stable in 16 days exposure of sunlight from September 3 to 22, 1999 and humic acid had no sensitizing effect on the photolysis of each pesticide in sunlight. In the UV irradiation test, phosphamidon was rapidly degraded as increasing UV intensity. In case of UV irradiation with TiO2 and with TiO2 powder amount, degradation of profenofos showed no significant difference with UV irradiation. Photodegradation rate of profenofos was slower than that of phosphamidon. In order to identify photolysis products, the extracts of degradation products were analyzed by GC/MS. The mass spectra of photolysis products of phosphamidon were at m/z 153 and 149, those of the profenofos were at m/z 208 and 240, respectively. It was suggested that the photolysis products of phosphamidon were 0, 0-dimethyl phosphate(DMP) and N, N-diethylchloroacetamide, those of profenofos were 4-bromo-2-chlorophenol and 0-ethyl-S-propyl phosphate.