• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.107-111
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• 2010

This paper provided a brief summary of the current strategic goals, activities, and impacts of the NIOSH (National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health) occupational injury research program. Three primary drivers (injury database, stakeholder input, and staff capacity) were used to define NIOSH research focuses to maximize relevance and impact of the NIOSH injury-prevention-research program. Injury data, strategic goals, program activities, and research impacts were presented with a focus on prevention of four leading causes of workplace injury and death in the US: motor vehicle incidents, falls, workplace violence, and machine and industrial vehicle incidents. This paper showcased selected priority goals, activities, and impacts of the NIOSH injury prevention program. The NIOSH contribution to the overall decrease in fatalities and injuries is reinforced by decreases in specific goal areas. There were also many intermediate outcomes that are on a direct path to preventing injuries, such as new safety regulations and standards, safer technology and products, and improved worker safety training. The outcomes serve as an excellent foundation to stimulate further research and worldwide partnership to address global workplace injury problems.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.119-124
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• 2009

Purpose: The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) lifting equation (NLE) is a useful tool to ergonomically analyze a workload. The NLE has high reliability and it can assess tasks by analyzing the work process. The purpose of this case study was to try using the NLE to analyze the workload of transferring patients by physical therapists in the hospital setting. Methods: We observed a physical therapist (PT) transferring patients from a wheelchair to a tilt table and a therapeutic table in one day. Two types of patient transferring methods were evaluated; (1) the manual single person method of stand, pivot and transfer, and (2) manual two person lifting under the thigh and grasping the waist for totally dependent patients. Results: The NIOSH lifting indexes of a person grasping the waist during the manual two person lifting were 5.52~4.48 according to the patient's weight. The NIOSH lifting indexes were 3.34 and 4.48 for the tasks performed by the manual single person method. Conclusion: Because transferring patients is not done very frequently, patients transferring tasks by a PT are not included as one of the musculoskeletal disorder related risky work criteria of the Korea Ministry of Labor. But the NIOSH lifting indexes of a person grasping the waist during the manual two person lifting and the manual single person method were over the NIOSH recommended weight limit threshold.

• Proceedings of the ESK Conference
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• 1993.04a
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• pp.88-99
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• 1993

본 연구에서는 이미 연구된 MMH 기준에 관한 연구(NIOSH Guide)를 토대로, 이 기준이 우리나라 작업자에게 맞는가를 알아보았다. 실험은 심리육체적 방법을 이용해서 피실험자 대학생 30명을 대상으로 9개의 작업에 대해서 각각 20분간 실시하여 NIOSH Guide에 의한 신체특성과 제한무게가 문화적 배경이 다른 한국인 작업자에게도 적합한가를 알아보았다. 본 연구의 결론은 NIOSH Guide 가 한국인 작업자들에게 직접사용될 수 없으며, 연구와 조정을 거친 후 한국인에게 적합한 모델을 개발하여야 된다는 것이다.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.43-50
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to investigate applicability of NIOSH lifting equation(NLE) to analysis of workload for patient transferring. In principle, the NLE is not applied to analyzing workload of patient transferring, because 1) the task is generally performed by two or more persons; 2) unlike ordinary objects, human body of patients is basically unstable load with their location of the center of mass significantly varying during lifting activity; and 3) the task is done in a restricted work space. This study was conducted through comparison of NIOSH lifting indexes(LIs) and L5/S1 compressive forces by 3DSSPP for patient transferring tasks performed by 2~6 persons. The results showed that LIs are linearly correlated with L5/S1 compressive forces with correlation coefficient of 0.92, which resulted in a significant simple linear regression equation for LIs and L5/S1 compressive forces. Consequently, it was concluded that the NLE is applicable to transferring patient only with slight modification. Based on the results, instead of 1.0 originally used by NIOSH, the LI of 1.5 was proposed as a gauge to estimate whether or not the task needs corrective action to reduce risk for developing lifting-related low back pain.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.76-82
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• 2009

The NIOSH lifting equation has been used as a dominant tool in evaluating the hazard levels of lifting tasks. Although it provides two different ways for each simple and complex lifting task, the NIOSH simple lifting equation is almost used for not only simple tasks but also complex tasks. However, most of lifting tasks in industries are in the form of complex lifting. Therefore some errors occur inevitably in the evaluation of complex lifting tasks. Among complex lifting tasks, a multi-stacking task is the most popular in lifting tasks. To compensate the error in the evaluation of multi-stacking tasks by using the NIOSH simple lifting equation, a set of calculations for finding LIs(Lifting Indices) was performed for the systematically varying multi-stacking tasks. Then a regression model which finds the equivalent height in simple lifting task for multi-stacking task was established. By using this model, multi-stacking tasks can be evaluated with less error. To validate this model, some real multi-stacking tasks were evaluated as examples.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.1-18
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to compare performances of two analytical methods, the OSHA 42 and the NIOSH 5522, of quantifying total isocyanates in air. These methods were compared in terms of accuracy and precision and the detection limits using four(4) spiked samples in each of four(4) concentration levels which ranged from 0.25 to 2.0 times of the ACGIH TLV-TWA. In addition, two methods were used to as sess airborne concentrations of total isocyanates at the following processes including autobody spray painting, furniture spray painting, polyurethane foaming, urethane adhesion, UV coating, and pigment mixing. The results of this study showed that the NIOSH 5522 method was better than the OSHA 42 method in terms of accuracy, precis ion, and detection limit for quantifying airborne total isocyanates. It was also clear that the NIOSH method was capable of detecting not only monomeric but also non-monomeric isocyanates. The results of air concentrations of total isocyanates among processes studied indicate that some processes may exceed the recommended level of isocyanates. In addition, to evaluate toxicological effects of total isocyanates, it is recommended to consider additive effects of isocyanates present in mixtures.

• 대한예방의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2000.10a
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• pp.300-301
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• 2000

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.23 no.56
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• pp.93-102
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• 2000

Today, the number of automated machine has rapidly increased in industrial workplaces. Nevertheless, workers are often required to handle materials manually. Technical information for using the revised NIOSH lifting equation to evaluate a variety of two - handed Manual Material Handling (MMH) tasks was investigated. The NIOSH suggested the Lifting Index that provides a relative estimate of the level of physical stress associated with a particular manual lifting task. To measure operator's workload in lifting task, Lifting Index Simulator(LIS) was developed based upon the revised NIOSH lifting equation in this study. The purpose of this study was to develop LIS and use the NIOSH lifting equation in our workplace.

• 월간산업보건
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• s.85
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• pp.21-24
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• 1995

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.109-116
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to evaluate a new sampling and analytical method for the determination of airborne hexavalent chromium, Cr(Ⅵ), in a field plating operation. The procedures of this new method (Shin & Paik's Method) are as the following: Airborne hexavalent chromium is collected on polyvinyl chloride (PVC) filter according to the National Institute iota Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Method 7600, and the filler sample is placed in a screw-capped vial and soaked with 2% NaOH/3% Na₂CO₃ solution immediately after sampling. The Cr(Ⅵ) sample is analyzed by ion chromatography/visible spectrophotometry (IC/VS) according to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Method 218.6. The airborne Cr(Ⅵ) concentrations measured by this method were compared with those determined by three reference methods: One (NIOSH/EPA Method) consisted of sampling airborne Cr(Ⅵ) on PVC filters and storing the sample filters in strew-capped vials according to the NIOSH method, and analyzing Cr(Ⅵ) in samples using IC/VS according to the EPA method. The second method (Impinger Method/NaHCO₃) consisted of absorbing airborne Cr(Ⅵ) into 0.02 M NaHCO₃ solution in midget impinger, and analyzing the Cr(Ⅵ) in samples using IC/VS. The third method was the OSHA Method ID-215. Using these four different methods, lour replicates of air samples were collected at an electroplating process and analyzed simultaneously. Two-way ANOVA and paired t-test were used to test difference among values determined by the methods. There was no significant difference and a strong correlation (r²:0.99) between Cr(Ⅵ) concentrations measured by the Shin & Paik's Method and an impinger method (p>0.05). However, Cr(Ⅵ) concentrations determined by Shin & Paik's Method were significant1y different from those by the NIOSH/EPA Method (p<0.05) or the OSHA method (p<0.05). The Cr(Ⅵ) concentrations of Shin & Paik's Method were significantly higher than those of the NIOSH/EPA Method or the OSHA method. This result indicated that the Shin & Paik's Method may prevent Cr(Ⅵ) losses caused by reduction and give more reliable results of airborne Cr(Ⅵ) concentrations in work environments.