• 한국응용약물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국응용약물학회 2003년도 Annual Meeting of KSAP : International Symposium on Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences on Obesity
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• pp.61-61
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• 2003

The ethanol extract of peony root (Paeonia Lactiflora Pall, Paeoniaceae) and its major active components including gallic acid and methyl gallate were evaluated for their protective effects against free radical generation and lipid peroxidation. And protective effects against hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative DNA damage in a mammalian cell line were performed. The ethanol extract of peony root (PRE), gallic acid and methyl gallate were shown to possess the significant free radical scavenging effect against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazine (DPPH) radical generation and were revealed the inhibitory effect of lipid peroxidation as expressed by malondialdehyde (MDA) formation. They were also found to strongly inhibit hydrogen peroxide-induced DNA damage from NIH/3T3 fibroblasts, assessed by single cell gel electrophoresis. Furthermore, oral administration of 50% PRE (50% ethanol extract), gallic acid and methyl gallate potently inhibited micronucleated reticulocyte (MNRET) formation of mouse peripheral blood induced by KBrO3 treatment in vivo. Therefore, PRE containing gallic acid and methyl gallate may be a useful natural antioxidant by scavenging free radicals, inhibition of lipid peroxidation and protecting oxidative DNA damage.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.476-480
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• 2003

Cornis fructus was extracted by successive extraction and then fractionated with hexane extract to get active fractions. This study was performed to determine the cytotoxic effect of hexane extract from Cornis fructus on NIH 3T3 fibroblasts and cancer cell lines using MTT assay. Hexane extract showed cytotoxic effect against A549, B16 melanoma and MDA-MB-231. Futher fractionation with hexane extract was performed to obtain effective fraction, fraction 3 showed the cytotoxic effect against A549 and MDA-MB-231. In antimicrobial test of each fraction of hexane extract, fraction 5 showed antimicrobial activities against P. putida and P. aeruginosa.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제28권7호
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• pp.775-783
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• 2005

The ethanol extract of the peony root (Paeonia Lactiflora Pall, Paeoniaceae) as well as its major active components including gallic acid and methyl gallate were evaluated for their protective effects against free radical generation and lipid peroxidation. In addition, the protective effects against hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative DNA damage in a mammalian cell line were examined. The ethanol extracts of the peony root (PREs) and its active constituents, gallic acid and methyl gallate, exhibited a significant free radical scavenging effect against 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazine (DPPH) radical generation and had an inhibitory effect on lipid peroxidation, as measured by the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) formation. The PREs did not have any pro-oxidant effect. They strongly inhibited the hydrogen peroxide-induced DNA damage from NIH/3T3 fibroblasts, as assessed by single cell gel electrophoresis. Furthermore, the oral administration of 50% PRE (50% ethanol extract of peony root), gallic acid and methyl gallate potently inhibited the formation of micronucleated reticulocytes (MNRET) in the mouse peripheral blood induced by a $KBrO_3$ treatment in vivo. Therefore, PREs containing gallic acid and methyl gallate may be a useful antigenotoxic antioxidant by scavenging free radicals, inhibiting lipid peroxidation and protecting against oxidative DNA damage without exhibiting any pro-oxidant effect.

• 대한화장품학회지
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.279-287
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• 2014

폐경 이후 여성에서 발생되는 에스트로겐의 감소는 피부노화와 밀접한 관련이 있으며, 피부의 정상적 상태와 기능을 저하시키게 된다. 지난 10여 년간 보고된 많은 연구결과를 살펴보면, 에스트로겐은 폐경 이후 여성의 피부에서 콜라겐 감소를 막아주고, 탄력을 회복시키며, 건조한 피부를 개선시키는 등의 피부 안티에이징 효능을 가지는 것을 알 수 있다. 에스트로겐과 유사한 구조로 인해 파이토에스트로겐이라 알려진 이소플라본은 자외선에 의해 유도된 피부 손상을 보호하는 기작이 널리 알려져 왔으나 피부세포에서 에스트로겐과 유사한 안티에이징 효능을 가지는지에 대해서는 많은 연구가 진행되지 않았다. 이에 본 연구에서는 콩류 등에 많이 함유된 이소플라본인 다이드제인이 에스트로겐과 유사한 활성 및 효능을 가지는지 밝히고자 하였다. 먼저 에스트로겐 수용체와의 결합을 통한 transcriptional activity에 미치는 효과를 luciferase assay를 통해 살펴본 결과, 다이드제인은 대조군에 비해 농도 의존적으로 estrogen receptor-dependent transcriptional activity를 유의하게 증가시켰다. 다음으로 사람의 피부 섬유아세포를 이용하여 다이드제인이 세포외 기질단백질 성분들의 발현에 미치는 효과를 조사한 결과, 다이드제인은 콜라겐 타입 I, 콜라겐 타입 IV, 엘라스틴 및 피브릴린-1의 발현을 유의하게 증가시키는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 모든 실험조건에서 에스트로겐 단독 효능과의 비교 분석을 통해 다이드제인은 에스트로겐과 유사한 효능을 가진다는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 본 연구 결과를 통해 다이드제인은 기존에 알려진 이소플라본의 광보호 효능과 더불어 파이토에스트로겐 효능을 가짐으로써 갱년기 여성의 피부 안티에이징을 위해 활용할 수 있을 것이라 제안한다.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.462-467
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• 2008

TPA is known to cooperate with an activated Ras oncogene in the transformation of rodent fibroblasts, but the biochemical mechanisms responsible for this effect have not been established. In the present study we used c-fos promoter-luciferase constructs as reporters, in transient transfection assays, in NIH3T3 cells to assess the mechanism of this cooperation. We found a marked synergistic interaction between TPA and a transfected v-Ha-ras oncogene in the activation of c-fos promoter and SRE. SRE has binding sites for TCF and SRF. A dominant-negative Ras (ras-N17) inhibited the TPA-Ras synergy by blocking the PKC-MAPK-TCF pathway. Dominant-negative RhoA and Rac1 (but not Cdc42Hs) inhibited the TPA-Ras synergy by blocking the Ras-Rho-SRF signaling pathway. Constitutively active $PKC{\alpha}$ and $PKC{\varepsilon}$ showed synergy with v-Ras. These results suggest that the activation of two distinct pathways such as Ras-Raf-ERK-TCF pathway and Rho-SRF pathway are responsible for the induction of c-fos by TPA and Ras in mitogenic signaling pathways.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.288-293
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• 2007

The conversion of mitotic chromosome into interphase chromatin consists of at least two separate processes, the decondensation of the mitotic chromosome and the formation of the higher-order structure of interphase chromatin. Previously, we showed that depletion of BAF53 led to the expansion of chromosome territories and decompaction of the chromatin, suggesting that BAF53 plays an essential role in the formation of higher-order chromatin structure. We report here that BAF53 is associated with mitotic chromosomes during mitosis. Immunostaining with two different anti-BAF53 antibodies gave strong signals around the DNA of mitotic preparations of NIH3T3 cells and mouse embryo fibroblasts (MEFs). The immunofluorescent signals were located on the surface of mitotic chromosomes prepared by metaphase spread. BAF53 was also found in the mitotic chromosome fraction of sucrose gradients. Association of BAF53 with mitotic chromosomes would allow its rapid activation on the chromatin upon exit from mitosis.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제45권5호
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• pp.520-528
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• 2019

Objectives: This study assessed the cytotoxicity of the metallic mordant cupric acetate (CA) and the protective effect of Albizzia julibrissin (AJ) leaf extract on CA-induced cytotoxicity in NIH3T3 fibroblasts. Methods: For this study, cell viability and antioxidative effects such as the inhibitory activity of lipid peroxidation (LP) and superoxide anion-radical (SAR) scavenging activity were assessed. Results: CA significantly decreased cell viability in a dose-dependent manner, and the $XTT_{50}$ value was measured as $55.0{\mu}M$ of CA. The cytotoxicity of CA was determined as highly toxic by Borenfreund and Puerner's toxic criteria. The catalase antioxidant significantly increased cell viability diminished by CA-induced cytotoxicity in these cultures. Regarding the protective effect of AJ leaf extract on CA-induced cytotoxicity, AJ leaf extract remarkably increased the SAR scavenging ability and the inhibitory ability of LP. From these findings, it is suggested that oxidative stress is involved in the cytotoxicity of CA, and AJ leaf extract effectively protected CA-induced cytotoxicity via antioxidative effects. Conclusions: Natural resources like AJ leaf extract may be a putative therapeutic agent for treatment or alleviation of the toxicity induced by CA metallic mordant.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.348-356
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• 2019

This study evaluated the dermal cytotoxicity of sodium bromate (NaBrO₃) and the protective effect of Aster tataricus L. (AT) extract against NaBrO₃-induced cytotoxicity in the cultured NIH3T3 fibroblasts. For this study, it was done the antioxidative effects such as electron donating (ED) activity and lipid peroxidation (LP) activity as well as cell viability. NaBrO₃ significantly decreased cell viability in a dose-dependent manner and its XTT₅₀ value was measured at a concentration of 54.4 μM in these cultures. The cytotoxicity of NaBrO₃ was determined as highly-toxic by Borenfreund and Puerner's toxic criteria. The quercetin, antioxidant significantly increased cell viability against NaBrO₃-induced cytotoxicity. Regarding the protective effect of Aster tataricus (AT) L. extract on NaBrO₃-induced cytotoxicity, AT extract significantly increased the cell viability, the ED ability and the inhibitory ability of LP. From these findings, it suggested that the oxidative stress is involved in the cytotoxicity of NaBrO₃, and AT extract effectively protected NaBrO₃-induced cytotoxicity by antioxidative effects. Conclusively, the natural component like AT extract may be a putative therapeutic agent for the diminution or treatment of the cytotoxicity correlated with oxidative stress like hair dye component, NaBrO₃.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권23호
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• pp.10397-10400
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• 2015

Stigmalactam, an aristolactam-type alkaloid extracted from Orophea enterocarpa, exerts cytotoxicity against several human and murine cancer cell lines, but the molecular mechanisms remain elusive. The aims of this study were to identify the mode and mechanisms of human cancer cell death induced by stigmalactam employing human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 and human invasive breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells as models, compared to normal murine fibroblasts. It was found that stigmalactam was toxic to HepG2 and MDA-MB-231 cells with $IC_{50}$ levels of $23.0{\pm}2.67{\mu}M$ and $33.2{\pm}4.54{\mu}M$, respectively, using MTT assays. At the same time the $IC_{50}$ level towards murine normal fibroblast NIH3T3 cells was $24.4{\pm}6.75{\mu}M$. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was reduced in stigmalactam-treated cells dose dependently after 4 h of incubation, indicating antioxidant activity, measured by using 2',7',-dichlorohydrofluorescein diacetate and flow cytometry. Caspase-3 and caspase-9 activities were increased in a dose response manner, while stigmalactam decreased the mitochondrial transmembrane potential dose-dependently in HepG2 cells, using 3,3'-dihexyloxacarbocyanine iodide and flow cytometry, indicating mitochondrial pathway-mediated apoptosis. In conclusion, stigmalactam from O. enterocarpa was toxic to both HepG2 and MDA-MB-231 cells and induced human cancer HepG2 cells to undergo apoptosis via the intrinsic (mitochondrial) pathway.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물공학회 2004년도 학술대회지
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• pp.1-20
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• 2004

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), one a group of persistent and widespread environmental pollutants, have been considered to be involved in immunotoxicity, carcinogenesis, and apoptosis. However, the toxic effects and physical properties of a PCB congener are dependent on the structure. In the present study, we investigate the toxic effects and action mechanisms of PCBs In cells. Among the various congeners tested, 2,2',4,6,6'-PeCB-pentachlorobiphenyl (PeCB), a highly ortho-substituted congener having negligible binding affinity for aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), caused the most potent toxicity and specific effects in several cell types. 2,2',4,6,6'-PeCB induced apoptotic cell death of human monocytic cells, suggesting that PCB-induced apoptosis may be linked to immunotoxicity. In addition, 2,2',4,6,6'-PeCB induced mitotic arrest by interfering with mitotic spindle assembly in NIH3T3 fibroblasts, followed by genetic instability which triggers p53 activation. Which suggests that 2,2',4,6,6'-PeCB may be involved in cancer development by causing genetic instability through mitotic spindle damage. On the other hand, 2,2',4,6,6'-PeCB increased cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) involved in cell survival through ERK1/2 MAPK and p53 in Rat-1 fibroblasts and mouse embryonic fibroblasts, triggering compensatory mechanism for abating its toxicity. Taken together, these results demonstrate that PCB congeners of different structure have distinct mechanism of action and 2,2',4,6,6'-PeCB causes several toxicity as well as compensatory mechanism in cells.