• 대한한방소아과학회지
• /
• 제38권1호
• /
• pp.1-9
• /
• 2024

Objective The purpose of this study was to confirm the effects of Galgeunhwanggeumhwangryeon-tang (PSCG) extract on skin moisturizing, antibacterial, and tight junction recovery in atopic dermatitis-induced mice. Methods In this study, we used 4-week-old NC/Nga mice divided into four groups: control (Ctrl), lipid barrier elimination (LBE), dexamethasone (Dx) after lipid barrier elimination (DEX), and PSCG after lipid barrier elimination (PSC). Ten rats were assigned to each treatment group. Three days after drug administration following lipid barrier elimination, ceramide kinase, caspase 14, sodium hydrogen antiporter (NHE), cathelicidin, claudin, and toll-like receptor (TLR)-2 were observed to confirm the restoration of skin moisturizer production, antimicrobial barriers, and tight junctions in the skin barrier. Results Ceramide kinase and caspase 14 positive reaction were significantly higher in PSC than in LBE and DEX. Both NHE and cathelicidin showed higher positive reactions in PSC than in LBE and DEX. Claudin, and TLR-2 showed higher levels of positive staining in the PSC group than in the LBE and DEX groups. Conclusion It was confirmed that the PSCG extract can have the potential to restore the damaged skin barrier in atopic dermatitis.

• 유통과학연구
• /
• 제22권6호
• /
• pp.45-56
• /
• 2024

Purpose: This study utilizes value chain analysis to investigate the distribution of benefits in the snubnose pompano product value chain, aiming to ascertain how these benefits are obtained by the farmers. Research design, data and methodology: The study approaches the assessment components from the economic analysis framework of the value chain. It investigates the various actors involved in the value chain of snubnose pompano fishery products in the South-Central Coast region of Vietnam from 2020 to 2022. Data collection is conducted through direct interviews with the actors utilizing survey questionnaires. Results: The results indicate that farmers, traders, and processors are key actors in the chain. The distribution of benefits between farmers and other actors has improved and tended towards greater harmony over the years. However, farmers receive benefits that are not commensurate with their value-added contribution. Farmers contribute the greatest value-added, but their profit margin share is not commensurate with the ratio of their value-added contribution to the chain. Farmers suffer the highest degrees of losses caused by price fluctuation and production risks, while other actors face smaller risks. Conclusions: The study offers some recommendations to adjust the distribution of benefits and risks among participants in this value chain.

• Journal of Power Electronics
• /
• 제15권3호
• /
• pp.753-762
• /
• 2015

This paper presents a nonlinear sliding mode control (SMC) scheme with a variable damping ratio for interior permanent magnet synchronous motors (IPMSMs). First, a nonlinear sliding surface whose parameters change continuously with time is designed. Actually, the proposed SMC has the ability to reduce the settling time without an overshoot by giving a low damping ratio at the initial time and a high damping ratio as the output reaches the desired setpoint. At the same time, it enables a fast convergence in finite time and eliminates the singularity problem with the upper bound of an uncertain term, which cannot be measured in practice, by using a simple adaptation law. To improve the efficiency of a system in the constant torque region, the control system incorporates the maximum torque per ampere (MTPA) algorithm. The stability of the nonlinear sliding surface is guaranteed by Lyapunov stability theory. Moreover, a simple sliding mode observer is used to estimate the load torque and system uncertainties. The effectiveness of the proposed nonlinear SMC scheme is verified using comparative experimental results of the linear SMC scheme when the speed reference and load torque change under system uncertainties. From these experimental results, the proposed nonlinear SMC method reveals a faster transient response, smaller steady-state speed error, and less sensitivity to system uncertainties than the linear SMC method.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
• /
• 제7권12호
• /
• pp.445-453
• /
• 2020

Independence is a factor which has a significant impact on auditing quality, especially in the recent times where the marketplace is increasingly demanding transparency. The independence of auditors is assessed based on the main criteria such as the reliability of the audit opinions, the accuracy, truthfulness of financial reports, and the objectivity in the opinions of the auditor. The study investigates the effects of non-audit services (NAS) on auditor independence in emerging economies such as Vietnam. Non-audit services include taxation services, management advisory services and outsourcing internal audit services. Based on previously relevant researches, the authors develop hypotheses and a regression model about non-audit services (independent variables) and audit independence (dependent variable). The research collects data by 5-scale Likert questionnaire. The findings indicate the relationship between NAS and auditor independence. Specifically, the results reveal two main factors that have influence on auditor independence, namely, taxation services and management advisory services. The results of our research can be considered as new findings and can be compared to previous researches in Vietnam, which establishes a new viewpoint about the relationship between the NAS and the independence of the auditor. This result can be implemented for countries or jurisdictions which are similar to Vietnam.

• 한국공간정보시스템학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국공간정보시스템학회 2007년도 GIS 공동춘계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.203-211
• /
• 2007

세계화의 빠른 진행과 더불어 외국에 대한 정확한 인식은 매우 중요한 문제로 등장하였다. 아직도 사실적 오류와 더불어 국제관계에서의 위치 때문에 많은 오류가 남아 있는 점도 사실이다. 그 가운데 미국의 위성영상서비스 가운데 가장 대표적인 구글사의 검색서비스와 미국지리정보국의 지명데이터베이스에 관한 내용을 분석함으로서 문제의 뿌리가 어디인지를 밝히고자 하였다. 이미 구글에 관련된 논문은 Science Direct 검색결과 69개가 검색되고 있을 만큼 전세계적 문화적 영향력을 가지고 있다. 본고에서는 전 세계의 지명을 영어로 서비스하고 있는 구글사와 미국의 지명 DB내에 있는 오류사례를 찾아내고, 그 유형을 분석하고, 특히 일제의 강점을 당했던 한국과 대만사례를 비교하는 데 있다. 대만 역시 1945년 제2차 세계대전의 종전으로 인해 일본의 영향에서 벗어나게 되었다. 따라서 지명에도 일본의 영향이 크게 남아 있을 것으로 보고 앞서 나온 유형대로 몇 개의 분석을 실시하였다. 그 중 대표적인 것을 들면, 경상남도 남해군 일원의 위성영상을 보면 최소한 3개의 일본식 지명이 나타난다. 우선 해양지명으로 미조만은 Mijo-wan으로 앵강만은 Oko-wan으로 표시되어 있고, 천황산은 Tenno San이라는 지명으로 나타나고 있다. 제주도의 한라산을 지칭하는 표준어는 Halla-san으로 등재되어 있으나 이명으로 소개되어 있는 것이 무려 11개나 등록되어 있는 것으로 파악되었다. Halla-san에 대한 미국의 NGA(National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency)의 지명정보 데이터베이스에서 검색한 결과는 아래와 같다. 앞의 간라산 또는 간다산 등은 일본식 표기임이 확실하며 여기에 오크랜드산(Auckland, Mount)이라고 또한 표기되어 있음을 확인할 수 있다. 대만의 경우 총 1,280개의 산악명과 산맥명이 등재되어 있으니 일본어 표기는 하나도 없으며, 영어로 Central Mountains와 Seaboard Mountains두개만 영문표기 지명이 등재되어 있을 뿐이며, 그 가운데 12개는 한자로 표기되어 있다. 국내의 지명이 모두 영문 알파벳으로 표기된 것과는 달리 대만의 경우 한자지명이 그대로 데이터베이스에 등재되어 있다. 하천의 경우를 분석해보면 1485개의 지명이 등록되어 있으며 이 가운데 24개는 한자지명으로 표기되어 있다. 유형별 분석을 통한 연구결과가 올바른 지명 찾기에 기여하고, 독도와 백두산에 국한된 지명논쟁의 근간을 공고히 하는데 기여할 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국측량학회지
• /
• 제38권2호
• /
• pp.153-163
• /
• 2020

After launching the GOCE (Gravity Field and Steady-State Ocean Circulation Explorer) which obtains high-frequency gravity signal using a gravity gradiometer, many research institutes are concentrating on the development of GGM (Global Geopotential Model) based on GOCE data and evaluating its precision. The precision of some GGMs was also evaluated in Korea. However, some studies dealt with GGMs constructed based on initial GOCE data or others applied a part of GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) / Leveling data on UCPs (Unified Control Points) for the precision evaluation. Now, GGMs which have a higher degree than EGM2008 (Earth Gravitational Model 2008) are available and UCPs were fully established at the end of 2019. Thus, EIGEN-6C4 (European Improved Gravity Field of the Earth by New techniques - 6C4), GECO (GOCE and EGM2008 Combined model), XGM2016 (Experimental Gravity Field Model 2016), SGG-UGM-1, XGM2019e_2159 were collected with EGM2008, and their precisions were assessed based on the GNSS/Leveling data on UCPs. Among GGMs, it was found that XGM2019e_2159 showed the minimum difference compared to a total of 5,313 points of GNSS/Leveling data. It is about a 1.5cm and 0.6cm level of improvement compare to EGM2008 and EIGEN-6C4. Especially, the local biases in the northern part of Gyeonggi-do, Jeju island shown in the EGM2008 was removed, so that both mean and standard deviation of the difference of XGM2019e_2159 to the GNSS/Leveling are homogeneous regardless of region (mountainous or plain area). NGA (National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency) is currently in progress in developing EGM2020 and XGM2019e_2159 is the experimentally published model of EGM2020. Therefore, it is expected that the improved GGM will be available shortly so that it is necessary to verify the precision of new GGMs consistently.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
• /
• 제56권5호
• /
• pp.453-461
• /
• 2018

The aim of this study is to delineate 'admixed hybrid' and 'introgressive' Fasciola genotypes present in the Fasciola population in Vietnam. Adult liver flukes collected from ruminants in 18 Provinces were morphologically sorted out by naked eyes for small (S), medium (M) and large (L) body shapes; and human samples (n=14) from patients. Nuclear ribosomal (rDNA) ITS1 and ITS2, and mitochondrial (mtDNA) nad1 markers were used for determination of their genetic status. Total 4,725 worm samples of ruminants were tentatively classified by their size: 6% (n=284) small (S)-, 13% (n=614) medium (M)-, and 81% (n=3,827) large (L)-forms. All the representative (n=120, as 40 each group) and 14 human specimens, possessed maternal mtDNA of only F. gigantica and none of F. hepatica. Paternally, all (100%) of the L-(n=40) and 77.5% (n=31) of the M-flukes had single F. gigantica rDNA indicating 'pure' F. gigantica. A majority (90%, n=36) of the S- and 15% (n=6) of the M-worms had single F. hepatica rDNA, indicating their introgressive; the rest (10%, n=4) of the S- and 7.5% (n=3) of the M-flukes had mixture of both F. gigantica and F. hepatica rDNAs, confirming their admixed hybrid genetic status. Fourteen human samples revealed 9 (64%) of pure F. gigantica, 3 (22%) of introgressive and 2 (14%) of admixed hybrid Fasciola spp. By the present study, it was confirmed that the small worms, which are morphologically identical with F. hepatica, are admixed and/or introgressive hybrids of Fasciola spp., and able to be the pathogens of human fascioliasis.

• 대한수의학회지
• /
• 제48권4호
• /
• pp.413-421
• /
• 2008

It was previously found that PG102, a water-soluble extract derived from Actinidia arguta, was able to modulate Th1/Th2 pathways and suppress IgE production resulting in dramatic amelioration of atopic dermatitis in NC/Nga mouse and hairless rat models. In order to evaluate the subacute toxicity of PG102, female and male SD rats were daily fed with various doses of PG102 for 4 weeks. Six week old SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups and orally administrated with 100-, 300-, and 1,000- mg/kg of PG102 as well as the vehicle only. At the end of the study, no significant differences in the body and organ weights were observed between control and treated rats of both genders. Hematological and blood chemical analysis showed little differences between the animal groups. Neither gross abnormalities nor histopathological changes were found. PG102 produced little or no subacute toxicity and could be used as a safe nutraceutical for the treatment of individuals with allergic diseases including atopic dermatitis.

• 멤브레인
• /
• 제24권2호
• /
• pp.88-99
• /
• 2014

인구의 증가와 산업의 발전으로 물에 대한 수요가 점차 증가하고 있는 상황에서 안전하고 지속가능한 수자원을 확보하기 위한 방법으로 분리막을 이용한 수처리가 널리 사용되고 있다. 수처리장에서 가장 널리 사용되고 있는 분리막 중 하나인 폴리아마이드 분리막은 분리막 공정 전 단계에서 수행되는 염소살균 처리 후에 잔류하는 염소에 의해 화학적/구조적으로 영향을 받고 성능이 변화하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 본 논문에서는 pH에 따라 수중에 용해되는 염소의 종변화 및 염소에 노출시 폴리아마이드 분리막의 표면 성질 변화와 성능변화의 원리를 다루었다.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
• /
• 제21권3호
• /
• pp.335-343
• /
• 2017

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is an inflammatory skin condition accompanied by symptoms such as edema and hemorrhage. Kimchi is a traditional fermented Korean dish consisting of various probiotics. In this study, the therapeutic effect of Lactobacillus plantarum CJLP55 isolated from Kimchi was studied in AD-induced mice. Orally administered Lactobacillus strain, CJLP55, suppressed AD symptoms and high serum IgE levels. CJLP55 administration reduced the thickness of the epidermis, infiltration of mast cells and eosinophils into the skin lesion, enlargement of axillary lymph nodes, and increase in cell population in axillary lymph nodes. CJLP55 treatment decreased the production of type 2 cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, IL-10, IL-12, interferon (IFN)-${\gamma}$, and IL-6,which were stimulated by house dust mite extracts, in the axillary lymph node cells. Orally administered CJLP55 exhibited a therapeutic effect on house dust mite-induced AD in NC/Nga mice after onset of the disease by altering immune cell activation. The Lactobacillus strain, CJLP55, isolated from Kimchi, suppressed AD. Our results suggest its possible use as a potential candidate for management of AD.