• Communications of Mathematical Education
• /
• v.32 no.2
• /
• pp.175-189
• /
• 2018

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the differences of the mathematics anxiety and mathematical achievement of middle school students according to gender and grade, and to find out which mathematics anxiety causes have more influence on mathematical achievement and how much it is. For this purposes, the problem of this study as follows: firstly, are there any differences in the mathematics anxiety and mathematical achievement according to gender and grade? secondly, are there any relationship between mathematics anxiety and mathematical achievement according to gender and grade? lastly, are there any mathematics anxiety predict to mathematical achievement according to gender and grade? The subjects of this study consist of 171(1st graders), 144(2nd graders), 272(3rd graders) students selected for a class of unit, in middle schools located in Seoul, Korea. In this study, for children's mathematics anxiety, Huh(1996)'s Mathematics Anxiety Scale was used. The collected data were analyzed by using the 24.0 SPSS program. The data were also tested by using the t-test, correlation and multiple regression. The major results of this study were as follows: firstly, mathematics anxiety and mathematical achievement have significant differences depending on gender and grade, secondly, mathematics anxiety and mathematical achievement have significantly related each other depending on gender and grade, lastly, the multiple regression analyses demonstrated that sub factors of mathematics anxiety were the significant predictors of mathematical achievement according to gender and grade.

• Fire Science and Engineering
• /
• v.27 no.3
• /
• pp.85-93
• /
• 2013

Modern fire fighting jobs have been expanded to include areas of rescue, emergency medical service as well as conventional fire suppression, so that load for fire fighting jobs has been increased. Specifically, musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) such as low back injury have been considered as one of major industrial hazards in heavy manual material handling during fire fighting jobs. This study tried to evaluate risk levels and to prepare background for reducing risk levels associated with heavy manual material handling during fire fighting jobs. This study applied two major tools in evaluating heavy manual material handling jobs which were NLE (NIOSH Lifting Equation) and 3DSSPP (3D Static Strength Prediction Program). A risk index in terms of heavy manual material handling during fire fighting jobs was identified. This index consisted of seven risk levels ranged from nine points (the first level) to three points (the seventh level). There was no job associated with the first level (the highest risk level) of index. There was only one job (life saving job) belonging to the second level (the second highest risk level) of index. The third level had jobs such as usage of destruction equipment and lifting patient. A total of basic eighteen jobs was categorized into six different levels (2nd-7th levels) of index. The outcome of the study could provide a good basis for conducting job intervention, preparing good equipment and developing good education program in order to prevent and reduce MSDs including low back injury of fire fighting jobs.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.13 no.5
• /
• pp.2170-2177
• /
• 2012

The ratio of index finger length to ring finger length(2D:4D) is an index of prenatal testosterone and/or estrogen exposure. The aim of this study is to investigate digit ratio and the type of gender-role orientation, to identify the correlation between 2D:4D and gender-role orientation in health and medical students. Participants were 120 male and 146 female university students majoring in health or medicine. After filling in KSRI(Korean Sex Role Inventory), 2nd and 4th finger lengths were measured on both hands using vernier callipers with photocopy. This study showed 2D:4D in the males was 0.95, and that in the females was 0.96 (p<0.01). 38.3% male students revealed androgyny, on the other hand, 35.6% female students revealed undifferentiated type from KSRI. And also, there was a significant difference in masculinity score between male and female but not in feminity score. There was no significant difference in 2D:4D according gender role orientation. The KSRI masculinity score was negatively related to 2D:4D of left hand in male (p<0.05). The results of this study suggest that a more masculine gender role orientation in males is associated with low 2D:4D revealing higher testosterone and/or lower estrogen level in utero. However, more research in 2D:4D ratio to Korean is needed for support of this result.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.13 no.5
• /
• pp.2117-2124
• /
• 2012

This is the study of actual condition and improvement on emergency medical treatment by 119 emergency medical service personnel. The subjects in this study were 299 emergency medical service personnel. Data were collected from May 1 to August 31 of 2010, and analyzed by SPSS 12.0 program. The major area of study of them were study of emergency medical services 41.5%, study of nursing 10.0%, fire fighting related studies 15.4%, health related studies 1.0%, and others 32.1%. The certificate of them were 1st class emergency medical technician(EMT) 38.1%, 2nd class EMT 33.8%, nurse 9.4%, first aid education 14.0%, and others 4.7%. Frequency of Prehospital emergency care, oxygen supply(274), splint apply(229), spinal immobilization(229), external bleeding control(223), medication(7), intravenous(4). Professionally trained EMT makes possible to secure high quality emergency medical treatment in the prehospital phase. Therefore, it is essential for the quality improvement of prehospital emergency care that well trained EMT ride on the ambulance together and take the responsibility for the treatment and transferring of emergency patients. In order to improve the proficiency of 119 emergency medical services personnel, it is also necessary to provide continuous job training programs for the prehospital emergency medical treatment.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
• /
• v.7 no.2
• /
• pp.179-188
• /
• 2004

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the degree of fatigue and its related factors in cancer patients during chemotherapy. Methods: The subjects of this study consisted of 90 patients over 20 years old who were receiving chemotherapy at the injection room of the o.p.d. and ward admission care unit in a University hospital located in Gwang-ju city and data were collected from August 8th to October 2nd, 2002. Collected data were analysed using SPSS v 10.0. to obtain summary statistics for the descriptive analysis, t-test, ANOVA, pearson correlation, and multiple regression. Results: 1. Fatigue of the subjects was significantly correlated with physical distress score. and 6 items of subscale those were nausea, vomiting, anorexia, pain, and immobility, showed statistically significant correlation. 2. Fatigue of the subjects showed statistically significant differences according to a nap satisfaction. Fatigue of the subjects was significantly correlated with mood state, Also, all 5 items of subscale, which are those were anxiety, confusion, depression, energy, and anger showed statistically significant correlations. 3. Fatigue of the subjects showed statistically significant differences according to metastasis, chemotherapy cycle, post operation existence, post radiation therapy existence. There were significant negative correlation between fatigue and hematocrit and fatigue and weight change. There was no significant correlation between fatigue and spiritual well-being state. With the result to multiple regression, Immobility, Anorexia, Anger explained fatigue by, pain, and immobility showed statistically significant correlation.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
• /
• v.17 no.2
• /
• pp.21-32
• /
• 2013

This is a preliminary study for the real-time feedback vibration control of building structures. The study developed a wireless acceleration sensor system based on authentic technology capacities, to integrate with the Prototype AMD system and ultimately construct the feedback vibration control system. These systems were used to evaluate the basic performance levels of the control systems within model building structures. For this purpose, the study first developed a wireless acceleration sensor unit that integrates an MEMS sensor device and bluetooth communication module. Also, the study developed an operating program that enables control output based on real-time acceleration response measurement and control law. Furthermore, the Prototype AMD and motor driver system were constructed to be maneuvered by the AC servo-motor. Eventually, all these compositions were used to evaluate the real-time feedback vibration control system of a 2-story model building, and qualitatively measure the extent of vibrational reduction of the target structure within the laboratory validation tests. As a result of the tests, there was a definite vibrational reduction effect within the laboratory validation tests. As a result of the tests, there was a definite vibrational reduction effect within 1st and 2nd resonance frequency as well as the random frequency of the model building structure. Ultimately, this study confirmed the potential of its wireless acceleration sensor system and AMD system as an effective tool that can be applied to the active vibration control of other structures.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
• /
• v.27 no.4
• /
• pp.1013-1025
• /
• 2016

The purpose of this study was to analyze longitudinal effect of physical education activity (PEA) score on self-rated health evaluation change (SHEC). This study used hierarchical linear and nonlinear models to investigate of the SHEC during the transition into adolescence (from middle school 1st to high school 2nd grade). Using the Korea children and youth panel survey (KCYPA), data were collected over the course of five years (from 2010 and 2014). HLM 6.8 computer program was used to analyze the data. The result were as follows. First, boys' SHEC increased across the five years, and girls' SHEC decreased across the five years. Second, boys' the self-rated health was increased across the three years and decreased across the two years. Third, girls' the self-rated health was increased across the two years and decreased across the three years. Fourth, the PEA score of 1st grade of high school showed a significant positive association with the boys' SHEC. Fifth, the PEA score of 1st grade of middle school showed a significant negative association with the girls' SHEC.

• The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems
• /
• v.14 no.3
• /
• pp.50-62
• /
• 2015

Recently, Subway Line No. 9, described as a 'hell-like' subway for its recorded load factor of max. 240% due to the opening of the 2nd phase extension section, has been causing problems of recurrent congestion in a subway station building. A recurrent congestion in the station building becomes a factor to offend rail users and to reduce the efficiency of railway management. This study aims to establish the methodology for effect evaluation of information provided to rail users, and conducts a gate metering case study considering the congested conditions at a platform among the methodologies for effect evaluation. The metering effect evaluation by load factor was conducted through selecting the micro simulation and pedestrian simulation tool grafting a gate metering. As a result, it was confirmed that, if gate metering is performed, the service level and pedestrian density of a platform by load factor would improve. In other words, if metering is conducted at a platform, it is possible to control the load factor in the waiting space of a platform. Therefore, it was judged through this study that it is possible to set up the index for effect evaluation of information provided to manage congestion of rail users, and establish the methodology for effect evaluation of information provided to rail users through a program.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
• /
• v.26 no.1
• /
• pp.105-114
• /
• 2001

This study was conducted to analyze the change of sex-related knowledges and attitudes of female students after sex education intervention at rural high school. After conducting a pre-survey on 119 subjects of 1st and 2nd grade female students in two rural high schools in November 1999, 150 minute-sex education was provided for the students by health professional from health center. Two follow-up survey were conducted in one month and six months later to evaluate the effect of sex education. The score of knowledge of AIDS was increased from 8.46 in pre-education to 11.90 in one month and 11.87 in six month later. The positive attitude toward the pre-marage sexual relationship was changed from 16.9% in pre-education to 14.4% in one month and 23.5% in six month later. The opinion for the heterosexual intercommunion during school age was not changed by sex education intervention and the subjects were pro for the making male friends during their school period. The subjects were more understood that AIDS patient should be treated humanly and they recognized that the mode of disease transmission and how to prevent the disease. To maintain the effect of sex education, the continuous and regular educational intervention and team approach from school and health professional should be necessary.

• KEPCO Journal on Electric Power and Energy
• /
• v.1 no.1
• /
• pp.157-162
• /
• 2015

Large scale superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) system requires very high magnetic energy density in its superconducting coils to enhance the energy capacity and efficiency of the system. The recent high temperature superconducting (HTS) conductors, so called 2G conductors, show very good performance under very high magnetic field so that they seem to be perfect materials for the large scale SMES coils. A general shape of the coil system with the 2G HTS conductor has been a tor oid, because the magnetic field applied perpendicularly to the surface of the 2G HTS conductor could be minimized in this shape of coil. However, a toroid coil requires a 3-dimensional computation to acquire the characteristics of its critical current density - magnetic field relations which needs very complicated numerical calculation, very high computer specification, and long calculation time. In this paper, we suggested an analytic and statistical calculation method to acquire the maximum magnetic flux density applied perpendicularly to the surface of the 2G HTS conductor and the stored energy in the toroid coil system. Although the result with this method includes some errors but we could reduce these errors within 5 percent to get a reasonable estimation of the important parameters for design process of the HTS toroid coil system. As a result, the calculation time by the suggested method could be reduced to 0.1 percent of that by the 3-dimensional numerical calculation.