• 한국재료학회지
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• 제5권8호
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• pp.1035-1039
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• 1995

경북 감포지역에서 산출되는 천연 벤토나이트를 이용하여 제올라이트를 합성하였으며 세제용 builder로서 가능성을 연구하였다. 최적의 합성조건은 기질의 몰비가 SiO$_2$/Al$_2$O$_3$=2, $Na_2$O$_3$/Al$_2$O$_3$=1, $H_2O$/A1$_2$O$_3$=30이고 9$0^{\circ}C$에서 3시간 반응시킬 경우였고, 이 조건에서는 A형 제올라이트가 합성되는 것을 XRD를 통하여 확인하였다. 최적 조건에서 합성된 제올라이트의 이온교환능을 측정하기 위하여 경도 40$^{\circ}$Dh의 CaCl$_2$용액과 3$0^{\circ}C$에서 IS분 접촉시킨 결과 264.9mg CaO/g-zeolite 정도로 우수한 값을 나타내었다. 이 시료의 백색도는 89%이었고, 평균 입자크기는 9.95$\mu\textrm{m}$이었다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제21권11호
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• pp.1642-1650
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• 2008

The objective of this study was to assess the effect of clinoptilolite (a natural zeolite) on growth and performance of broilers as well as on the quality of their litter. A total of 5,200 one-day old broiler chickens (Cobb 500) were used in two consecutive rounds lasting 42 days each. The broilers were given free and continuous access to a nutritionally non-limiting diet (in meal form) that was either a basal diet (B) or a 'zeolite diet' (Z; the basal diet supplemented with clinoptilolite at a level of 2%). A $2{\times}2$ factorial design consisted of two feeding treatments (B and Z) and two bedding types, sawdust (S) and sawdust with zeolite (Sz, which was the result of adding $2kg\;zeolite/m^2$), was used. In each round the broilers were randomly assigned to one of four (n = 650), treatment groups: two fed on the basal diet (B) and had bedding of either sawdust (group BS) or sawdust and zeolite (group BSz) and two fed on the Z diet and had as bedding either sawdust (ZS) or sawdust and zeolite (ZSz). Average growth rates were significantly (p<0.05) different between broilers of different groups; broilers that were fed on the 'zeolite diet' (Z) and were placed either in a compartment with sawdust bedding or sawdust bedding and zeolite (ZS and ZSz) as well those that were fed on the basal diet in a compartment with sawdust bedding and zeolite (BSz) grew at a faster rate (p<0.05) compared with those of the control group (BS). The incorporation of NZ in broilers diets and in their bedding material decreased the organic content in litter samples throughout the experimental period. The lowest organic content was recorded in group ZSz where NZ was added in both feed and litter. Mean ammonia concentration (ppm) was significantly higher in group ZS in comparison to groups BSz and ZSz (27.00 vs. 20.55 and 21.71 respectively). The results of this study showed that the incorporation of the clinoptilolite both in feed and into the litter had a positive effect on broiler growth and also on the quality of their litter.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.96-103
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• 2020

천연제올라이트를 콘크리트 혼화재료로서 활용을 위한 기초적 연구로서, 압축강도, 활성도 지수, Ca(OH)₂정량분석, XRD 실험을 통하여 고찰하였다. 천연제올라이트를 분말도 및 치환율에 따라 첨가한 모든 실험체에서 천연제올라이트에 풍부하게 함유되어 있는 SiO₂가 시멘트의 수화생성물과의 반응으로 강도발현에 영향을 미치는 것으로 사료된다. 치환율이 많아 질수록 압축강도가 저하되는 것을 확인할 수 있었으며, 이는 기준모르타르의 시멘트 양에 비해 강도발현에 영향을 미치는 C₃S, C₂S의 클링커 구성 광물의 함유량이 감소하였기 때문으로 판단된다. XRD 결정 구조상 기준모르타르와 큰 차이를 보이지 않았으며, 이를 통해 천연제올라이트를 10% 치환한 Z2-10(Blaine : 15,600㎠/g)실험체가 실험수준 중 가장 우수한 것으로 확인 할 수 있었다. 콘크리트 혼화재료로 사용하기 위한 치환량은 10%의 치환이 가장 이상적으로 보여진다.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.421-434
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• 2022

In the present study, reference samples were prepared using ore preparation facility tailings taken from the copper mine (Kure, Kastamonu), Portland cement (PC) in certain proportions (3 wt%, 5 wt%, 7 wt%, 9wt% and 11 wt%), and water. Then natural zeolite taken from the Bigadic Region was mixed in certain proportions (10 wt%, 20 wt%, 30 wt% and 40 wt%) for each cement ratio, instead of the PC, to prepare zeolite-substituted CPB samples. Thus, the effect of using Zeolite instead of PC on CPB's strength was investigated. The obtained CPB samples were kept in the curing cabinet at a temperature of 25℃ and at least 80% humidity, and they were subjected to the Uniaxial Compressive Strength (UCS) test at the end of the curing periods of 3, 7, 14, 28, 56, and 90 days. Except for the 3 wt% cement ratio, zeolite substitution was observed to increase the compressive strength in all mixtures. Also, the liquefaction risk limit for paste backfill was achieved for all mixtures, and the desired strength limit value (0.7 MPa) was achieved for all mixtures with 28 days of curing time and 7 wt%, 9 wt%, 11 wt% cement ratios and 5% cement - 10% zeolite substituted mixture. Moreover, the limit value (4 MPa) required for use as roof support was obtained only for mixtures with 11% cement - 10% and 20% zeolite content. Generally, zeolite substitution seems to be more effective in early strength (up to 28th day). It has been determined that the long-term strength losses of zeolite-substituted paste backfill mixtures were caused by the reaction of sulfate and hydration products to form secondary gypsum, ettringite, and iron sulfate.

• 한국방재학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국방재학회 2008년도 정기총회 및 학술발표대회
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• pp.811-813
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• 2008

To see the effect of magnesium on adhesion to natural zeolites, a series of batch tests were performed in this research. Mixed bacteria were sampled from the digestion tank at a local sewage treatment plant in Seoul. Magnesium-zeolites were synthesized by mixing natural zeolites with 0.096 M, 0.24 M, and 0.48 M of MgCl2 solution. For comparison, manganese and trivalent ferric zeolites were also prepared. Two grams of 0.2 mm $\sim$ 0.3 mm sized zeolites(non-treated, Mg, Mn and Fe(III) treated zeolites) and 20 mL of water were mixed in a Corex 25 mL tube. Five milliliters of culture solution including bacteria was added to the tube. The tubes were equilibrated in a shaking incubator at mesophilic temperature $(30{\pm}2^{\circ}C)$. The bacterial concentrations were measured with a Microluminometer (New Horizons 3550i) and total organic carbon (TOC) spectrophotometer (Multi NC-3100).

• 한국광물학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.61-71
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• 1992

화산 유리질 암석인 진주암을 대상으로 60-150${\circ}C$의 온도 범위에서 다양한 농도의 알칼리 용액으로 수열 처리하므로서, 유리질 성분의 변질 양상 및 제올라이트의 합성 과정을 폐쇄계의 조건에서 연구하였다. 진주암을 속성 기원 제올라이트의 생성 환경에 해당되는 80${\circ}C$ 및 pH=8-12의 조건에서 100일간 처리하여도, 양간의 단순 용해 양상이 인지될 뿐 제올라이트는 합성되지 않았다. 여기서 처리 용액의 pH가 증가함에 따라, Si과 Al의 농도는 점진적으로 증가되지만 Si/Al의 농도비는 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다. 진주암을 0.1M 이상의 NaOH 용액으로 수열 처리하여 Na-P, 아날심, 체바자이트, Na-X와 같은 제올라이트를 합성하였다. 대개 100${\circ}C$를 경계로 60-100${\circ}C$의 온도 범위에서 Na-P, 그리고 100-150${\circ}C$에서 아날심이 주로 합성되었다. Na-P의 합성 과정에서 시료에 대한 용액의 혼합 조성비가 낮은 경우(<10ml/g)에 체바자이트, 그리고 처리 용액의 NaOH 농도가 높을 경우 (>3M)에 Na-X가 Na-P에 수반되어 생성되는 양상을 볼 수 있다. 제올라이트 합성 과정에 있어서 진주암질 유리의 알칼리 용액에 의한 변질은 화산 유리의 속성 변질에 의한 천연 제올라이트 생성 과정과 같은 용해${\cdot}$변질 반응(incongruent dissolution)의 형식으로 진행되는 것으로 해석된다. 그러나 반응 속도론적인 측면에서 보면, 이 실험으로부터 도출된 제올라이트의 합성 조건들은 화산 유리의 속성 변질에 의한 천연 제올라이트 생성 조건의 해석에 직접 적용될 수 없을 것으로 생각된다.

• 멤브레인
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• 제26권5호
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• pp.381-390
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• 2016

본 연구에서는 고순도의 모데나이트(Mordenite) 입자를 합성하기 위하여 천연 제올라이트를 시드로 사용하여 시드의 농도 및 수열합성 시간에 따른 천연 제올라이트 시드가 합성에 미치는 영향을 고찰하였다. 그 결과 시드가 입자의 형성에 큰 영향을 끼치는 것을 확인할 수 있었고 시드를 3 g/100 g batch 주입하여 $140^{\circ}C$에서 72시간 동안 수열합성을 진행하였을 때 $1-2{\mu}m$ 사이즈의 고순도 모데나이트 입자를 합성할 수 있었다. 이를 통해 모데나이트 입자의 성장 기구를 규명할 수 있었으며, 모데나이트 입자 형성에 있어 시드는 첫째, 구형 모데나이트 전구체 형성 자리 공급의 역할과, 둘째 모데나이트 원료 물질 소스 역할을 한다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 합성된 모데나이트 입자의 가스 흡착량 분석 결과 $CO_2$ 기체의 흡착량이 97.19 mg/g로 다른 가스들에 비해 비교적 높은 흡착성능을 보였으며, $CO_2/H_2$의 선택도가 가장 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 이러한 결과들을 바탕으로 용도에 맞는 고순도 상의 모데나이트 입자를 합성할 수 있음을 확인하였고 보다 낮은 가격으로 우수한 분리성능을 갖는 분리막 소재개발에 활용할 수 있을 것이라 판단된다.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제12권12호
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• pp.1321-1327
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• 2003

Two different kinds of cases, with and without addition of noncrystalline silica to the Hadong kaolin were studied to obtain useful information on the synthesis of zeolite. The research was carried out to investigate the formation area and the crystalized degree of zeolite according to a synthetic time, the water content of raw material mixture, KOH concentration, and stirring intensity. In the case of without addition of noncrystalline silica to the Hadong kaolin and the low concentration range of KOH, the structure of the kaolin was not changed. However, when the mole ratio of K2O/SiO$_2$ in natural kaolin was increased, Linde-L zeolite and unknown structure of kaolins, U-1 and U-2 were produced. While in the high concentration range of KOH, the unknown structure of kaolins, U-6 and U-2, were produced and the production rate of U-6 was increased with the increased of K2O/SiO$_2$ mole ratio. In the case of with addition of noncrystalline silica to the Hadong kaolin and treatment with KOH hydrothermal processing, ZSM-5, ZSM-35, and Linde-L zeolites and the mixture of unknown structure of zeolites, U-1, U-2, U-3, and U-4, were obtained. Both cases demonstrated that the synthesis of zeolite from the Hadong kaolin was highly influenced by KOH concentration of raw material mixture.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.75-83
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• 2002

The removal performance of copper ion was studied using Na-P1 zeolites synthesized from Jeju scoria. The scoria which is found in large amounts in Jeju Island, was sampled at four regions, Jeju-shi Bonggae-dong(A). Pukcheju-gun Hanlim-eup Sangmyong-ri Mangoreum(B), Pukcheju-gun Hanlim-eup Keumag-ri(C) and Namcheju-gun Andeok-myun Dongkwang-ri(D). Synthetic Na-P1 zeolites used in this study were more effective than natural zeolite and scoria for the removal of copper ion. The removal performances of copper ion decreased in the order of Na-P1(D) > Na-P1(C) > Na-P1(B) > Na-P1(A) among Na-P1 synthesized from the scoria according to region. These results showed the same trend with cation exchange capacity(CEC) for each synthetic zeolite, i.e., the synthetic Na-P1 zeolite with a higher CEC showed a higher removal performance. The effective diffusion coefficients of copper ion by synthetic Na-P1 zeolites were one hundred and ten times higher than those by a pure zeolite 4A and the zeolite A synthesized from coal fly ash, respectively.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.274-278
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• 2020

Pig slurry (PS) is the most applicable recycling option as an alternative organic fertilizer. The application of pig slurry has the risk of air pollution via atmospheric ammonia (NH3) and nitrous oxide (N2O) emission. The zeolite has a porous structure that can accommodate a wide variety of cations, thus utilizing for the potential additive of deodorization and gas adsorption. This study aimed to investigate the possible roles of zeolite in mitigating NH3 and N2O emission from the pig slurry applied to the maize cropping. The experiment was composed of three treatments: 1) non-N fertilized control, 2) pig slurry (PS) and 3) pig slurry mixed with natural zeolite (PZ). Both of NH3 and N2O emission from applied pig slurry highly increased by more than 3-fold compared to non-N fertilized control. The NH3 emission from the pig slurry was dominant during early 14 days after application and 20.1% of reduction by zeolite application was estimated in this period. Total NH3 emission through whole period of measurement was 0.31, 1.33, and 1.14 kg ha-1. Nitrous oxide emission in the plot applied with pig slurry was also reduced by zeolite treatment by 16.3%. Significant increases in forage and ear yield, as well as nutrient values were obtained by pig slurry application, while no significant effects of zeolite were observed. These results indicate that the application of zeolite and pig slurry efficiently reduces the emission of ammonia and nitrous oxide without negative effects on maize crop production.