• 한방안이비인후피부과학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.8-17
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• 2004

Objective: Under recognition of the similarity between carbuncle in Oriental medicine and inflammatory disease, NeiShuHuangLianJang(N.H.) has been used as an antiphlogistic agent. The present reports shows the anti-inflammatory effects of N.H. Method: Experimental animals made use of 4-5 weeks age(weight 20-25g) ICR(male)mouse. They were farmed individually in a temperature($22{\pm}0.5{\circ}$) and light(06:00 to 18:00 h) controlled room with free access to water and food. The N.H.(1.0g／kg, 3.0g／kg) extracted from NeiShuHuangLianTang were administered intragastrically prior to LPS I.P injection. we measured WBC count, IL-6 level in plasma and TNF-${\alpha}$ level in plasma. Result : 1. N.H. suppressed inflammatory reaction induced by LPS. 2. N.H. suppressed WBC count in inflammatory reaction induced by LPS. 3. N.H. suppressed 1L-6 level in inflammatory reaction induced by LPS. According to above experiments, N.H. was improved its suppression effect against the inflammatory reaction through WBC count and IL-6 level. So N.H. which is used for the inflammatory disease(carbuncle) in Oriental Medicine is assumed to have a curative effects against this disease by controlling WBC count and IL-6 level in plasma.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.308-317
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• 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to elucidate the relationship between readiness to quit smoking and smoking cessation, and identify factors associated with smoking cessation in smokers with ischemic heart disease post-coronary angiography (CAG). Methods: This descriptive study was conducted between December 1, 2020 and May 14, 2021 at a P hospital, Busan. A total of 164 subjects completed the questionnaire including general characteristics, coronary artery disease characteristics, readiness to quit smoking, and smoking cession behavior during hospitalization and 4 weeks after discharge. Results: The success rate of smoking cessation after coronary angiography in patients with ischemic heart disease was 49.4% (n = 81). In addition, 48.2% of smokers (n = 83) attempted smoking cessation after CAG, while 39.8% showed changes in smoking behavior. The readiness to quit smoking was significantly associated with smoking cessation (OR= 2.23, p< .005). Conclusion: Readiness to quit smoking was identified as an important factor associated with smoking cessation in patients with cardiovascular disease in this study. In order to increase the smoking cessation rate, it is necessary to strengthen the readiness to quit smoking, followed by a tailored program for smoking cessation in patients with ischemic heart disease.

• 한국보건간호학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.70-107
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• 1992

This study was intended to assess the need of home nursing care and analyze the effect of home nursing care, and find out the problems during the performance of home nursing care for the chronic patients among the low-income people in urban area. Data collection by interview was carried out from Nov. 1991 to Jul. 1992. The main results were as follows; 1) Total subjects for the need assessment of home nursing care were 123 households wi th 488 persons in a urban poor area. Over half of households $(57.7\%)$ was teenage family. The overall living conditions were poor and the average monthly income was 580 thousands won. $74.8\%$ of subjects was covered by medical care insurance and only $4.7\%$ was covered by public assistance. The morbidity rate was $8.2\%$ among 488 subjects and $27.5\%$ of them was not treated at all, $30\%$ was treated in utilizing pharmacies or local clinics. 2) The subjects of home nursing care were 46 with Hypertension or DM who agreeded the participation of study among registered patients at a public health center in Incheon. Home visiting was performed at intervals per one month for one year. Most of them were the elder(mean age=61 years) and long term patients(7.8 years continued). Home nursing care was effective. That is, blood pressure(including systolic and diastolic pressure) was significantly reduced (t(n=22)=2.31, P=.031, t(n=24)=4.16, P=.000 respectively) and knowledge of disease(t(N=46)=-7.63, P=.000), attitude of disease (t(N =46) = -4.92, P=.000), and self-care(t(N =46) = -4.89, P= .000) were significantly improved through home nursing care. But there was no difference in blood sugar for diabetics between the beginning and the end of visits. At the beginning of visit for home nursing care, sex$(\beta=-0414,\;t=-3.012)$ and nursing need({3=.310, t=2.164) were influencing self-care, and duration of disease$(\beta=.297,\;t=2.106)$ and nursing need $(\beta=.385, t=20417)$ were influencing blood pressure, blood sugar level. Namely, the subjects who were male and had higher nursing need showed better self-care and the longer duration of disease and the higher nursing need were relationship with the better blood pressure and blood sugar level. At the end of visit for home nursing care after one year, the blood pressure and blood sugar level was influenced by age $(\beta.320,\;t= 2.242)$, duration of disease ($(\beta.352,\;t= 2.395)$ and nursing need $(\beta=.350,\;t=2.623)$ and self-care had no influencing factor. The higher age and the longer duration of disease and the higher nursing need were relationship with the better blood pressure and blood sugar level. 3) The problems that were found out during the performance of home nursing care were the absent of useful protocols for services and the clear evaluation base, and the difficulty of teaching elders who were the major part of our subjects.

• 근관절건강학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.77-88
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of cardiocerebrovascular disease prevention program for older adults who were members of a elderly school located in Y city on knowledge of cardiocerebrovascular disease, depression, and physiological parameters. Methods: Nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design was employed. A total of 50 older people living in Y city were assigned into an experimental group (n=26) or a control group (n=24). The experimental group participated in a 8-weeks cardiocerebrovascular disease prevention program from October 10 to December 2 in 2016. Data were analyzed with SPSS/WIN 21.0 using descriptive statistics, $x^2$ test, Fisher's exact test, and t-test. Results: The results indicated significant differences between the experimental group and control group in the scores of knowledge of cardiocerebrovascular disease (t=-4.60, p<.001), depression(t=3.65, p=.001), physiological parameters including systolic blood pressure (t=6.58, p<.001), diastolic blood pressure (t=4.56, p<.001), and blood glucose level (t=3.04, p=.004). Conclusion: The cardiocerebrovascular disease prevention program have a significant effect on the change of knowledge of cardiocerebrovascular disease, depression, and physiological parameters for elderly school participants.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.79-115
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• 2002

This research investigates the effect of the Crataegus pinnatifida BGE. var. major N.E. BR(CPVM) on Alzheimer's disease. Specifically, the effects of the DYHT extract on (1) $IL-1{\beta}$, IL-6, amyloid precursor proteins(APP), acetylcholinesterase(AChE), and glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP) mRNA of PC-12 cells treated with CTI05; (2) the AChE activity and the APP production of PC-12 cell treated with CT105; (3) the behavior; and (4) expression of $IL-1{\beta}$, $TNF-{\alpha}$, reactive oxygen species(ROS), nitrite oxide(NO); and (5) the infarction area of the hippocampus, and brain tissue injury in Alzheimer's diseased mice induced with CT105 were investigated. The results are as follow. 1. The CPVM extract suppressed the expression of $IL-1{\beta}$, IL-6, APP, AChE, and GFAP mRNA in PC-12 cells treated with CT105. 2. The CPVM extract suppressed the AChE activity and the production of APP significantly in PC-12 cells treated with CT105. 3. The CPVM extract group showed a significant inhibitory effect on the memory deficit for the mice with Alzheimer's disease induced by CT105 in the Morris water maze experiment. 4. The CPVM extract suppressed the over-expression of $IL-1{\beta}$, $TNF-{\alpha}$, ROS and NO in the mice with Alzheimer's disease induced by CT105. 5. The CPVM extract reduced the infarction area of hippocampus, and controlled the injury of brain tissue in the mice with Alzheimer's disease induced by CT105. These results suggest that the CPVM extract may be effective for the prevention and treatment of Alzheimer's disease.

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2003년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.1
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• pp.196.2-197
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• 2003

Parkinson's disease (PO) is a widespread neurodegenerative disorder. Even though PD has been studied in many aspects, it is still unknown the molecular signaling mechanisms linking reactive oxygen species (ROS) and neuronal apoptosis in PD. A better understanding of cellular mechanisms that occur in Parkinson's disease is essential for development of new therapies. In this study we investigated the signaling molecules involved in neuronal apoptosis induced by 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) in human SK-N-SH neuroblastoma cells as a model cellular system. (omitted)

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제41권5호
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• pp.586-590
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• 2008

배경: 본 연구는 술전 종격동 내시경 혹은 흉강경을 통한 종격동 림프절 생검을 통해 병리조직학적으로 N2 진단을 받고 신보조 항암방사선치료를 받은 환자에 있어서 신보조 항암방사선치료 후 N병기의 변화에 따른 생존률 및 재발률에 미치는 영향에 대해 알아보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 1998년 1월에서 2005년 12월 사이에 조직학적 N2로 확진된 환자 69명을 대상으로 후향적 연구를 진행하였다. 이들을 3그룹으로 나누어 신보조 항암방사선치료 후 병기가 낮아진 환자들을 그룹 A, 변화 없는 환자들을 그룹 B, 그리고 신보조 항암방사선 치료중 병기가 악화되어 수술을 진행하지 못한 환자들을 그룹 C로 구분하여 각 그룹간 평균생존기간, 3년 생존률 및 평균무병생존기간, 3년 무병생존률을 조사하였고 이들을 비교 분석해 보았다. 결과: 연령, 성별, 폐암의 조직형 및 수술명은 그룹별 유의한 차이는 없었다. 평균 생존기간은 그룹 A, B, C에서 각각 58, 47, 21개월로 그룹A가 가장 높았으나 A-B 및 B-C 사이에는 통계적으로 유이한 차이는 없었고 그룹 A와 C 사이에만 통계적으로 유의한 차이(p : 0.01)를 보였다. 3년 생존률 역시 그룹 A, B, C에서 67%, 41%, 21.6%로 평균생존기간과 비슷한 차이를 보였다. 평균무병생존기간은 그룹 A, B에서 44, 45개월로 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 보이지 않았고 3년 무병생존률도 55.1%, 46.8%로 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 보이지 않았다. 결론: IIIa기 폐암 환자에서 술전 항암방사선 치료 후 N병기가 감소된 그룹A에서 감소되지 않은 그룹 B보다 Mean survival, 3-Yr survival rate 및 3-Yr disease-free survival rate가 더 높은 경향을 볼 수 있었다. 그러나 통계학적 유의성은 없었으므로 더 명확한 결론을 위해서는 향후 더 많은 case 및 오랜 기간의 추적관찰이 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.187-192
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• 2017

In this report, fifteen monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against an avian influenza virus (H9N2 subtype) were newly produced and characterized. These MAbs proved to react to the epitopes of nucleocapsid protein (NP), hemagglutinin (HA), neuraminidase (NA) and non-structural protein 1 (NS1) of Korean H9N2 strain, respectively. Two HA-specific MAbs showed the ability to inhibit the hemagglutination activity of H9N2 subtype avian influenza virus when tested by hemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay. All MAbs did not cross-react with other avian-origin viruses (Newcastle disease virus, infectious bursal disease virus, infectious bronchitis virus and avian rotavirus) by immunofluorescence test or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The MAbs produced in this study could be useful as the materials for diagnostics and therapeutics against Korean-lineage H9N2 virus infections.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.177-182
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• 2014

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Irisin, a newly identified hormone, is associated with energy homeostasis. We investigated whether aged garlic extract (AGE) and exercise training intervention could improve body weight, insulin sensitivity, skeletal muscle fibronectin domain containing protein 5 (FNDC-5) levels, and plasma irisin in high-fat diet (HFD). MATERIALS/METHODS: Male Sprague Dawley rats were fed a ND (normal diet, n=5) or HFD (n=28) for 6 weeks. After 6 weeks, all rats were divided into 5 groups for the next 4 weeks: ND, (normal diet, n=5), HFD (high-fat diet, n=7), HFDA (high-fat diet + aged garlic extract, n=7), HFDE (high-fat diet + exercise, n=7), and HFDEA (high-fat diet + exercise + aged garlic extract, n=7). Exercise groups performed treadmill exercises for 15-60 min, 5 days/week, and AGE groups received AGE (2.86 g/kg, orally injected) for 4 weeks. RESULTS: Significant decreases in body weight were observed in the ND, HFDE, and HFDEA groups, as compared with the HFD group. Neither intervention affected the masses of the gastrocnemius muscle or liver. There were no significant differences in glucose levels across the groups. The homeostatic model assessments of insulin resistance were significantly higher in the HFD group, as compared with the ND, HFDA, HFDE, and HFDEA groups. However, skeletal muscle FNDC-5 levels and plasma irisin concentrations were unaffected by AGE or exercise in obese rats. AGE supplementation and exercise training did not affect skeletal muscle FNDC-5 or plasma irisin, which are associated with insulin sensitivity in obese rats. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest that the protection against HFD-induced increases in body fat/weight and insulin resistance that are provided by AGE supplementation and exercise training may not be mediated by the regulation of FNDC-5 or irisin.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권12호
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• pp.5251-5256
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• 2016

Background: Diagnostic karyotyping analysis is routinely used in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) clinics. Categorization of patients into risk stratified groups (favorable, intermediate and adverse) according to cytogenetic findings can serve as a valuable independent prognostic factor. Method and Material: A retrospective descriptive study was conducted based on the patient records of newly diagnosed non-M3 AML young adult cases undergoing standard 3+7 i.e, Daunorubicin and Ara-C (DA) as remission induction chemotherapy. Diagnostic cytogenetic analysis reports were analyzed to classify the patients into risk stratified groups according to South West Oncology Group criteria and prognostic significance was measured with reference to achievement of haematological remission after 1st induction chemotherapy. Results:A normal karyotype was commonly expressed, found in 47.2% of patients, while 65% (n=39) appeared to have intermediate risk cytogenetics, and 13.3% (n=8) adverse or unclassified findings. Favourable cytogenetics was least frequent in the patient cohort, accounting for only 8.3 % (n=5).The impact of cytogenetic risk groups on achievement of haematological remission was evaluated by applying Pearson Chi-square, and was found to be non-significant (df=12, p=0.256) but when the outcomes of favourable risk groups with intermediate, adverse and unclassified findings compared, results were highly significant (df=6, p=0.000) for each comparison. In patients of the favourable cytogenetic risk group, HR?? was reported in 40% (n=2/5), as compared to 62.2% (n=23/37) in the intermediate cytogenetic risk group, 57.1% (n=4/7) in the adverse cytogenetic risk group and 28.6% (n=2/7) in hte unclassified cytogenetic risk group. Conclusion: Cytogenetic risk stratification for AML cases following criteria provided by international guidelines did not produce conclusive results in our Pakistani patients. However, we cannot preclude an importance as the literature clearly supports the use of pretreatment karyotyping analysis as a significant predictive marker for clinical outcomes. The apparent differences between Pakistani and Western studies indicate an urgent need to develop risk stratification guidelines according to the specific cytogenetic makeup of South Asian populations.