• Elastomers and Composites
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.156-176
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• 1999

Rubber chemicals such as accelerators, antidegradants, vulcanizing agents, processing agents and retarders are very important to the production and protection of tires and rubber goods. The use of accelerators and antidegradants are evaluated in various tire components. This paper will focus on how to vulcanize tires economically and maintain the physical properties of each tire component without severe degradation due to oxygen, heat and ozone. Also, new non-nitrosoamine accelerators and non-staining antiozonants will be discussed. Lastly, the future requirements of antidegradants and accelerators in the tire industry will be reviewed. Tires have been vulcanized with Sulfenamides as primary accelerators and either Guamdine's or Thiurams as secondary accelerators to achieve proper properties at service conditions. However, interior components such as the carcass can be vulcanized with Thiazoles as a primary accelerator to cure faster than the external components. Using the combination of Sulfenamide with secondary accelerators in a tire tread compound and the combination of a Thiazole and Guanidine in a carcass compound will be presented with performance data. Uniroyal Chemical and another Rubber Chemical Manufacturer have developed, "Tetrabenzyl Thiuram Disulfide," (TBzTD) as a non-Nitrosoamine accelerator, which could replace Nitrosoamine generating Thiurams. This new accelerator has been evaluated in a tread compound as a secondary accelerator. Also, Flexsys has developed N-t-butyl-2-benzothiazole Sulfenamide (TBSI) as a non-Nitrosoamine accelerator which could replace 2-(Morpholinothio) -benzothiazole (MBS), a scorch delayed Sulfendamide accelerator. TBSI has been evaluated in a Natural Rubber (NR) belt skim compound vs. MBS. An optimum low rolling resistant cure system has been developed in a NR tread with Dithiomorpholine (DTDM). Also, future requirements for developing accelerators will be discussed such as the replacement of DTDM and other stable crosslink systems. Antidegradants are divided into two different types for use in tire compounds. Internal tire compounds such as apex, carcass, liner, wire breaker, cushion, base tread and bead compounds are protected by antioxidants against degradation from oxygen and heat due to mechanical shear. The external components such as sidewall, chafer and cap tread com-pounds are protected from ozone by antiozonants and waxes. Various kinds of staining and non-staining antioxidants have been evaluated in a tire carcass compound. Also, various para-phenylene diamine antiozonants have been evaluated in a tire sidewall compound to achieve the improved lifetime of the tire. New non-staining antiozonants such as 2, 4, 6-tris-(N-1, 4-dimethylpentyl-p-phenylene diamine) 1, 3, 5 Trizine (D-37) and un-saturated Acetal (AFS) will be discussed in the tire sidewall to achieve better appearance. The future requirements of antidegradants will be presented to improve tire performance such as durability, better appearance and longer lasting tires.

• 한국어업기술학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국어업기술학회 2002년도 추계 수산관련학회 공동학술대회발표요지집
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• pp.107-108
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• 2002

일상생활에서 인간은 수많은 물리, 화학적 발암 원에 노출되어 살아가고 있으며 역학적으로 관찰해 보면 모든 암의 약 90％가 환경적 요인에 의하여 발생한다. 식품 중에도 여러 종류의 돌연변이원성 물질과 발암성 물질이 자연적으로 존재하고 있어 그 중 소량은 일상의 보통 식이를 통하여 섭취된다. 특히 단백질이나 아미노산이 풍부한 식품인 고기, 생선의 조리과정에 강력한 돌연변이원성 물질과 발암성 물질로 알려진 N-nitrosoamine(NA)이나 heterocyclic amine(HCA)들이 형성되며 다양한 종류가 분리, 동정 되어왔다. (중략)

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.1015-1018
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• 1998

Capsaicin(8-methyl-N-vanillyl-6-nonenamide: CAP) known well as a major compound of not taste in hot pepper, was investigated for the inhibition effect on in vitro nitrosation. CAP(100$\mu$mol) inhibited the formation of N-nitrosoproline(NPRO) and N-nitrosothioproline(NTPRO) by 56% and 26%, respectively. Vanillyl alcohol inhibited the nitrosation of proline by a concentration-dependent manner, and vanillic acid and vanillin were less effective in blocking the nitrosation of proline compared to CAP and anillyl alcohol. The inhibitory effect of NPRO formation by CAP was evaluated to similar with alpha-tocopherol, and vanillyl alcohol was more effective than alpha-tocopherol in blocking the nitrosation of proline. Our results suggested that CAP and its metabolites such as vanillyl alcohol could inhibit endogenous nitrosation in hydrophobic biological environment.

• 환경위생공학
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.9-18
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• 1988

This investigation was carried out to find out the biological contamination, nitrogen compounds, physical and chemical test in fermented sea fishes. 60 species sample were collected from farm village, fishing village and free markets, its hygienical test period is taken about two years. The examined results obtained are as in bollow. 1. $hNO_3,\;HNO_2,\;NH_3-N$ was detected whole samples. 2. Some fermented sea fishes was showed under the exhortation quality. 3. Nitrogen compound really produce N-Nitrosoamine. 4. The amine compounds are caused of cancer and malignant disease. 5. All container, storaged method, processing method and delivery method are must be improve. 6. It is neccessary to do instruction for fermented sea fishes really meaning and attain to a fixed standardization.

• 한국버섯학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.261-268
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• 2013

잣버섯 품종인 솔향과 개량 신품종 곤지 10호를 비교 분석한 결과 영양 성분 분석의 경우 유리당과 당 알코올의 경우 총 4종류의 성분이 검출되었고, 그 중 trehalose의 경우 건물 g당 곤지 10호 $44.11{\pm}0.99$ mg, 솔향 $38.89{\pm}1.31$ mg로 검출된 당 중에서 가장 높은 함유량을 나타냈으며, 곤지 10호가 솔향에 비해 유의적으로 높은 수치를 나타내었다. 아미노산은 총 24종 중 17종이 검출 되었고 유리당과는 반대로 솔향의 총 아미노산 함량이 곤지 10호보다 유의적으로 높았다. 대표적으로 항암 활성을 가진다고 알려진 물질인 ${\beta}$-glucan의 경우 솔향이 곤지 10호보다 높은 수치를 나타내지만 품종 간의 유의차는 없는 것으로 나타났으며, 항산화 성분인 total polyphenol 함량은 곤지 10호의 열수추출물이 $15.02{\pm}0.50$ mg GAE/g DW으로 가장 높은 것을 확인하였다. 자실체의 생리 활성 분석으로는 항산화 실험인 DPPH radical 소거능 실험에서는 두 품종 모두 농도별에 따른 차이는 있지만 품종 간의 유의차는 없었다. 항암 활성을 알아보기 위하여 nitrite 소거능을 실시하였으며 두 품종 모두 메탄올 추출물에서 10 mg/ml에서까지 대부분 40% 이상의 nitrite를 소거하여 발암물질인 nitrosoamine을 없애 항암 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 항당뇨 실험으로 ${\alpha}$-amyloglucosidase은 ${\alpha}$-amylase 저해 활성을 실험한 결과, 이 모두 솔향 열수 추출물이 positive control로 쓰인 acarbose와 같은 농도이거나 더 높은 농도에서 비슷한 저해 활성을 나타내는 것을 알 수 있었으며 이는 곤지 10호보다 유의적으로 활성이 우수하였다. 또한, 마우스 유래 RAW264.7 cell line을 이용하여 항염 활성을 확인한 결과 nitric oxide의 저해능은 열수 추출물보다 메탄올 추출물이 더 효과가 있는 것을 확인하였으며 곤지 10호 메탄올 추출물이 솔향 메탄올 추출물보다 효과가 좋은 것을 확인할 수 있었다.