• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Design Studies Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.76-77
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• 2003

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.25 no.8
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• pp.1063-1072
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• 2012

Effective population size ($N_e$) is an important measure to understand population structure and genetic variability in animal species. The objective of this study was to estimate $N_e$ in Sapsaree dogs using the information of rate of inbreeding and genomic data that were obtained from pedigree and the Illumina CanineSNP20 (20K) and CanineHD (170K) beadchips, respectively. Three SNP panels, i.e. Sap134 (20K), Sap60 (170K), and Sap183 (the combined panel from the 20K and 170K), were used to genotype 134, 60, and 183 animal samples, respectively. The $N_e$ estimates based on inbreeding rate ranged from 16 to 51 about five to 13 generations ago. With the use of SNP genotypes, two methods were applied for $N_e$ estimation, i.e. pair-wise $r^2$ values using a simple expectation of distance and $r^2$ values under a non-linear regression with respective distances assuming a finite population size. The average pair-wise $N_e$ estimates across generations using the pairs of SNPs that were located within 5 Mb in the Sap134, Sap60, and Sap183 panels, were 1,486, 1,025 and 1,293, respectively. Under the non-linear regression method, the average $N_e$ estimates were 1,601, 528, and 1,129 for the respective panels. Also, the point estimates of past $N_e$ at 5, 20, and 50 generations ago ranged between 64 to 75, 245 to 286, and 573 to 646, respectively, indicating a significant $N_e$ reduction in the last several generations. These results suggest a strong necessity for minimizing inbreeding through the application of genomic selection or other breeding strategies to increase $N_e$, so as to maintain genetic variation and to avoid future bottlenecks in the Sapsaree population.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.143-159
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• 2002

Consumer Education Policy for -Focusing on developing Social support System- The purpose of this research is to understand the change of future consuming environment and the characteristics of future potential consumer: the net generations. With those research results, we deduced our goal, content and method of consumer education for these net generations. Finally, I suggested a scheme of the social construction by demand of our future society. Literature review and depth interview are used for this research. The main factors of the change of our future consuming environment are Digitalization, globalization, improvement of consumer sovereignty, Sustainable consumption culture, the increasing pursuit of safe life. It is necessary to educate our future consumer, net generations, the information searching skills in order to be able to obtain right information. We also need to educate them how to practice the safe life and Sustainable consumption and how to get consumers sovereignty. The method of the education requires interchangeable communication. We need social networking system for the support of consumer education, in order to build this social system. We need an administrative support from the government and financial support from corporations. We have suggested that it is very desirable to share all the information developed among Academic field, Consumer related organizations and schools by this network be build.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.485-493
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• 2019

Objective: This study was undertaken to investigate the genetic characteristics of Berkshire (BS), Landrace (LR), and Yorkshire (YS) pig breeds raised in the Great Grandparents pig farms using the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) information. Methods: A total of 25,921 common SNP genotype markers in three pig breeds were used to estimate the expected heterozygosity ($H_E$), polymorphism information content, F-statistics ($F_{ST}$), linkage disequilibrium (LD) and effective population size ($N_e$). Results: The chromosome-wise distribution of $F_{ST}$ in BS, LR, and YS populations were within the range of 0-0.36, and the average $F_{ST}$ value was estimated to be $0.07{\pm}0.06$. This result indicated some level of genetic segregation. An average LD ($r^2$) for the BS, LR, and YS breeds was estimated to be approximately 0.41. This study also found an average $N_e$ of 19.9 (BS), 31.4 (LR), and 34.1 (YS) over the last 5th generations. The effective population size for the BS, LR, and YS breeds decreased at a consistent rate from 50th to 10th generations ago. With a relatively faster $N_e$ decline rate in the past 10th generations, there exists possible evidence for intensive selection practices in pigs in the recent past. Conclusion: To develop customized chips for the genomic selection of various breeds, it is important to select and utilize SNP based on the genetic characteristics of each breed. Since the improvement efficiency of breed pigs increases sharply by the population size, it is important to increase test units for the improvement and it is desirable to establish the pig improvement network system to expand the unit of breed pig improvement through the genetic connection among breed pig farms.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.183-194
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• 2022

This study aims to understand the consumers' negative responses to communication failure of chatbots caused by their imperfections. Specifically, this study examines 1) the relationship among chatbot's communication failure, dissatisfaction, negative behavior (complaint, negative word-of-mouth (nWOM), and inertia); 2) the moderating effect of technostress on the relationship between chatbot's communication failure and dissatisfaction; 3) the differences in the negative responses between the generation MZ and the previous generations. Data were collected via an online survey. First, the participants interacted with the chatbot developed for this survey, to experience the chatbot's communication failure. Thereafter, they responded to a questionnaire. PLS-SEM was conducted using the R software environment to test the hypotheses. This study empirically identified that chatbot's communication failure positively affected dissatisfaction. In addition, the customers who were more dissatisfied with the chatbot's communication failures were more likely to complain than engage in nWOM. Compared to the generation MZ, chatbot's communication failure caused a higher level of dissatisfaction in previous generations. The results suggest that online shopping malls should carefully introduce an improved chatbot service after minimizing its communication failure rate. The chatbot developers of online shopping malls targeting middle-aged and elderly consumers should strive to develop and implement strategies to further alleviate consumers' dissatisfaction in the situation of chatbot's communication failure.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.59 no.10
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• pp.1776-1786
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• 2010

Intelligent distribution automation system have total monitoring and control capability. The system covers substation, distribution network, distributed generations and customers at HV system. Various intelligent distribution facilities installed at distribution systems have voltage sensor, current sensor, aging monitoring sensor. Intelligent Feeder Remote Terminal Unit (IFRTU) tied to intelligent distribution facilities process information from facilities and it checks information of fault, power quality and aging of distribution facilities. The information is transmitted to master station through communication line. The master station have remote monitoring system covers substation, distribution network, distributed generations and customers. It also have various application programs that maintain optimal network operation by using information from on-site devices.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.39-49
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to characterize the effect of Net fashion value regarding to the factors of purchase-decision at internet shopping mall and the preference for fashion design. The subjects for this sample survey, were junior high school and university students who had dwelled at pusan and ulsan in south korea. This study had 824 samples of each aged from 13 to 24 who had purchasing ability of fashion apparels at the interned shopping mal1. The sampling data in this survey was analyzed by frequency analysis, factor analysis, T-test, LSD-test, MANOVA and ANOVA of SPSS WIN package. The results of this study was as follows; 1. It was proved that advertising, pursuit of services and products, pursuit of information were considered first from Net generations fashion value. Next things were perception of danger and pursuit of convenience. It was proved that they considered it important A/S, recall, exchange and post management. 2. It was proved that there was difference at the preference for fashion design of according to Net generations fashion value. Color was considered to be the most important one. 3. Men had higher political value than women and 1318 teenagers had higher fashion value than semi-adult. Under high school educational course Net generation had more theoretical value than above university educational course Net generation did. Also, with the factor of average monthly income, political value was considered to be the most important. People whose monthly expenditure on purchase was above 50,000 won had higher social value than people whose expenditure was under 50,000 won but under 50,000 won had higher political value than above 50,000 won did.

• Animal Bioscience
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.417-428
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• 2023

Objective: Few studies have genetically monitored chickens over time, and no research has been conducted on ducks. To ensure the sustainable management of key duck breeds, we used microsatellite markers to monitor Brown Tsaiya ducks over time genetically. Methods: The second, fourth, sixth to eighth generations of the Brown Tsaiya duck selected for feeding efficiency and control lines were included in this study to investigate the genetic variations, effective population size, population structure and the differentiation between populations over time with 11 microsatellite markers derived from Brown Tsaiya duck. Results: The results showed there were a slight decrease in the genetic variations and an increase in within-population inbreeding coefficient (F_IS) in both lines, but no consistent increase in F_IS was observed in each line. The effective population size in the second and eighth generations was 27.2 for the selected line and 23.9 for the control line. The change in allele richness showed a downward trend over time, and the selected line was slightly lower than the control line in each generation. The number of private alleles (N_p) in the selected line were higher than in the control line. Moderate differentiation was observed between the second and eighth generations in the selected line (F_ST = 0.0510) and the control line (F_ST = 0.0606). Overall, differentiation tended to increase with each generation, but genetic variation and structure did not change considerably after six generations in the two lines. Conclusion: This study provides a reference for poultry conservation and helps to implement cross-generation genetic monitoring and breeding plans in other duck breeds or lines to promote sustainable management.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.205-209
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• 2008

Impact of food plant on reproductive and commercial parameters in Antheraea mylitta, a polyphagous insect of economic importance was studied upon feeding the insect larvae on the same host plants for six continuous generations. A. mylitta larvae were fed upon Terminalia tomentosa, Terminalia arjuna and Zizyphus jujuba and restricted them to the same host plant for six generations to document the quantitative improvement in reproductive and commercial parameters. The parameters showed significant improvement in all the host plants studied over their respective controls. Fecundity among the reproductive parameters was highly improved than others (85.9% in T. tomentosa; 58% in T. arjuna and 49.7% in Z. jujuba). Likewise in commercial parameters, the shell weight in male showed the highest improvement (by 52.9%, 45.8% and 42.1% in T. tomentosa; T. arjuna and Z. jujuba respectively). On the other hand, the shell ratio percentage in female recorded the lowest improvement. The values for all characters were recorded a decline in T. arjuna and Z. jujuba fed ones over T. tomentosa, except that of shell ratio percentage in female has registered an increase in Z jujuba fed. The study thus revealed the comparative superiority of T. tomentosa over T. arjuna and Z. jujuba.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.433-439
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• 2009

This study was conducted to determine the effect of breed on the chemical composition of first (PUR1) and second (PUR2) generations of $Purun{\tilde{a}}$ young bulls, and to compare both generations with different genetic groups: CAN vs. ANG; CAR; and CHA vs. CAR. Thirty bulls were used. The animals from the PUR2 and CHA vs. CAR genetic groups featured higher (p<0.05) moisture percentage in comparison to the PUR1, CAR and CAN vs. ANG groups. The moisture percentage was similar (p>0.05) between PUR2 and CHA vs. CAR animals. The same was observed among the PUR1, CAR, CAN vs. ANG and CHA vs. CAR animals. There was no difference (p>0.05) among genetic groups for ash, total lipids and total cholesterol. The PUR1, CAR and CAN vs. ANG specimens had higher (p<0.05) crude protein percentages as compared to PUR2 and CAN vs. CAR animals. The fatty acid profile was different (p<0.05) among genetic groups. However, the percentages of SFA, MUFA, PUFA, n-6, n-3, PUFA:SFA, and n-6:n-3 were similar (p>0.05) among genetic groups.