• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
• /
• v.22 no.1
• /
• pp.53-60
• /
• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of our study was to evaluate the effects of an exercise program on activities of daily living (ADL), balance and cognition in elderly individuals with Alzheimer’s disease and vascular dementia. Methods: Thirty-two patients with mild to moderate cognitive impairment were assigned to one of two groups: an exercise group (n=16) and a control group (n=16). The exercise group carried on regular exercise for 60 minutes a day, 4-5 times per week for 8 weeks. The exercise group participated in an exercise program (treadmill training and physical training). ADL, balance and cognitive function were evaluated before and at the end of the program using the Korean modified Bathel Index (K-MBI), the Functional independence measure (FIM), the Berg balance scale (BBS), the Balance performance monitor (BPM), and the Mini mental state examination (MMSE) in both groups. Results: There were significant exercise-induced improvements in ADL and Balance from pre to post tests; but not in MMSE. Conclusion: Exercise programs can improve ADL and balance in elderly with Alzheimer’s disease and vascular dementia.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
• /
• v.27 no.2
• /
• pp.1-12
• /
• 2020

Background: The purpose of this study is intended to evaluate the effectiveness and analyse the change on balance, gait and ADL of the stroke patient by obstacle gait training. Design: Randomized controlled trial. Methods: Ten subjects with stroke patient are recruited from C rehablitation hospital located Chungbuck. The subjects which are divided to 2 group as experimental group (N=5) conducted the obstacle gait training and control group (N=5) conducted the general gait training. The gait (10mWT), balance (BBS) and ADL (FIM) were measured before and after intervention. Results: There were no significant differences (p>.05) in sex, age, height, weight and K-MMSE among subjects. There were significant differences (p<.05) in balance and gait between of the experimental group and control group. But there was no significant difference (p>.05) in the ADL between of the experimental group and control group. There were significant differences (p<.05) gait and balance in the experimental group. But there were no significant difference (p>.05) gait, balance and ADL in the control group. Conclusion: Obstacle gait training showed positive effects on the gait, balance of the stroke patient.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
• /
• v.1 no.2
• /
• pp.93-104
• /
• 2013

Purpose : The purpose of this study is balanced exercise program according to the supporting surface any affect women's ability to balance high heels. Methods : This study subjects were normal 20 females in their twenties. They were divided into stable supporting surface(n=10), unstable supporting surface(n=10), and they exercised three times a week for 5 weeks. In order to compare the difference of balance, the subjects were measured before and after training. Balance was examined using the balance master 7.0 version systems. Results : 1. There was significant difference values between pre-exercise and post-exercise of unstable surface group on the FORM-EO and FORM EC of MCTSIB and all of Unilateral Stance variables. 2. There was significant difference values between pre-exercise and post-exercise of stable surface group on the mean EPE, mean MXE, and mean DCL of LOS. 3. There was significant difference values between pre-exercise and post-exercise of unstable surface group of the rhythmic weight shift. 4. There was significant difference value in the slow directional control of rhythmic weight shift between groups after exercise. Conclusion : Training on stable supporting surface group and unstable supporting surface group improve balance.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
• /
• v.28 no.1
• /
• pp.1-7
• /
• 2016

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Bridge exercise with abdominal drawing-in on static and dynamic balance in patients with stroke. Methods: Forty patients with stroke participated in this study. Participation was randomly assigned to the Bridge exercise group (n=20) and the Bridge exercise with abdominal drawing-in group (n=20). A bio-feedback device was used when patients performed the Bridge exercise with abdominal drawing-in. This training was performed without any motion on the patient's spine and upper belly part, and the pressure was held with the biofeedback device as 40-70 mmHg. Both groups received training 30 minutes per day, three times per week, for four weeks. Weight bearing, anterior limit of stability, and posterior limit of stability for static balance ability were measured, and Berg balance scale (BBS), Timed up and go test (TUG) for dynamic balance ability were also measured. Results: Participants showed significant differences between pre- and post-mediation in terms of weight bearing, anterior limit of stability, posterior limit of stability, Berg balance scale, and Timed up and go test (p<0.05). The Bridge exercise with abdominal drawing-in group showed a more significant increase (p<0.05). Conclusion: According to the results of this study, both exercises were effective for improving the static and dynamic balance ability. However we suggest that the Bridge exercise with abdominal drawing-in is more efficient for increasing balance ability in patients with stroke.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
• /
• v.31 no.4
• /
• pp.236-241
• /
• 2019

Purpose: This study examined the effects of aquatic proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation pattern exercise on the balance, gait ability, and depression in patients with chronic stroke. Methods: Thirty patients with chronic stroke were assigned randomly to an experimental (n=15) or control (n=15) group. The experimental group performed aquatic proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation pattern exercise. The control group performed ground proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation pattern exercise. Training was conducted once a day for 30 minutes, five days per week for six weeks. The balance ability was measured using the Berg balance scale. The gait ability was measured using the 10 Meter walk test. Depression was measured using the Beck depression inventory. Results: As a result of a comparison within groups, the experimental and control group showed a significant difference for balance, gait ability, and depression after the experiment (p<0.05). In a comparison between the two groups, the experimental group, in which aquatic proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation pattern exercise was applied, showed more significant changes in balance, gait ability, and depression than the control group (p<0.05). Conclusion: Based on these results, aquatic proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation pattern exercise effectively improved the balance, gait ability and depression in patients with chronic stroke.

• PNF and Movement
• /
• v.19 no.2
• /
• pp.173-182
• /
• 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of underwater and ground-based diagonal pattern exercises on the balance confidence and respiratory functions of chronic stroke patients. Methods: Thirty chronic stroke patients were assigned randomly to an experimental (n = 15) or control (n = 15) group. The experimental group performed an underwater diagonal pattern exercise. The control group performed a ground-based diagonal pattern exercise. Training was conducted once a day for 30 minutes, five days per week for six weeks. Balance confidence was measured using the Activities-Specific Balance Confidence Scale-Korea version. Respiratory function was measured using a spirometer. Results: In a comparison within groups, the experimental and control groups showed significant differences in balance confidence after the experiment (p < 0.05). In a comparison between the two groups, the experimental group showed a more significant difference in balance confidence than the control group (p < 0.05). In a comparison within groups, the experimental group showed a significant difference in respiratory functions after the experiment (p < 0.05). In a comparison between the two groups, the experimental group showed a more significant difference in respiratory functions than the control group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Based on these results, underwater diagonal pattern exercises effectively improved the balance confidence and respiratory functions of chronic stroke patients.

• PNF and Movement
• /
• v.20 no.2
• /
• pp.243-251
• /
• 2022

Purpose: This study aimed to compare the effects of aquatic and land dual-task training on balance, gait, and depression in chronic stroke patients. Methods: A total of 24 patients diagnosed with chronic stroke were the subjects. They were assigned to either the experimental group (n = 12) or the control group (n = 12). The experimental group performed aquatic dual-task training, while the control group performed land dual-task training. The aquatic and land dual-task training sessions were conducted once a day for 30 min, 5 days per week, for 6 weeks. Balance was measured using the Berg balance scale. Gait was measured using the Timed Up and Go Test. The Beck's Depression Inventory was used to measure depression. Results: Both the experimental and control groups showed significant differences in balance, gait, and depression after the intervention (p < 0.05) in the within-group comparisons. It was found that the experimental group showed more significant differences in balance, gait, and depression than the control group (p < 0.05) when the two groups were compared. Conclusion: It can be concluded that aquatic dual-task training effectively improved the balance ability, gait ability, and chronic stroke patients' depression based on these results.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
• /
• v.19 no.2
• /
• pp.65-73
• /
• 2024

PURPOSE: This study examined the effects of kinesio taping of tibialis anterior combined with cognitive dual-task training on balance and gait ability in post-stroke patients. METHODS: This study was a single-blinded, randomized control design. Thirty post-stroke patients were allocated randomly to two groups: 1) kinesio taping of tibialis anterior combined with cognitive dual-task training (KTCDT group, n = 15) and cognitive dual-task training (Control group, n = 15). Both groups were given training for 30 minutes, five days a week for four weeks. The Berg balance test and timed up-and-go test were used to measure the balance ability. GaitRite was used to analyze the gait ability. RESULTS: Both groups showed significant improvements in balance and gait ability. The KTCDT group showed significantly greater improvement in balance ability after four weeks than the control group (p < .05). In addition, the KTCDT group showed significantly greater improvement in gait ability after four weeks compared to the control group (p < .05). CONCLUSION: Kinesio taping of the tibialis anterior combined with cognitive dual-task training effectively improves the balance and gait abilities in post-stroke patients.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
• /
• v.9 no.2
• /
• pp.105-112
• /
• 2020

Objective: To investigate the effects of training using a trunk control robot (TCR) system combined with conventional therapy (CT) on balance and gait abilities in persons with chronic stroke. Design: Two-group pretest-posttest design. Methods: Thirty-five subjects with chronic stroke were randomly assigned to either the TCR group (n=17) or the trunk extension-training (TET) group (n=18). Both groups performed CT for 30 minutes, after which the TCR group performed TCR training and the TET group performed trunk extension training for 20 minutes. Both groups performed the therapeutic interventions 3 days per week for 6 weeks. Balance ability was evaluated using the Berg Balance Scale (BBS), and the Timed Up-and-Go (TUG) test. Gait ability was measured using the 10 m Walk Test (10MWT) and the NeuroCom Smart Balance Master. Results: TCR group showed significant improvements in static balance (weight bearing) and dynamic balance (weight shifting speed, weight shifting direction, BBS, and TUG), 10MWT, gait speed, and step width (p<0.05); step length was not significant. The TET group showed a significant partial improvement of dynamic balance (weight shifting speed, weight shifting direction, BBS, and 10MWT (p<0.05), but the improvements in static balance, TUG, gait speed, and step width and step length was not significant. Additionally, significant differences in static balance, dynamic balance (weight shifting speed, weight shifting direction, BBS, and TUG), 10MWT, gait speed, and step width were detected between groups (p<0.05). Conclusions: TCR training combined with CT is effective in improving static and dynamic balance, as well as gait abilities in persons with chronic stroke.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
• /
• v.7 no.1
• /
• pp.1-8
• /
• 2019

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to examine the correlation between static and dynamic balance according to the virtual reality-based squat and conventional squat exercise. Methods : Twenty four participants were randomly assigned to the virtual reality-based squat (VRS) group (n=12) or conventional squat (CS) group (n=12). The static balance (C90 area, C90 angle, trace length, sway average velocity) and dynamic balance (forward, rearward, leftward, rightward) were measured using a force plate by BT4. The VRS group used the virtual reality system during 4 weeks, while the CS group underwent classical squat training. Independent t-test was used to test the homogeneity of the general characteristics of the subjects. The collected data was analyzed using the paired t-test for static and dynamic balance comparisons before and after exercise in both groups and Pearson's test for the correlation between static and dynamic balance according to the measured time. The significance level was set to 0.05. Results : There was no significant correlation between group and static and dynamic balance related variables (p>.05). There was a significant correlation between measurement time and static and dynamic balance related variables (p<.05). According to the measurement time, the static balance parameter C90 area in the VRS group after exercise was significantly decreased (p<.05). The values of forward, leftward and rightward in the VRS group were significantly increased after exercise (p<.05). Conclusion : It is suggested that 20 normal healthy adult men and women who have normal balance ability can improve their ability to control their posture by improving the balance ability when applying virtual reality-based squat exercise.