• BMB Reports
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.546-551
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• 1995

The conformation studies of myelin P2 protein and two of its major peptides were carried out using circular dichroism and fluorescence spectroscopy in water and in lipid environments. Significant conformational changes occur when the protein or peptides were bound to gangliosides. Similar effects were also found in trifluoroethanol solutions. The conformational features of P2 protein and its major peptides were discussed in relation to the environmental changes and the disease-inducing effects.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.20 no.2 s.22
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• pp.236-246
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• 1987

n-Hexane and benzene are organic compounds which have been widely used as industrial solvents. However, they are also increasingly recognized as important pollutants in working environment. The purpose of this study is tp analyze neurotoxicity of benzene and n-hexane. In this study, tibial nerve of Sprague-Dawley rats were observed after exposing them to two different concentrations of these compounds (6000 ppm of n-hexane and 2000 ppm of benzene) which were known to be the levels to cause subacute toxicity for the three different periods; two weeks, four weeks, and six weeks. The following results were obtained from the analysis of variance, Duncan's multiple comparison test, and regression analysis: 1) Myelin sheath thickness of nerve fiber for two n-hexane exposed groups (four weeks and six weeks) were both reduced compared with the control group and the benzene exposed group. 2) There were positive relationships between nerve fiber diameter and myelin sheath thickness for both exposed and control groups. 3) There was no significant difference in myelin sheath thickness from equal diameter nerve fibers between benzene exposed group and control group, but the greater number of thin myelin sheath were observed for n-hexane exposed group compared with control group. Thus, it is concluded that n-hexane tends to reduce the rate of growth of nerve fiber more than the benzene and control group. While these results shed light on understanding the effects of benzene and n-hexane, the duration of exposure was not long enough to apply these results to real working environments. In addition, to further understand the mechanims of nerve degeneration caused by organic solvents, both epidemiological and biochemical studies should accompanied by this kind of study.

• Applied Microscopy
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.186-193
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• 2012

The ultrastructure of the secretory granules of the submandibular gland was examined in the Korean spider shrew, Sorex caecutiens, lesser white-toothed shrew, Crocidura suaveolens and big white-toothed shrew, C. lasiura. The mucous and serous acinar granules of S. caecutiens with a border of the lucid corona differed from those of C. suaveolens and C. lasiurar with a dense lateral border. The mucous acinar granules of C. lasiura with several bands producing a variety of patterns in the matrix were similar to those of C. suaveolens. The serous acinar granules of C. lasiura had a homogenous pale center surrounded by minute dense specks or had an unusual substructure showing a geometric pattern according to the inclusions in the pale matrix of the granules. This is the first report of an unusual substructure showing a geometric pattern of the serous acinar granules of C. lasiura. The myelin-like body was observed in the granular duct cell of the three species of shrew. The myelin-like body of S. caecutiens with layers of unit membranes was different from that of C. suaveolens and C. lasiura with paired membranes. Therefore, the layers composing of the paired membranes of the myelin-like body might be one of the characteristics of Crocidura.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2019.05a
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• pp.528-532
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• 2019

The dorsal root ganglion (DRG) was isolated from mouse embryos and Schwann cells and neuronal cells were cultured in vitro. The neurons and Schwann cells were cultured separately and the two kinds of cells were cultured together for three weeks. Generation of myelination was confirmed by transmission electron microscope and confocal microscope using a myelinaion protein, myelin protein zero (MPZ) antibody. The sindbis virus was infected for three days in the myelinated culture cells and then demyelination was carried out. The process of demyelination was also confirmed by transmission electron microscopy and confocal microscopy using myelin protein zero (MPZ) antibody. The study was supported by a Basic Research Program through the National Research Foundation (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Science and Technology, ICT and Future Plans (NRF-2016R1A2B4016552 and 2017R1A2B3005753).

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2015.05a
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• pp.943-946
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• 2015

For myelination, Schwann cells and neuron cells from dorsal root ganglion (DRG) of rat embryos (E16) were cultured in vitro system. The purified DRG cells with anti-mitotic agents and purified Schwann cells were cocultured and then accomplished myelination processing. Treatment of M. leprae-specific phenolic glycolipid-1 (PGL-1) into this coculture system was performed and then accomplished demyelination. Therefore, we identified demyelination processing using antibody of myelin basic protein (MBP).

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2017.05a
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• pp.714-717
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• 2017

Schwann cells and Neuronal cells were isolated from dorsal root ganglion (DRG) in embryos of rat in vitro respectively. The cultured Schwann cells and cultured neuronal cells, respectively were co-cultured in a same plate. These cells were performed accomplishment of myelination. This myelinated co-culture system was infected by Semliki forest virus and then induced demyelination processing in this myelinated co-culture. We identified myelination and demyelination processing using antibody of peripheral myelin protein 22 (PMP 22) meaning presence of myelinated neuron.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.64 no.3
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• pp.103-110
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• 2021

Inflammatory or immune-mediated demyelinating central nervous system (CNS) syndromes include a broad spectrum of clinical phenotype and different overlapping diseases. Antibodies against myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG-Ab) have been found in some cases of these demyelinating diseases, particularly in children. MOG-Ab is associated with a wider clinical phenotype not limited to neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder, with most patients presenting with optic neuritis, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) or ADEM-like encephalitis with brain demyelinating lesions, and/or myelitis. Using specific cell-based assays, MOG-Ab is becoming a potential biomarker of inflammatory demyelinating disorders of the CNS. A humoral immune reaction against MOG was recently found in monophasic diseases and recurrent/multiphasic clinical progression, particularly in pediatric patients. This review summarizes the data regarding MOG-Ab as an impending biological marker for discriminating between these diverse demyelinating CNS diseases and discusses recent developments, clinical applications, and findings regarding the immunopathogenesis of MOG-Ab-associated disorders.

• Applied Microscopy
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.119-130
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• 2006

To investigate the role of myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG) in the normal aging process, aging-related morphometric and ultrastructural analyses of the MAG-positive (MAG-(+)) oligodendrocytes were carried out in the cerebral cortex of the Sprague-Dawley rats. In the aged rats, the density of MAG-(+) oligodendrocytes was significantly decreased in the cortical layer (IV-VI) compared with that of the adult rats. However, the percentage of medium and dark types of oligodendrocytes was significantly increased by aging. In the aged rats, the mean nuclear area of the MAG-(-) oligodendrocytes was interestingly reduced compared with that of MAG-(+) oligodendrocytes. In addition, MAG immunoreactive products were markedly decreased in the medium-dark type of oligodendroglial cytoplasm and processes, and were scarcely localized in the dark type of oligodendrocytes of the aged rats. These results suggest that degeneration of oligodendrocytes-myelin system by aging is associated with down regulation of MAG, and that may contribute to further understanding of the biology of MAG in the oligodendrocytes-myelin system.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2018.05a
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• pp.584-587
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• 2018

Many viruses including mouse hepatitis virus, corona, measles, and sidbis viruses are known as causative virus of inducing demyelination which means destruction of myelination in nervous system of mice. The purpose of this study is to investigate processing of myelination by co-culture of Schwann cells and neuronal cells and demyelination induced by infection of sindbis virusin rat. Schwann cells and neuronal cells from dorsal root ganglion (DRG) in embryos (E16) of rat were cultured in vitro respectively. The purified neuronal cells with anti-mitotic agents and purified Schwann cells were co-cultured. After that, infection of sindbis virus into this myelinated co-culture system was performed. Myelination and demyelination process were observed using antibody of myelin basic protein meaning presence of myelination.We identified myelination and demyelination processing using antibody of peripheral myelin protein 22 (PMP 22) meaning presence of myelinated neuron. This study was supported by the Basic Research Program through the National Research Foundation (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Science, ICT & Future Planning (NRF-2015R1C1A1A01053484 and 2017R1A2B3005753).

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.295-300
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• 1993

Central nervous system of two dogs with natural canine distemper was investigated histopathologically and immunocytochemically with antisera to MBP, MAG and GFAP. Histopathologically, there were neuronal degeneration and diffuse gliosis in the cerebrum, vacuolar degeneration, hypertrophy of astrocytes and demyelination in cerebellar white matter adjacent to the 4th ventricle and optic tracts showing non-inflammatory demyelinating encephalomyelitis (Summers and Appel, 1987). Immunohistochemically, there was a concurrent disappearance of MBP and MAG in the well developed demyelinating lesion in the cerebellar white matter. At the margin of demyelination, Loss of both MBP and MAG varied on the stage of demyelinating process. GFAP-positive astrocytes were hypertrophied and contained canine distemper virus intranuclear inclusions. GFAP-positive fibers were increased at the early stage of demyelination, and then were not immunoreaeted at the well developed demyelination. Hypertrophic astrocytes with intranuclear inclusions were commonly identified in the interfascular layer without myelin vacuolation and demyelination. This is the first study of primary demyelination and astroglial reactions in natural CDE investigated using immunocytochemistry of two myelin proteins and GFAP. Concurrent loss of MBP and MAG suggest that the myelin sheath is the target in the demyelinating process in CDE.