• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.393-400
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• 2011

The effects of the ectomycorrhizal fungus Pisolithus tinctorius and cadmium (Cd) on physiological properties and Cd uptake by Populus alba ${\times}$ glandulosa was investigated under greenhouse conditions. Cd treatment decreased the photosynthetic rate ($P_N$) of both non-mycorrhizal (NM) plants (16.3%) and ectomycorrhizal (ECM) plants (11.5%). In addition, the reduction in total dry weight by Cd treatment was greater in ECM plants (24.3%) than that in NM plants (17.6%). Mycorrhizal infection increased the $P_N$ and transpiration rate in both control and Cd-treated plants. Cd treatment increased superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and decreased glutathione reductase activity, and the increase of SOD activity by Cd treatment was greater in NM plants (40.3%) than that in ECM plants (3.7%). Thiol content increased in both NM and ECM plants treated with Cd solution, and the increase in thiol content in NM plants (43.9%) was greater than that of ECM plants (15.6%). Cd uptake in the leaves, stems, and roots of ECM plants was 69.9%, 167.2% and 72.8%, respectively, higher than in the NM plants. However, the increase in Cd uptake ability of ECM plants resulted in a reduction in dry weight.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.132-135
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• 2012

제주도와 완도에서 채집한 총 5종의 자생란의 뿌리에서 미동정 1종을 포함한 총 4종의 균을 순수분리하였으며, 추출한 DNA를 ITS지역을 증폭하여 분자적 동정하였다. 이중 3종이 Tulasnella속이었으며, 1종은 Sebacina vermifera로 일반적인 난균근균이었다. 제주도와 완도에서 모두 채집한 보춘화(Cymbidium goeringii)의 경우 제주도에서 채집한 뿌리에서는 Sebacina vermifera가, 완도에서 채집한 뿌리에서는 Tulasnella calospora가 분리되어 같은 종의난과 식물에서도 서식지에 따라 공생하는 난균근균이 다를 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• Mycobiology
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.151-156
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• 2003

Two fungal isolates obtained from roots of Cymbidium goeriingii in Jeju island were confirmed to be symbiotic with orchid plantlets, and were compared with other orchid mycorrhizal(OM) fungi previously isolated. The two isolates differed in their peloton structures formed in the roots of Cymbidium kanran hybrid 'Chungsu' and in responses of orchid plant. These two isolates differed from the additionally tested OM fungi in some features, and from root damaging species of Rhizoctonia and Fusarium as based on cluster analysis after PCR-RAPD with the primers, Bioneer-28 and OPO-2. With this simple and fast technique, it was possible to distinguish OM fungi from the plant root pathogenic fungi based on calculation of their polymorphic bands. This technique can therefore be helpful to distinguish the OM fungi from the root pathogens. Particularly, the new isolates are considered as new resource of symbiotic fungi for horticultural industries.

• 한국균학회소식:학술대회논문집
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• 한국균학회 2014년도 추계학술대회 및 정기총회
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• pp.48-48
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• 2014

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi(AMF) is widespread symbiont forming mutualistic relationship with plant root in terrestrial forest in ecosystem. They provide improved absorption of nutrient and water, and enhance the resistance against plant pathogen or polluted soil, therefore AM fungi are important for survival and maintaining of individual or community of plant. For last decade, many studies about the functional variation of AM fungi on host plant growth response were showed that different geographic isolates, even same species, have different effect on host plant. However, little was known about functional variation of AM fungal isolates originated single population, which provide important insight about intraspecific diversity of AMF and their role in forest ecosystem. In this study, four AM fungal isolates of Rhizophagus clarus were cultured in vitro using transformed carrot (Daucus carota) root and they showed the difference between isolates in ontogenic characteristics such as spore density and hyphal length. The plant growth response by mycorrhizas were measured also. After 20 weeks from inoculation of these isolates to host plants, dry weight, Root:Shoot ratio, colonization rates and N, P concentration of host plant showed host plant was affected differently by AM fungal isolates. This results suggest that AM fungi have high diversity in their functionality in intraspecific level, even in same population.

• 한국균학회소식:학술대회논문집
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• 한국균학회 2018년도 춘계학술대회 및 임시총회
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• pp.35-35
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• 2018

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are one of the most widespread symbionts globally. Owing to their enhanced nutrient absorption capacity, AMF significantly contribute to the survival of individual plants and the ecosystem functioning. Community structures of AMF are affected by many environmental factors Inland wetlands have a different environment from common forest soils, therefore, plants inhabiting wetlands may have characteristic AMF communities. The purpose of this study was to compare the AMF communities in wetlands, among the species of host plants. We sampled the roots of 3 host plant species, Phragmites communis, Miscanthus sacchariflorus, and Trisetum bifidum with rhizospheres from 3 isolated areas in Upo wetland, Korea. We extracted DNA from AMF spores in rhizospheres and the roots of 3 plant species. We amplified 18S rDNA of AMF using AMF specific primer. As a result, we confirmed 9 species from 5 genera in AMF spores, and 5 species from 3 genera in plant roots. Funneliformis caledonium was the most dominant species in field soils, on the other hand, Diversispora aurantia was the most dominant species in plant roots. We confirmed that species diversity and abundance of AMF communities were different among host plant species. These results showed that the AMF community had specific to host plants in the inland wetland.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제26권1호통권84호
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• pp.97-102
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• 1998

제주도 일원 14개소의 감귤원에서 감귤 뿌리를 포함한 토양 시료를 95년 10월에 수집하여 VA균의 포자를 분리하여 관찰 동정하였다. 분리된 공생균근균은 3속 5종으로서 Acaulospora bireticulata, Glomus deserticola, G. geosporum, G. vesiculiferum, Sclerocystis pachycaulis였으며, Acaulospora sp.로 사료되는 두 가지는 아직 종동정이 되지 않았다. 이중에서 G. deserticola와 미동정된 Acaulospora sp.는 모든 시료토양에서 빈도가 매우 높게 관찰되어 우점종으로 사료되었으나, 다른 종에 속하는 포자들은 이들 종에 비하여 관찰 빈도가 매우 낮았다.

• 한국균학회지
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• 제42권4호
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• pp.306-311
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• 2014

본 연구에서는 우리나라 목본식물의 근권에서 수지상균 근균을 분리하여 배양하였다. 형태 및 18S rDNA 염기서열 분석을 통해 총 4개 속 5개 종의 수지상균근균을 동정하였으며 이들 균은 현재까지 국내미기록종이다; Acaulospora cavernata, Claroideoglomus luteum, Diversispora aurantium, D. trimurales, Rhizophagus irregularis. 각 종의 형태적 특징 및 계통관계를 제시하였다. 본 연구는 우리나라 수지상균 근균의 다양성 연구에 유용할 것으로 판단된다.

• Mycobiology
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.312-317
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• 2017

Orchidaceous plants have symbiotic relationships with endophytic fungi, including mycorrhizal fungi, which play important roles in the seed germination and growth of the host plants. In this study, endophytic fungal communities isolated from the roots of Cephalanthera longibracteata collected from three different sites in Korea were analyzed, and it was determined whether fungal communities were preferentially correlated with the sites. The fungal isolates were identified by sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer regions of rDNA. In total, 30 species of endophytic fungi, including two species of mycorrhizal fungi belonging to the genus Tulasnella, were identified. Leptodontidium orchidicola showed the highest frequency and was isolated from all root samples. Species diversity and richness were not significantly different among sites. However, the community structure of the endophytic fungi significantly differed among sites, suggesting that the site characteristics affected the community composition of the endophytic fungi colonizing the roots of C. longibracteata. Our findings will aid in developing methods involving the use of symbiotic fungi for orchid conservation and restoration in native habitats.

• Mycobiology
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.396-405
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• 2021

Cinnamomum migao plants often face different degrees of drought in karst habitats, which can lead to plants' death, especially in the seedling stage. Widespread of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi in karst soils have the potential to address this drought, which is a threat to C. migao seedlings. We inoculated C. migao seedlings with spores from Glomus lamellosum and Glomus etunicatum, two AM fungi widely distributed in karst soils, to observe seedling growth response after simulated drought. Our results showed that 40 g of G. lamellosum and G. etunicatum significantly promoted the growth of C. migao seedlings, 120 days after inoculation. Following a 15-day drought treatment, root colonization of the seedlings with G. lamellosum or G. etunicatum had lower the accumulation of malondialdehyde (MDA) and increased the accumulation of enzymes and osmotic substances in the seedlings. The relative water content in different organs (roots, stems, and leaves) of the drought-stressed seedlings was higher in plants with G. lamellosum or G. etunicatum than in plants without AM fungi colonization. Our results showed that inoculation with AM fungi was an effective means to improve the drought resistance of C. migao seedlings.

• Mycobiology
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• 제50권2호
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• pp.142-149
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• 2022

Orchids live with mycorrhizal fungi in mutualism. This symbiotic relationship plays an essential role in the overall life cycle of orchids from germination, growth, settlement, and reproduction. Among the 1000 species of the orchid, the Korean lady's slipper, Cypripedium japonicum, is known as an endangered species. Currently, only five natural habitats of the Korean lady's slipper remain in South Korea, and the population of Korean lady's slipper in their natural habitat is not increasing. To prevent extinction, this study was designed to understand the fungal community interacting in the rhizosphere of the Korean lady's slipper living in the native and artificial habitats. In-depth analyses were performed to discover the vital mycorrhizal fungi contributing to habitat expansion and cultivation of the endangered orchid species. Our results suggested that Lycoperdon nigrescens contributed most to the increase in natural habitats and Russula violeipes as a characteristic of successful cultivation. And the fungi that helped L. nigrescens and R. violeipes to fit into the rhizosphere community in Korean lady's slipper native place were Paraboeremia selaginellae and Metarhizium anisopliae, respectively. The findings will contribute to restoring and maintaining the endangered orchid population in natural habitats.