• Journal of Multimedia Information System
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.99-106
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• 2017

This study does a qualitative and quantitative analysis of how music by humming is being used by music educators in the classroom. Music by humming is part division of music information retrieval. In order to define what a music information retrieval system is first I need to define what it is. Berger and Lafferty (1999) define information retrieval as "someone doing a query to a retrieval system, a user begins with an information need. This need is an ideal document- perfect fit for the user, but almost certainly not present in the retrieval system's collection of documents. From this ideal document, the user selects a group of identifying terms. In the context of traditional IR, one could view this group of terms as akin to expanded query." Music Information Retrieval has its background in information systems, data mining, intelligent systems, library science, music history and music theory. Three rounds of surveys using question pro where completed. The study found that there were variances in knowledge, training and level of awareness of query by humming, music information retrieval systems. Those variance relationships where based on music specialty, level that they teach, and age of the respondents.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• summer
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• pp.229-232
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• 2004

In this paper, we propose a robust music retrieval system based on the content analysis of music. New feature extraction method called Multi-Feature Clustering (MFC) is proposed for the robust and optimum performance of the music retrieval system. It is demonstrated that the use of MFC significantly improves the system stability of music retrieval with better classification accuracy.

• International Journal of Contents
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.1-6
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• 2012

Recently, content-based music information retrieval (MIR) systems for mobile devices have attracted great interest. However, music retrieval systems are greatly affected by background noise when music is recorded in noisy environments. Therefore, we evaluated various pre-processing methods using the Philips method to determine the one that performs most robust music retrieval in such environments. We found that dynamic noise reduction (DNR) is the best pre-processing method for a music retrieval system in noisy environments.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.43 no.1 s.307
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• pp.85-90
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• 2006

In this paper, we propose the content-based music information retrieval system with improved retrieval speed and stable performance while maintaining resonable retrieval accuracy In order to solve the in-stable system problem multi-feature clustering (MFC) is used to setup robust music DB. In addition, the music retrieval speed was improved by using the Superclass concept. Effectiveness of the system with SuperClass and without SuperClass is compared in terms of retrieval speed, accuracy and retrieval precision. It is demonstrated that the use of WC and Superclass substantially improves music retrieval speed up to $20\%\~40\%$ while maintaining almost equal retrieval accuracy.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.32-55
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• 2018

The digitization of music has seen a considerable increase in audience size from a few localized listeners to a wider range of global listeners. At the same time, the digitization brings the challenge of smoothly retrieving music from large databases. To deal with this challenge, many systems which support the smooth retrieval of musical data have been developed. At the computational level, a query music piece is compared with the rest of the music pieces in the database. These systems, music information retrieval (MIR systems), work for various applications such as general music retrieval, plagiarism detection, music recommendation, and musicology. This paper mainly addresses two parts of the MIR research area. First, it presents a general overview of MIR, which will examine the history of MIR, the functionality of MIR, application areas of MIR, and the components of MIR. Second, we will investigate music similarity measurement methods, where we provide a comparative analysis of state of the art methods. The scope of this paper focuses on comparative analysis of the accuracy and efficiency of a few key MIR systems. These analyses help in understanding the current and future challenges associated with the field of MIR systems and music similarity measures.

• International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.192-195
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• 2008

People have tendency of forgetting music title, though they easily remember particular part of music. If a music search system can find the title through a part of melody, this will provide very convenient interface to users. In this paper, we propose an algorithm that enables this type of search using feature transformation function. The original music is transformed to new feature information with sequential melodies. When a melody that is a part of search music is given to the system, the music retrieval system searches the music similar to the feature information of the melody. Moreover, this transformation function can be easily extended to various music recognition systems.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.10 no.8
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• pp.130-137
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• 2010

An advancement and wide use of portable multimedia devices make it easy to spread digital sound source, enabling users to use portable multimedia devices and search and enjoy digital sound sources and related contents. In opposition the off-line musical service market with CD stagnates gradually and in the crisis where the off-line musical service market vanishes away. In this paper, we propose the mobile music album information retrieval system which combines the barcode and a cellular phone musical service. To get digital sound sources and related information from music albums, the proposed retrieval system uses one-dimensional barcodes attached to music albums and obtains information on related albums from the sound source servers. Also, to reflect user preferences in search results, the system uses search frequency by music album, and searches albums in music genres selected by users in the order of the recent preference. The proposed mobile music album retrieval system is implemented on the basis of WIPI, and is now providing pilot services.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.10 no.11
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• pp.1398-1406
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• 2007

Providing natural and efficient access to the fast growing multimedia information is a critical aspect for content-based information system. Query by humming system allows the user to find a song by humming part of the tune form music database. Conventional music information retrieval systems use a high precision pitch extraction method. However, it is very difficult to extract true pitch perfectly. So, In this paper, we propose to use YIN parameter with applying the reliability to reduce the pitch extraction errors. And we describes developed music information retrieval method based on a query by humming system which uses reliable feature extraction. Developed system is based on a continuous dynamic programming algorithm with features including pitch, duration and energy along with their confidence measures. The experiment showed that the proposed method could reduce the errors of the top-10 7.2% and the top-1 9.1% compared with the cepsturm based multiple pitch candidate. The overall retrieval system achieved 92.8% correct retrieval in the top-10 rank list on a database of 155 songs.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.12 no.11
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• pp.1581-1592
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• 2009

Recently, we can hear various kinds of music in everywhere and anytime. If a user wants to find the music which was heard before in a street or cafe, but he does not know the title of the music, it is difficult to find it. That is the limitation of previous retrieval system of music data. To overcome these problems, we research a method of content-based retrieval of music data based on the recorded humming, the part of recorded music and the played musical instrument. In this paper, we investigated previous content-based retrieval methods of papers, systems and patents. Based on that, we research a method of content-based retrieval of music data. That is, in case of using the recorded humming and music for query, we extract the frequency information from the recorded humming/music and the stored music data by using FFT. We use a MIDI file in case of query by the played musical instrument. And by using dynamic programming matching, the error caused by the disparity of length between the input source with the stored music data could be reduced.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.45 no.6
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• pp.148-155
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• 2008

In this paper, we constructed the noise robust content-based music retrieval system in mobile environment. The performance of the proposed system was verified with ZCPA feature which is blown to have noise robust characteristic in speech recognition application. In addition, new indexing and fast retrieval method are proposed to improve retrieval speed about 99% compare to exhaustive retrieval for large music DB. From the computer simulation results in noise environment of 15dB - 0dB SNR, we confirm the superior performance of the proposed system about 5% - 30% compared to MFCC and FBE(filter bank energy) feature.