• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.139-147
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• 1982

In case of segmental injury of trachea, the primary repair is very difficult, because the trachea is fixed in place without movability from the surrounding tissue. In addition to special anatomical situation of trachea, any ideal artificial prosthesis for tracheal replacement is not still appeared. Many authors proposed several procedures for the tracheal repair, but satisfactory results were few. Among the proposed procedures end to end anastomosis of trachea was noted superior when both ends of trachea could be approximated by mobilization of upper and lower injured trachea. The author's experiment was designed to determine the effect about decreased tension on trachea when the hyoid bone was released downward from the surrounding muscular structures. The experimental dogs were divided into two groups, suprahyoid releasing group (SH R) and control group of intact hyoid. SH R group was subdivided into two groups accord ing to he degree of tension. The experimental results were as follow; 1. SH R group: In view of X-ray, the distance between the angle of mandible and the displaced hyoid bone was lengthened downward. And it's range was from 1.3cm (38%) minimally to 2.7cm(108%) maximally. 2. Control group: The distance between the angle of mandible and hyoid was same in both pre and postoperation. As the result of this experiment study, the suprahyoid release technique seems to be the efficient method that enable of release the trachea maximally. And it should be expected that the SH R technique is applicable clinically.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.58-62
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• 1995

We investigated whether nitric oxide (NO) may serve a role in bladder function by immunohistochemical analysis of the distribution of intrinsic NADPH-diaphorase and functional study of isometric tension recordings via a photo-induced adequate nitric oxide (PIANO) generating system using rat bladder. Results suggest that a small number of NADPH-diaphorase-positive perikarya are present within the bladder wall and within adjacent small ganglia. Furthermore, NADPH-diaphorase-positive nerve fibers were observed in the adventitial and muscular layers, subjacent to the urothelium and perivascular fibers. Rat bladder strips precontracted with 3$\mu$M carbachol were reversibly relaxed upon NO generation by UV irradiation. PIANO-mediated relaxation was sensitive to oxygen free radicals. In addition, tissue cGMP levels were increased by the PIANO generating system and elevated cGMP levels were decreased by pretreatment of guanylate cyclase inhibitor, methylene blue. These results indicate that NO may serve a role in modulating bladder tone in the rat.

• 대한정형도수물리치료학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.17-26
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• 1999

The pelvic floor is a muscular structure, pierced by urologic, genital, and distal intestinal tract. Also pelvic floor is not a frozen but a functional unit. The pelvic floor dysfunction has 1) laxity of soft tissue and muscle 2)rupture of pelvic floor, 3)increased the tension. The purpose of this study is to give information about the pelvic floor dysfunction and pelvic exercise. This investigate the pelvic floor structure and function, pelvic floor dysfunction, pelvic floor exercise, and recent research trends. The pelvic floor exercise is one of important exercise in physical therapy, this exercise program will be improved patients with pelvic floor dysfunction.

• 약학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.55-61
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• 1988

To elucidate one of the effect of piperine on the peripheral sympathetic nervous system, influence of piperine upon the contractile action of norepinephrine, methoxamine and tyramine as well as uptake and release of $[^{3}H]-norepinephrine$ has been investigated in naive and chronic piperine-treated vas deferens of rats. $pA_2$ value for ${\alpha}_1-adrenoceptor$ of phentolamine was significantly increased. Chronic piperine-treated group was markedly shown increased efflux of $[^{3}H]-norepinephrine$ and muscular tension, but was not affected the neuronal up-take and release of $[^{3}H]-norepinephrine$. It can be concluded that potentiation of the effect of norepinephrine by acute and chronic piperine treated group may be due to the change of affinity of ${\alpha}_1-adrenoceptor$, and partly due to possible modification of storage mechanism.

• 대한구순구개열학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.21-28
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• 2012

Unilateral cleft lip is not a simple and independent problem in all aspects. nasal deformity results from the cleft lip, maxillary hypoplasia, and abnormal muscular pull on the nasal structures, including abnormal muscular tension on the alar base and abnormal position of the orbicularis oris muscle. Its gross and histopathologic characteristics include widening of the alar base, a midline deviation of the columella and septum to the noncleft side, dorsal displacement of the dome, lateral rotation of medial crura, buckling of the alar cartilage, and underdevelopment of the pyriform aperture. Since Dr. Millard first presented his method for repair of the unilateral cleft lip and nasal deformity in 1955, no other technique has gained as much popularity as the rotation-advancement principle. Principles established more than 50 years ago and techniques are evolving continuously. Unlike earlier procedures, this repair gives the surgeon the opportunity to manipulate the individual cleft elements through various modifications while maintaining Millard's original surgical and anatomical goals. Although this strategy is applied worldwide, successful execution is variable and highly operator dependent. Millard and many other surgeons have made technical variations to adjust the procedure to each specific patient, to address some of its faults, and to gain new advantages. We will review the Mulliken's modifications that Dr. Millard made to his original rotation-advancement principle and inform cases applied modifying the rotation-advancement principle.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.93-99
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• 2005

In spite of proper maneuver of total knee replacement arthroplasty, some patients suffer from skin necrosis just above the implant. From Mar. 2000 to Jan. 2004, the authors performed reconstruction of knee skin defects after total knee replacement athroplasty. Total 6 cases of flap surgery were performed and patients ranged between 43-years-old to 82-years-old. Rectus femoris perforator based reversed adipofascial flaps were used in 2 cases, medial gastrocnemius muscular island flaps were used in 2 cases and sural artery based on adipofascial rotation flap was used in 1 case. One patient with extended necrosis underwent reconstruction with dual flaps of sural artery based adipofascial rotation flap and medial gastrocnemius muscular island flap. There were no distinctive complication needing additional procedure in all cases during the long term follow up. Reconstruction of necrosis following total knee replacement arthroplasty had several characteristics different from simple knee defect. The patients might have the history of long term steroid usages, excessive skin tension due to implants, underlying disease such as diabetes, rheumatoid disease, and etc. In addition, the early ambulation is mandatory in these patients of total knee replacement arthroplasty. With regards to these special considerations, a single stage and reliable operation must be needed. The authors introduce various reconstruction methods and algorithm that may aid easy decision making.

• 대한정형도수물리치료학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.5-11
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• 2003

Thoracic outlet syndrome is actually a collection of syndromes brought about by abnormal compression of the neurovascular bundle by bony, ligamentous or muscular obstacles between the cervical spine and the lower border of the axilla. First of all a syndrome is defined as a group of signs and symptoms that collectively characterize or indicate a particular disease or abnormal condition. The neurovascular bundle which can suffer compression consists of the brachial plexus plus the C8 and T1 nerve roots and the subclavian artery and vein. The brachial plexus is the network of motor and sensory nerves which innervate the arm, the hand, and the region of the shoulder girdle. The vascular component of the bundle, the subclavian artery and vein transport blood to and from the arm. the hand. the shoulder girdle and the regions of the neck and head. The bony, ligamentous, and muscular obstacles all define the cervicoaxillary canal or the thoracic outlet and its course from the base of the neck to the axilla or arm pit. Look at the scheme of this region and it all becomes more easily understood. Compression occurs when the size and shape of the thoracic outlet is altered. The outlet can be altered by exercise, trauma, pregnancy, a congenital anomaly, an exostosis, postural weakness or changes. Thoracic outlet syndrome has been described as occurring in a diverse population. It is most often the result of poor or strenuous posture but can also result from trauma or constant muscle tension in the shoulder girdle. The first step to beginning any treatment begins with a trip to the doctor. Make a list of all of the symptoms which seem to be present even if the sensations are vague. Make a note of what activities and positions produce or alleviate the symptoms and the time of day when symptoms are worst. Also, note when the symptoms first appeared. This list is important and should also include any questions one may have.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.323-330
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• 1999

기능성 반대교합을 가진 성장기 환자의 경우 조기에 원인을 제거하여 골격성으로 이행하는 것을 방지하고 성장조절에 의해 악골관계를 개선함으로써 정상적인 기능과 안모를 유도해야 된다. 반대교합의 치료방법중 기능형 치료장치가 있는데, 그중 $Fr\ddot{a}nkel$장치물은 작용발휘의 기반으로서 vestibular region을 이용하는 것이 특징이며, 비정상적인 근육력을 차단하여 구강내 치열 및 악궁에 대한 힘의 불균형 상태를 개선하고, 결여되어 있는 근육의 긴장도를 증대시킴으로써 근육의 힘을 치아에 직접 미치지 않고, 악골 및 치아, 치조골을 양호하게 발육시킬 수 있다는 점에서 근육의 힘이 장치를 매개로 하여 직접 치아에 전달되어 치아이동을 얻게 되는 다른 장치와 구별된다고 할 수 있다. 이에, 상악중절치 맹출시기의 전치부 반대교합을 FR III로 치료하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 상악의 전방성장과 상악전치의 순측경사가 일어났다. 2. 하악의 후하방회전에 의해 하안면고가 증가하였다. 3. 정상적인 하악골과 열성장된 상악골을 가진 경우, 수직피개교합과 역수평피개교합이 더 클수록 더 좋은 예후를 나타냈다.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.271-302
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• 2017

Objectives : Jakyakgamcho-tang has been used to treat muscular tension, spasm and pain. On this study, new clinical uses of Jakyakgamcho-tang were confirmed and the other pharmacological results were summarized by analysing trends of modern experimental studies and clinical studies. Methods : Papers related to Jakyakgamcho-tang were searched on PUBMED, RISS, and National Assembly Library, and classified by categories and effects of clinical application and a variety of experiment around abstract. Also, figures were used for sketching out a timeline of expressing when these papers were read and core research content was described as a digest for identifying research trends. Results : Until today, there are 104 researches about the antispasmodic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory effects of Jakyakgamcho-tang. In total, 91 papers were analyzed in this study. In matter of subject, researches on the antispasmodic effects were 17 cases, researches on the analgesic effects were 14 cases, researches on gynecological therapeutics were 14 cases, researches on pharmacokinetics were 12 cases, researches on the constituent identification were 7 cases, studies about constituents efficacy were 6 cases, studies about interactions with drugs were 6 cases. Conclusion : The traditional use of Jakyakgamcho-tang on muscle tension, spasm and pain has proven to have effects through the experimental evidences. Other effects of Jakyakgamcho-tang such as gynecological therapeutics, anti-inflammatory effects, are now emerging as a new area in clinical use. Futhermore as an auxiliary treatment, Jakyakgamcho-tang is a good alternative for muscle cramps during maintenance of hemodialysis, myalgia or arthralgia induced by anticancer drugs, amenorrhea induced by neuroleptics.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.15-26
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• 2003

This study was conducted to investigate the performance times, CM position and CM speed, pole chord length and pole chord angle, whole body angular momentum(X axis), and grip width in pole vault event according to the event and phase; touch down, pole plant, take-off, maximum pole bending pole straight, pole release, peak height, and foot contact, pole contact, free flight. The pole vaulting of four male elite vaulters including six trial were filmed using two video digital cameras at 60 Hz at 56th national athletic match, and data were collected through the DLT method of three dimensional cinematography. In general the better jumper is, the longer the performance time is. And the greater CM speed is, and the better his transformation ability of CM horizontal speed into vertical speed is. As he uses a longer pole, his grip is higher, and it is a enough for him to rock back his body, so that he pulls and pushes the pole well keeping his hips close to. An greater maximum angular momentum and early positioning of the hips parallel to the bar makes his body far side of the bar and his bar clearance easier. Specially our national jumper needs to have more powerful braking force during foot contact phase, and take his body on the pole after maximum pole bending, and pull and push the pole strongly keeping his hips close to. Also he needs to have stronger muscular strength in order to control the longer pole and use the pole of proper tension more efficiently.