• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
• /
• v.11 no.4
• /
• pp.51-60
• /
• 2023

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of pelvic floor muscle exercise (PFME) on an unstable support surface on maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP), maximum expiratory pressure (MEP), and abdominal muscle thickness as a method for effective PFME. Methods : This study was performed on 22 subjects. They were matched and divided into two groups based on body mass index; the experimental group (EG) performed PFME on a foam roller (n= 11), the control group (CG) performed PFME on a stable support surface (n= 11). Kegel exercise was performed with 10 seconds of contraction, 10 seconds of relaxation, and 4 sets of 10 reps per set. Both of group executed the exercise 3 times a week for 2 weeks. MIP and MEP was measured using a spirometer. Abdominal muscle thickness was measured using ultrasound. The paired t-test was used to compare difference on each group and the comparison between groups was analyzed using the independent t-test. A significance level of α= .05 was used to verify statistical significance. Results : The EG showed a significant increase in the MEP (p<.05). The CG showed a significant increase in the MEP (p<.05). There was no significant difference in the two groups (p>.05). The EG showed a significant increase in the external oblique, internal oblique and transverse abdominis (p<.05). The CG showed a significant increase in the internal oblique (p<.05). There was no significant difference in the two groups (p>.05). Conclusion : Based on the results of this study, additional research should be conducted to correct the limitations of this study to confirm that PFME performed on a foam roller has a positive effect on respiratory muscle strength and abdominal muscle thickness.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
• /
• v.28 no.5
• /
• pp.103-110
• /
• 2011

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect and adverse events of Gamiwolbigachul-tang on the changes of body composition and musculoskeletal pain in overweight patients. Methods : A total of 28 patients with overweight patients who were complaining musculoskeletal pain were treated with Gamiwolbigachul-tang more than 4 weeks between January 2011 and August 2011 in Kyung Hee University Oriental Medical Hospital were observed. We have evaluated the efficacy of treatments by measuring the changes of body composition (Body weight, Body mass index, Skeletal muscle mass, Body fat mass and Waist hip ratio) and musculoskeletal pain. The 28 patients were analyzed according to the distribution of sex, age, body compostition and musculoskeletal pain. Results : 1. There were statistically significant changes on Body weight and BMI in 28 patients after 4 weeks of treatment. 2. Gamiwolbigachul-tang had effect on reducing Body fat mass rather than Fat free mass. 3. There were statistically significant changes on musculoskeletal pains such as lower back pain, knee pain after treatment. 4. There were few side effects except those common complications such as insomnia(3 patients), palpitation(2 patients) and indigestion(1 patients), which did not have effects on everyday living. Conclusions : These results suggest that Gamiwolbigachul-tang will be beneficial for overweight patients with musculoskeletal pain, having both effectiveness and safety.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
• /
• v.38 no.1
• /
• pp.105-108
• /
• 2011

Purpose: An extensive knowledge of the arterial anatomy of the upper extremity and its variations is indispensable to the hand surgeon. We report a patient with anomalous radial artery, superficial course of two radial arteries, encountered during the excision of volar wrist ganglion. Methods: The patient was a 53-year-old man who had a painful mass on the left volar wrist for 1 year. Under general anesthesia, a curved incision was made around the mass. With the skin flaps retracted, the dome of the cyst was identified. Particular care was taken to identify and protect the radial artery, which was intimately attached to the wall of the ganglion. Two radial arteries completely encircled the ganglion. The pedicle was traced to the volar joint capsule, radiocarpal ligament. The joint was open and the capsular attachments were excised. Results: The patient made an uneventful recovery. There were two arterial pulsations at the volar side of the wrist joint. Compressing this site revealed that the major arterial contributor to blood supply in the hand was the ulnar artery. At angioCT, an anomaly of the radial artery was found with a duplication. The pathway of this aberrant artery was superficial to the original radial artery. It changed its course subcutaneously at the level of the tendon of the brachioradialis muscle, and crossing the wrist lateral to the original radial artery and ending in the deep palmar arch. Conclusion: Authors experienced a case of bifurcating radial artery encountered during the excision of ganglion on the volar of the wrist. Because these duplicated radial arteries make strong contributions to the thumb and index finger as well as to the deep palmar arch, when they are present there may be probably less blood supply to the hand from the ulnar artery. If the radial artery is palpated superficially on the brachioradialis muscle, it is important to remember the kind of anomaly.

• Korean Journal of Family Medicine
• /
• v.39 no.6
• /
• pp.347-354
• /
• 2018

Background: BMI alone may not serve as an index of obesity because it does not reflect body composition. The present study aimed to compare arterial stiffness as assessed by the brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (ba-PWV) among groups defined by body fat percentage (pBF) and BMI. Methods: This cross-sectional study was based on 1,700 participants (1,044 men and 656 women) who completed a health screening examination at a national hospital between January 2011 and February 2016. Participants were divided into four groups according to BMI and pBF: normal fat and normal weight (NFNW); excessive fat and normal weight (EFNW); normal fat and obese (NFO); and excessive fat and obese (EFO). The ba-PWV and other cardiometabolic factors were compared among the four groups in men and women separately. Results: For both sexes, the NFNW group had a lower metabolic risk compared to that in the other groups (EFNW, NFO, and EFO). After adjusting for multiple variables, the NFO males had a significantly lower ba-PWV compared to those in the other groups, including NFNW males. The NFO group had significantly more skeletal muscle mass and muscle mass compared the other groups (P<0.05). Among women, the NFNW group had a significantly lower ba-PWV compared the other groups, even after adjusting for multiple variables. Conclusion: Lower pBF in obese men may be associated with improved cardiovascular risk.

• Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science
• /
• v.10 no.1
• /
• pp.11-18
• /
• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of the physical activity promotion program on physical function and quality of life in the elderly. Method: The research was designed with one single pre-post group. The study group of 295 elderlies were selected through the convenience sampling form in a senior citizen's center in Ulsan city. The subjects received the physical activity promotion program for 60 min three times a week for 3 months. To evaluation the effects of the physical activity promotion program, body mass index (BMI), physiological index, physical function (muscle endurance, agility, balance) and quality of life were measured at before and after the program. The data was analyzed through SPSS 10.0 program for descriptive statistics and paired t-test. Result: After performing the physical action promotion program for 3 months, the results were follows. 1) There were significantly increased in BMI (t=4.36, p=.000). 2) There were significantly decreased in diastolic pressure (t=.68, p=.009). 3) There were significantly improved in muscle endurance (t=6.50, p=.000), agility (t=4.74, p=.000) and Rt. leg balance (t=4.15, p=.000). 4) There were significantly improved in quality of life (t=7.28, p=.000). Conclusion: These findings showed that the physical activity promotion program was effective in improving physical function and quality of life in the elderly. Therefore, the physical activity promotion program could be applied as an effective nursing intervention program for the elderly to promote their health.

• Journal of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research
• /
• v.15 no.1
• /
• pp.33-37
• /
• 2015

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to report the effectiveness of Korean medicine treatment on 254 patients visited obesity clinic. Methods: Two hundred fifty-four patients, who had visited obesity clinic from May 2013 to November 2014, were analyzed by bioelectrical impedance analysis. We analyzed changes of weight, skeletal muscle mass, fat mass, body mass index (BMI) and body fat percentage after treatment, also investigated differences of weight and fat mass loss according to age, BMI and body fat percentage. Results and Conclusions: Male and female percent of the study group was 3.5% and 96.5%. All patients were constituted with 50.0% of 20~29-year-old group, 34.1% of 30~39-year-old and 15.9% of 40 and more year-old. In BMI, $21kg/m^2$, $21.0{\sim}22.9kg/m^2$, $23.0{\sim}29.9kg/m^2$, above $30kg/m^2$ were 20.5%, 30.3%, 42.1%, 7.1%, respectively. In Body fat percentage, under 25%, 25.0%~29.9%, 30.0%~34.9%, above 35% were 11.4%, 23.2%, 30.7%, 34.6%, respectively. 96.1% of patients were showed weight loss compared with baseline, the decrease of body weight was $2.96{\pm}1.86$ kg, that of BMI was $1.13{\pm}0.70kg/m^2$ and that of body fat percentage was $2.43%{\pm}2.06%$ after 1 month treatment. We observed a decline of weight and fat mass with higher BMI and body fat percentage at the baseline.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• v.57 no.1
• /
• pp.65-74
• /
• 2024

Purpose: Sodium is essentially required for homeostasis and physiological functions, but excessive sodium consumption increases the risk of obesity and other chronic disorders. Korean studies on the sodium-obesity relationship are limited, and thus, this study was undertaken to determine the nature of the relationship between sodium intake and obesity in Korean adults. Methods: Forty-two participants were divided into 2 groups according to body mass index (BMI, non-obese BMI < 25 kg/m², obese BMI ≥ 25 kg/m²). Dietary intakes and eating habits were analyzed using 3-day food records and a food frequency questionnaire. Anthropometric data were obtained from bioimpedance results, and fasting glucose and lipid levels were measured. Results: Mean weight, BMI, waist and hip circumferences, and body fat mass were greater in the obese group than in the non-obese group for men and women. Skeletal muscle mass and body fat mass were higher in obese women than in non-obese women. Biochemical data were no different in these two subgroups except triglycerides (TGs), which were higher in obese women. Nutrient intakes were not significantly different in obese and non-obese groups. However, obese men consumed excessive sodium, while obese women consumed slightly more than non-obese women. Obese men preferred salty foods and tended to overeat. Positive correlations were found between sodium intake and weight in men and percent body fat mass (PBFM) in women. Correlation analysis (adjusted for energy intake) of the relation between sodium intake and obesity-related factors showed sodium intake was positively correlated with PBFM and TG in women. Conclusion: This anthropometric and biochemical data analysis emphasizes the need for awareness and interventions to mitigate the health risks of elevated sodium consumption. Our findings should aid future studies on the relationship between sodium and obesity and contribute to preventing and managing this metabolic condition.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
• /
• v.20 no.5
• /
• pp.84-92
• /
• 2014

Present study classified body composition to 4 groups categorized as sarcopenic obesity (SO), sarcopenic nonobesity (SNO), nonsarcopenic obesity (NSO), and nonsarcopenic nonobesity (NSNO) and then was performed to investigate that body composition associated with food consumption frequency as well as MS in individual aged 60 years or older. Body mass index and an appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) divided by weight (Wt) of < 1 standard deviation (SD) below the sex-specific mean for young adults were used to define obesity and sarcopenia. A total of 1,433 subjects (658 male and 775 females) 60 years or older from the fifth Korea National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey 2010 participated in this study. One of the interesting findings was that the association of the prevalence of MS with body composition was higher in women than man. Other finding was that there were different food frequency and food preference according to 4 different groups between men and women. In addition, men are much more influenced by food than women. In conclusion, body composition changes were more related with food frequency in elderly men (60 years or older) than women. Women had a higher prevalence of MS than men, suggesting early nutritional intervention in elderly women may help them prevent body composition changes.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• v.27 no.10
• /
• pp.1058-1069
• /
• 1994

This study was performed to study the effects of dietary factors on breast and cervical cancer incidence in female Koreans. The subjects were 60 breast and 109 cervical cancer patients recruited from five general hospitals in Seoul. Food intake, anthropometric measurement, and blood compositions were studied through personal interview and using medical records, from August 1991 to September 1992. Body weight, body mass index, triceps skinfold thickness and body muscle mass were at upper limit of normal value, which suggest that these patients had a tendency of overweight. The levels of hemoglobin and hematocrit of the patients were below the normal values. The values of serum protein, albumin, and calcium were in the normal range but close to the lower bound. Therefore the nutritional status assessed by blood composition seems to be marginal. The results of diet history showed that most of the nutrient intake of the subjects met with RDA. The fat intake were 22.9-36.9g/day which supplies about 15-16% of total calories. The results of this study do not agree with those reports of western societies which showed the positive correlation between calorie and fat intake and the incidence of breast and cervical cancer. Even through the calories and fat intake of the subjects were not high, it was higher than national average, especially in breast cancer patients. From this study, dietary factors does not seem to be a major risk factor in cancer incidence in Korea. However, the tendency of the increasing consumption of fat could be a contributing risk factor together with overweight.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
• /
• v.23 no.4
• /
• pp.257-269
• /
• 1990

We designed this study to compare the total body fat content and its distribution of diabetics with those of normal subjects. Skinfold thicknesses at eight sites(subscapular, subcostal, abdomen, suprailiac, triceps, forearm, thigh and calf) and body circumferences at five sites(waist, hip, arm, thigh and calf) were measured on 220 diabetics(82 male, 138 female) and on 160 nondiabetic subjects(male 57, female 103). We matched 92 pairs with diabetics and nondiabetic control subjects by sex, age, body weight and height, and made comparisons between two groups(case-control study). The results were as follows: 1) There was no significant difference in total body fat content of diabetics and control (male ; 20.40$\pm$2.12%, 19.20$\pm$3.52%, female ; 26.46$\pm$2.53%, 27.01$\pm$2.92%, respectively). However, body muscle mass(%) in diabetic men(33.37$\pm$4.19%) was significantly lower than in nondiabetic men(38.16$\pm$7.11%). 2) Diabetics, especially women, were characterized by more central body fat than control. That is, indices of centrality of body fat distribution(subscapular/triceps skinfold : STR, central/peripheral fat : CPR) of diabetics were higher than those of control. 3) Body weight, body mass index and %IBW(current body weight$\times$100/ideal body weight) had negative correlations with duration of diabetes(r=-0.23~-0.33), but total body fat content(%) and indices of body fat distribution, such as STR, CPR, waist/hip girth ratio(WHR), and waist/thigh girth ratio(WTR), were not related to duration of diabetes.