• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 제어로봇시스템학회 1997년도 한국자동제어학술회의논문집; 한국전력공사 서울연수원; 17-18 Oct. 1997
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• pp.1635-1638
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• 1997

A measurement of conduction veloctiy of the action potentials along the muscle fibres has been applied to various diagnosis. When we measure muscle fiber conduction velocity, it occurs that not only change of conduction velocity but alos inclusion of mipulse component by physiological and experimental reason. So, robuster time delay estimation algorithm than general methods[1] is needed to find correct time delay form these signals. In this paper we, propose new time delay estimation algorithms, robust in impulsive noise, by using characteristic of .alpha.-stable distribution whcih defines impulsive noise well. Then we apply proposed algorthms to measure muscle fiber conduction velocity and compare them with other studies.

• 대한임상전기생리학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.23-29
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• 2010

Purpose : This study is to offer clinical primary data that examines the change of imaging structure and the quantitative evaluation of muscle activity on myofascial trigger points. This study examines neuromuscular physiological characteristic by comparing the differences in physical findings, pressure pain threshold, imaging, and electrophysiological characteristics in latent and active myofascial trigger points muscle and normal muscle through the following experimental procedures. Methods : The participants for the study were thirty-three adults in their twenties. We divided three groups into normal, latent and active myofascial trigger points groups by physical findings. We analyzed the results of measured pressure pain, threshold for pain, ultrasound imaging perform for structure characteristic of muscle, surface EMG according to type of muscle contraction for function of muscle contraction. Results : Significant differences were indicated in pressure pain threshold (p<0.05). Significant differences were discovered in the ultrasound imaging analysis. There were increases in muscle Echogenicity white area index (p<0.001). There were significant differences that decrease in %MVIC (p<0.05), increase in MDF (p<0.05). Conclusion : From these results, active rnyotascial trigger points muscle showed quality deterioration on ultrasound imaging and decreased function of muscle contraction, increased motor unit action potential of II type fiber, and electrophysiologically. Imaging structure and neuromuscular physiological characteristic can be diagnostic and quantitative analytical techniques for myofascial pain syndrome and a primary factor that reflected in physical therapy intervention.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제25권6호
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• pp.824-831
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• 2012

The objective was to compare meat quality, muscle fiber characteristics, lipid oxidation and fatty acids of Limousin (LIM), Simmtental (SIM), Luxi (LX), Qinchuan (QC) and Jinnan (JN) offered the same diet in China. After finishing, eight bulls from each breed were randomly selected for slaughter at 18.5 months old. Longissimus dorsi (ld) muscle was taken from the carcass for meat quality evaluations. Breed had little effect on most of meat and fat color parameters except for Hue and $b^*$ in which QC had lower values. LIM showed higher pH (24 h) and better water holding capacity than other breeds. LIM showed the lowest dry matter content but the highest crude protein. LX and LIM had higher percentage and density of red muscle fiber than other breeds. Lipid oxidations were significantly lower in LIM than in QC, with the LX, SIM and JN having the intermediate values. Compared to other four breeds, QC provided the highest values of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), n-6 fatty acids and n-3 fatty acids. In conclusion, LIM scored better on most of meat quality characteristics; however, local breeds such as LX and QC also had better muscle fiber characteristics and better fatty acids composition.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.475-481
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• 2019

Background: The ginsenoside Rg1 has been shown to exert various pharmacological activities with health benefits. Previously, we have reported that Rg1 promoted myogenic differentiation and myotube growth in C2C12 myoblasts. In this study, the in vivo effect of Rg1 on fiber-type composition and oxidative metabolism in skeletal muscle was examined. Methods: To examine the effect of Rg1 on skeletal muscle, 3-month-old mice were treated with Rg1 for 5 weeks. To assess muscle strength, grip strength tests were performed, and the lower hind limb muscles were harvested, followed by various detailed analysis, such as histological staining, immunoblotting, immunostaining, and real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. In addition, to verify the in vivo data, primary myoblasts isolated from mice were treated with Rg1, and the Rg1 effect on myotube growth was examined by immunoblotting and immunostaining analysis. Results: Rg1 treatment increased the expression of myosin heavy chain isoforms characteristic for both oxidative and glycolytic muscle fibers; increased myofiber sizes were accompanied by enhanced muscle strength. Rg1 treatment also enhanced oxidative muscle metabolism with elevated oxidative phosphorylation proteins. Furthermore, Rg1-treated muscles exhibited increased levels of anabolic S6 kinase signaling. Conclusion: Rg1 improves muscle functionality via enhancing muscle gene expression and oxidative muscle metabolism in mice.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제55권5호
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• pp.467-473
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• 2013

본 연구는 제주 개량 흑돼지의 육질특성 및 근섬유 특성이 국내에 도입된 다른 품종과의 차이를 확인하고자 수행되었다. 제주 개량 흑돼지는 국내에 보급된 다른 돼지 품종보다 도체중이 작고 근내지방이 적은 특징을 나타내었다. 그러나 사후 45분 및 24시간째 pH를 비롯하여 육색, 보수력 및 연도 등 육질특성에서는 다른 품종과 비슷한 수준의 결과를 나타내었다. 삼원교잡종인 LYD 품종이 비교적 등지방 두께가 얇고 근내지방 함량이 높았으며, 보수력 및 육색 등에서도 좋은 품질을 나타내었고, D의 경우도 가장 좋은 보수력과 연도를 나타내었는데 이러한 결과는 근섬유 특성에서도 확인할 수가 있었다. 한편, M 품종은 등지방 두께가 두껍고 근내지방이 적으며, 육질 특성에서도 명도 및 육즙감량이 가장 높은 값을 나타내어 가장 좋지 못한 품질을 보였다. 제주 개량 흑돼지는 재래 흑돼지가 교잡을 통해 개량된 것으로 현재 육질특성에서는 국내에 보급된 다른 품종과 비교하여 크게 나쁘지는 않으나 도체중 및 근내지방 함량 등 도체특성에 대한 개선이 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.11-20
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• 1987

우육(牛肉) 조리시(調理時) 첨가(添加)되는 향신료(香辛料) 등이 우육(牛肉)의 연화(軟化)에 미치는 영향(影響)을 알아보기 위하여 향신료(香辛料) 자체(自體)의 단백질(蛋白質) 가수분해능(加水分解能)의 유무(有無)와 이에 따른 연화효과(軟化效果)를 연육소(軟肉素) 및 연육기(軟肉器)에 의한 연육효과(軟化效果)와 비교(比較) 검토(檢討)하였다. 1. Casein을 기질(基質)로 하여 향신료(香辛料)의 단백질(蛋白質) 분해효소능(分解酵素能)의 유무(有無)를 실험(實驗)한 결과(結果), 모든 시료(試料)에서 단백질분해효소능(蛋白質分解酵素能)이 확인(確認)되었으며 각(各) 시료(試料)의 단백질(蛋白質) 분해정도(分解精度)는 마늘, 무우, 생강 그리고 양파의 순(順)으로 컸다. 2. 조직학적(組織學的) 특성검사(特性檢査)에서 연육소처리(軟肉素處理)를 한 조직(組織)은 전반적(全般的)으로 collagen 및 elastic fiber, 근계육(筋繼維) 등이 분해(分解)되는 정도(程度)가 현저(顯著)하였으며, 연육기처리(軟肉器處理) 조직(組織)은 collagen 및 elastic fiber, 근계육(筋繼維) 등이 절단(切斷)되어 조직(組織)이 붕괴(崩壞)되었다. 또한 향신료(香辛料)를 처리(處理_한 조직(組織)도 단백질(蛋白質) 가수분해효소능(加水分酵素能)에 의해 collagen, elastic fiber 및 근계육(筋繼維)가 부분적(部分的)으로 분해(分解)되었다. 3. 처리육(處理肉)의 유연성(柔軟性)에 대한 관능검사(官能檢査)의 결과(結果), F-value가 11 27로 4가지 시료(試料)사이에 1% 수준에서 유의성(有意性)이 인정(認定)되었으며, 시료간(試料間) 유의성(有意性)의 차이(差異)에 있어서 향신료처리(香卒料處理) 쇠고기는 5% 수준(水準)에서 처리(處理)하지 않은 쇠고기와의 간(間)에 유의성(有意性)이 인정(認定)되었다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제31권10호
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• pp.1565-1574
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• 2018

Objective: The aim of the present study was to identify genetic variants based on RNA-seq data, obtained via transcriptome sequencing of muscle tissue of pigs differing in muscle histological structure, and to verify the variants' effect on histological microstructure and production traits in a larger pig population. Methods: RNA-seq data was used to identify the panel of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) significantly related with percentage and diameter of each fiber type (I, IIA, IIB). Detected polymorphisms were mapped to quantitative trait loci (QTLs) regions. Next, the association study was performed on 944 animals representing five breeds (Landrace, Large White, Pietrain, Duroc, and native Puławska breed) in order to evaluate the relationship of selected SNPs and histological characteristics, meat quality and carcasses traits. Results: Mapping of detected genetic variants to QTL regions showed that chromosome 14 was the most overrepresented with the identification of four QTLs related to percentage of fiber types I and IIA. The association study performed on a 293 longissimus muscle samples confirmed a significant positive effect of transforming acidic coiled-coil-containing protein 2 (TACC2) polymorphisms on fiber diameter, while SNP within forkhead box O1 (FOXO1) locus was associated with decrease of diameter of fiber types IIA and IIB. Moreover, subsequent general linear model analysis showed significant relationship of FOXO1, delta 4-desaturase, sphingolipid 1 (DEGS1), and troponin T2 (TNNT2) genes with loin 'eye' area, FOXO1 with loin weight, as well as FOXO1 and TACC2 with lean meat percentage. Furthermore, the intramuscular fat content was positively associated (p<0.01) with occurrence of polymorphisms within DEGS1, TNNT2 genes and negatively with occurrence of TACC2 polymorphism. Conclusion: This study's results indicate that the SNP calling analysis based on RNA-seq data can be used to search candidate genes and establish the genetic basis of phenotypic traits. The presented results can be used for future studies evaluating the use of selected SNPs as genetic markers related to muscle histological profile and production traits in pig breeding.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.63-76
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• 2001

Many studies have shown that the initial median frequency (MDF) and slope correlate with the muscle fiber composition. This study tested the hypothesis that the initial MDF and slope are fixed, regardless of the interval at which data are collected. MDF data using moving fast Fourier transformation of EMG signals, following local fatigue induced by isotonic exercise, were obtained. An inverse FFT was used to eliminate noise, and characteristic decreasing regression lines were obtained. The regression analysis was done in three different periods, the first one third, first half, and full period, looking at variance in the initial MDF, slope, and fatigue index. Data from surface EMG signals during fatiguing isotonic exercise of the biceps brachii and vastus lateralis in 20 normal subjects were collected. The loads tested were 30% and 60% maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) in the biceps brachii and 40% and 80% MVC in the vastus lateralis. The rate was 25 flexions per minute. There were no significant differences in the initial MDF or slope during the early or full periods of the regression, but there was a significant difference in the fatigue index. Therefore, to observe the change in the initial MDF and slope of the MDF regression line during isotonic exercise, this study suggest that only the early interval need to be observed.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.586-590
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• 2009

철선충은 주로 사마귀와 같은 곤충에 기생하는 선충류로 사람이나 동물은 우연히 감염될 수 있는 것으로 알려져 왔다. 철선충의 생활사는 크게 곤충에 기생하는 기생생활기, 그리고 발육이 완료된 후에 숙주를 죽이고 외계로 나와 자유생활을 하는 자유생활기로 구분할 수 있다. 본 연구는 개의 구토물에서 오디흑연가시 수컷을 발견하여 이의 횡단면을 주사 및 투과 전자현미경으로 관찰한 것이다. 전자현미경하에서 표피는 4층(epicuticle, cuticle, epidermis, muscle)으로 이루어졌고, 내강에는 장, 배신경절이 발견되었다. 그러나 고환은 발견되지 않았다. 표피의 최상층에서 여러 형태의 areoles이 관찰되었으며, cuticle은 17열의 섬유로 이루어져 있었다. Epidermis는 1열로 구성되어 있었으며, muscle층은 여러 개의 근세포가 종으로 일정하게 배열되어 있었다. 그리고 내강에 배신경절이 충체의 정중앙 배측에서만 존재하는 것으로 확인되었다. 이러한 결과로 본 철선충은 기생생활기를 끝내지 못한 미성숙충으로 판단된다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.585-591
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• 2019

Objective: This study investigated carcass characteristics and meat quality of purebred Pakchong 5, crossbred pigs sired by Pakchong 5, and crossbred pigs sired by Duroc. Methods: Forty-eight pigs (average body weight of 22.25 kg) were composed of three groups as purebred Pakchong 5 (PP), Large $White{\times}Landrace$ pigs sired by Pakchong 5 (LWLRP), and Large $White{\times}Landrace$ pigs sired by Duroc (LWLRD). Each group consisted of eight gilts and eight barrows. At 109-day-raising period, pigs were slaughtered, and carcass characteristics were evaluated. Longissimus thoracis (LT) muscles from left side of carcasses were evaluated for meat quality and chemical composition. Data were analyzed using general linear model procedure, where group, sex, and their interaction were included in the model. Results: The PP had greater carcass, total lean, and ham percentages than crossbred pigs (p<0.05). LWLRP had thicker backfat and more carcass fat percentage than LWLRD (p<0.05). There were no differences (p>0.05) on cutting percentages from tender loin, loin, boston butt, and picnic shoulder among groups. The PP and LWLRP had larger loin eye area (LEA) than LWLRD (p<0.05). Gilts had more loin percentage and lower $L^*$ value than barrows (p<0.05). No meat color parameters ($L^*$, $a^*$, and $b^*$) were affected by groups (p>0.05). PP and LWLRP had larger muscle fiber diameters than LWLRD (p<0.05). However, water holding capacity, Warner-Bratzler shear force values, and chemical composition of LT were not affected by group or sex (p>0.05). Conclusion: Pakchong 5 purebred has good carcass and lean percentages. Compared to Duroc crossbred pigs, Pakchong 5 crossbreds have similar carcass and lean percentages, larger LEA, and slightly more carcass fat, with comparable meat quality and chemical composition. Pakchong 5 boars are more affordable for very small- to medium-scale pig producers.