• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.83-90
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to grasp the color situation of buildings on Urban Street, through the color image evaluation to research primary factors have an effect on color image preferences. A scope of this study is district of Sang Mu in Gwangju Metropolitan City. A method of study put out evaluation model after BIB test by photography, spot color. And performed Factorial Design, Multiple Regression Analysis through SD questionnaire. The result of this study show that color situation exceedingly used YR predominates, support, stress color, in the second place used predominate, support color is B, stress color is R. Luminosity showed middle luminosity 4.1~7.0, low freshness distribution. Color image was evaluated modern and cold image and appeared affirmative aspect clean, order, neat image and showed negative aspect stiff, flat image. And 'comfortableness', 'unification' had an effect on color image preferences The result of this study showed that color plan need to improve comfortableness, unification bring control into line color at building color image of urban street.

• Speech Sciences
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• v.2
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• pp.25-44
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• 1997

When listening the various speech synthesis systems developed and being used in our country, we find that though the quality of these systems has improved, they lack naturalness. Moreover, since the voice color of these systems are limited to only one recorded speech DB, it is necessary to record another speech DB to create different voice colors. 'Voice Color' is an abstract concept that characterizes voice personality. So speech synthesis systems need a voice color control function to create various voices. The aim of this study is to examine several factors of voice color control rules for the text-to-speech system which makes natural and various voice types for the sounding of synthetic speech. In order to find such rules from natural speech, glottal source parameters and frequency characteristics of the vocal tract for several voice colors have been studied. In this paper voice colors were catalogued as: deep, sonorous, thick, soft, harsh, high tone, shrill, and weak. For the voice source model, the LF-model was used and for the frequency characteristics of vocal tract, the formant frequencies, bandwidths, and amplitudes were used. These acoustic parameters were tested through multiple regression analysis to achieve the general relation between these parameters and voice colors.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.187-192
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• 2008

The Intelligent Space(ISpace) provides challenging research fields for surveillance, human-computer interfacing, networked camera conferencing, industrial monitoring or service and training applications. ISpace is the space where many intelligent devices, such as computers and sensors, are distributed. According to the cooperation of many intelligent devices, the environment, it is very important that the system knows the location information to offer the useful services. In order to achieve these goals, we present a method for representing, tracking and human Jollowing by fusing distributed multiple vision systems in ISpace, with application to pedestrian tracking in a crowd. This paper describes appearance based unknown object tracking with the distributed vision system in intelligent space. First, we discuss how object color information is obtained and how the color appearance based model is constructed from this data. Then, we discuss the global color model based on the local color information. The process of learning within global model and the experimental results are also presented.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.38C no.10
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• pp.881-886
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• 2013

Even though a multi-view camera system is able to capture multiple images at different viewpoints, the color distributions of captured multi-view images can be inconsistent. This problem decreases the quality of multi-view images and the performance of post-image processes. In this paper, we propose an improved polynomial model for effectively correcting the color inconsistency problem. This algorithm is fully automatic without any pre-process and considers occlusion regions of the multi-view image. We use the 5th order polynomial model to define a relative mapping curve between reference and source views. Sometimes the estimated curve is seriously distorted if the dynamic range of extracted correspondences is quite low. Therefore we additionally estimate the first order polynomial model for the bottom and top regions of the dynamic range. Afterwards, colors of the source view are modified via these models. The proposed algorithm shows the good subjective results and has better objective quality than the conventional color correction algorithms.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.12 no.9
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• pp.843-849
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• 2006

Intelligent Space defines an environment where many intelligent devices, such as computers and sensors, are distributed. As a result of the cooperation between smart devices, intelligence emerges from the environment. In such scheme, a crucial task is to obtain the global location of every device in order to of for the useful services. Some tracking systems often prepare the models of the objects in advance. It is difficult to adopt this model-based solution as the tracking system when many kinds of objects exist. In this paper the location is achieved with no prior model, using color properties as information source. Feature vectors of multiple objects using color histogram and tracking method are described. The proposed method is applied to the intelligent environment and its performance is verified by the experiments.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.59 no.6
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• pp.1136-1142
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• 2010

In this study, an efficient removal algorithm for specular reflections in a tooth color image is proposed to minimize the artefact interrupting color image segmentation. The pixel values of RGB color channels are initially reversed to emphasize the features in reflective regions, and then those regions are automatically detected by utilizing perceptron artificial neural network model and those prominent intensities are corrected by applying a smoothing spatial filter. After correcting specular reflection regions, multiple seeds in the tooth candidates are selected to find the regional minima and MCWA(Marker-Controlled Watershed Algorithm) is applied to delineate the individual tooth region in a CCD tooth color image. Therefore, the accuracy in segmentation for separating tooth regions can be drastically improved with removing specular reflections due to the illumination effect.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.147.1-147.1
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• 2012

We present empirical fiducial sequences for horizontal-branch (HB) stars in a set of bright Galactic globular clusters previously observed in SDSS (An et al. 2008). Mean loci of HB stars are derived on color-magnitude diagrams with multiple color indices (u - g, g - r, g - i, and g - z ) in order to identify foreground/background objects as well as cluster RR Lyrae variables. We compare our fiducial sequences to the model predictions from Yonsei-Yale isochrones and test the accuracy of the stellar evolution models.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.19 no.8
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• pp.1859-1866
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• 2015

This paper presents a novel makeup simulation method for powder application. We propose a color appearance model for powder coated skin that is simple but yet capable of producing realistic visual results. From the photos of several artificial skins before and after powder application, the translucency and thickness parameters are achieved by fitting the color model to the photos. Thickness patterns of powder application on actual human face skin is also extracted, and used in makeup simulations on photos of different human face to give more visually appealing results. From experiments, we found that the simulation results are quite realistic, and expect that the proposed makeup simulation can be used as a virtual coloring test in the cosmetic labs.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.369-377
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• 2012

Purpose: The aim of study was to compare the dimensional stability of digitized dental stone replica using different color of gypsum materials using a white light scanner with three-dimensional software. Methods: A master model(500B-1, Nissin dental product, Japan) with the prepared lower full arch tooth was used. Several type IV stones(white, yellow, green) were used for 30 stone casts(10 casts each) duplicated a master model of mandible. The master model and the replicas were digitized with the non-contacting white light scanner to create 3-dimensional digital models. The linear distance between the reference points were measured and analyzed on the Delcam Copycad$^{(R)}$(Delcam plc, UK) 3D graphic software. One-way analysis of variance(ANOVA) combined with a Tukey multiple-range test were used to analysis the data(${\alpha}$=0.05). Results: There were considerable differences in mean values between gypsum materials within each color(white, yellow, green), and this difference was statistically significant, p=0.001. Conclusion: Digitization of dental materials on optical scanner was affected by color. Three different color of gypsum materials showed clinically acceptable accuracies of full arch digital model produced by them. Besides, these results will have to be confirmed in further clinical studies.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.15 no.12
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• pp.27-35
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• 2010

Extracting skin color is significant in adult image detection. However, conventional methods still have essential problems in extracting skin color. That is, colors of human skins are basically not the same because of individual skin difference or difference races. Moreover, skin regions of images may not have identical color due to makeup, different cameras used, etc. Therefore, most of the existing methods use predefined skin color models. To resolve these problems, in this paper, we propose a new adult image detection method that robustly segments skin areas with an input image-adapted skin color distribution model, and verifies if the segmented skin regions contain naked bodies by fusing several representative features through a neural network scheme. Experimental results show that our method outperforms others through various experiments. We expect that the suggested method will be useful in many applications such as face detection and objectionable image filtering.