• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2005

The study shows the possible use of the index flood frequency curves for an estimation of flood quantiles at ungauged locations. Flood frequency analysis were made for the annual maximum flood data series at 9 available stations in the Han river basin. From the flood frquency curve at each station the mean annual flood of 2.33-year return period was determined and the ratios of the flood magnitude of various return period to the mean annual flood at each station were averaged throughout the Han river basin, resulting mean flood ratios of different return periods. A correlation analysis was made between the mean annual flood and physiographic parameters of the watersheds i.e, the watershed area and mean river channel slope, resulting an empirical multiple linear regression equation over the whole Han river basin. For unguaged watershed the flood of a specified return period could be estimated by multiplying the mead flood ratio corresponding the return period with the mean annual flood computed by the empirical formula developed in terms of the watershed area and river channel slope. To verify the applicability of the methodology developed in the present study the floods of various return periods determined for the watershed in the river channel improvement plan formulation by the Ministry of Construction and Transportation(MOCT) were compared with those estimated by the present method. The result proved a resonable agreement up to the watershed area of approximately 2,000k $m^2$. It is suggested that the practice of design flood estimation based on the rainfall-runoff analysis might have to be reevaluated because it involves too much uncertainties in the hydrologic data and rainfall-runoff model calibration.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.409-414
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• 2011

This study was conducted to find out an alternative way of rapid and accurate analysis of forage quality. Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy (NIRS) was used to evaluate the possibility of forage analysis. 175 samples consisted of Italian ryegrass, whole crop barley and pea seeded spring in 2009 were collected. The samples were analyzed for moisture, crude protein (CP), crude ash (CA), acid detergent fiber (ADF), and neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and also scanned using NIRSystem with wavelength from 400~2,500 nm. Multiple linear regression was used with wet analysis data for developing the calibration model and validated unknown samples. The important index in this experiment were SEC, SEP. The r2 value for moisture, CP, CA, ADF, and NDF in calibration set was 0.65, 0.97, 0.93, 0.99, and 0.97 and also was 0.15, 0.94, 0.96, 0.98 and 0.98 in validation set, respectively. The results of this experiment indicates that NIRS was reliable analytical method to assess forage quality for CP, CA ADF and NDF except moisture content in forage when proper samples incorporated into the equation development.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.3353-3360
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• 2015

This study was conducted to identify the BMI of enlisted soldiers, to understand the difference between their BMI and that of other men in their age group, and to identify the influence factors of enlisted soldiers' BMI change. The survey has been conducted self-evaluation questionnaire from 23 Feb. 2009 to 31 Mar. 2009 from 4 different forces as methods. Independent-sample T-test, chi-square test and multiple linear regression analysis were used for statistical analysis from 301 collected data. As a result of surveying enlisted soldiers' BMI, their obesity rate 18.6% was lower than 22.1% of other men in their age group. In terms of health behavior, the underweight&normal weight group(2.39) showed higher diet score than the overweight group(2.13), showing that the underweight&normal weight group ate relatively slowly, less spicy and less sweet food compared to the overweight group. The overweight group(2.25) showed lower satisfaction with their body type than the underweight&normal weight group(2.98), while the overweight group(4.01) showed a significantly higher score than the underweight&normal weight group(3.37) for weight control activity. The influence factors of BMI change were diet habit, subjective perception of body type, and weight control activity. In order to improve of enlisted soldiers' BMI, it would be necessary to improve the food service and the snack bars for interventional control of food that influence obesity, rather than personal effort, in addition, education for right body-shape perception and encouraging on weight control activity.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.1180-1190
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• 2013

This study is to analyze femoral necks and lumbar spine bone mineral density in Korean men aged 60 or older 2,736 people, as well as to research in its relation to anthropometry, life style, diet, fracture history, family history of osteoporosis and medical history using data from Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES)(the 2nd(2008) and 3rd(2009) year at the 1st survey, and the 1st(2010) year at the 5th survey). To express the strength of the associations, percent differences were calculated from multiple linear regression models using the formula ${\beta}{\times}$(unit/mesnBMD). Unit for continuous variables were chosen to approximate 1 standard deviation(SD). Prevalence of osteoporosis for 60-69, 70-79 and >80 old men were 6.7%, 15.8% and 31.4% respectively. The proportion of osteoporosis calculated for each age group in the femoral neck group was: 60-69 years old, 2.6%, 70-79years old, 8.2%, >80years old, 24.8%. For the lumbar spine group, the values were: 60-69 years old, 5.5%, 70-79years old, 11.3%, >80years old, 15.4%. In men aged 60 or older, lean mass greatly influenced bone density in the femoral neck and lumbar spine. Thus, to increase the lean mass would be an effective way to prevent osteoporosis in elderly men.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.302-308
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• 2006

Objectives: This study aims to examine if a garbage dumping site has real and negative influence on the quality of life (QOL) for the nearby residents. The net effects of the residential distance from the garbage dumping site and from the garbage truck route were investigated for five domains of the QOL. Methods: Two hundred fifty seven Shin-dong Myeon residents, Chun-cheon Si, participated in a self-administrated survey. The Shin-dong Myeon garbage dumping site began operating in 1996. ANCOV A with generalized linear models and multiple regression analysis were performed. Results: Descriptive analyses show that a residence nearby a garbage dumping site is negatively associated with the physical and environmental domains of the QOL. The residential distance from the garbage truck route does not exert any significant effect on various domains of QOL, except for the environmental domain. On the multivariate analysis, the residents living near the garbage dumping site tended to have a significantly negative QOL in the physical and environmental domains. However, the distance from the garbage truck route did not show a significant nor substantial effect on the QOL. The demographic and socioeconomic control variables are associated with a number of the QOL domains, and their patterns are consistent with the general expectations. Conclusions: The results indicated that a garbage dumping site is considered to be an environmental hazard among the nearby residents according to the lower scores on the physical and environmental domains of the QOL. The findings from this study provide comprehensive understanding on the residents' QOL, and they may help politicians and policy makers make decisions for appropriate interventions.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.177-184
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• 2007

Objectives : This study was conducted to investigate the levels of psychosocial stress, job stress and their related factors among medical doctors practicing at local clinics. Methods : A survey using a self administered questionnaire was administered to 1,456 doctors practicing at private clinics via post for 2 months (2006. 1 - 2006. 3). Psychosocial stress, job stress, demographic factors, job related factors and health related behaviors were investigated. Among the eligible study population, the respondents were 428 doctors (29.4%). Results : The average scores of psychosocial stress and job stress were 2.19 and 3.13, respectively. The levels of psychosocial stress and job stress were statistically lower in older respondents, those who worked shorter or who were more satisfied with their job, and those with higher socioeconomic status. The level of psychosocial stress was related with smoking status, drinking status and exercise. The level of job stress was related with smoking status and exercise. In multiple linear regression analysis using psychosocial stress as a dependent variable, age, working hours per day, job satisfaction and perception on socioeconomic status were significant independent variables. In analysis using job stress as a dependent variable, age, working hours per day and job satisfaction were significant independent variables. Conclusions : Stress affects the doctor-patient relationship, productivity and overall health level of people. Therefore, it is important to manage and relieve the stress of doctors. It is suggested that more advanced studies on stress level and related factors and ways to improve the stress and health related behaviors of medical doctors should be conducted.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.10
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• pp.253-260
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• 2016

This study was conducted to examine the effect of self-leadership and resilience on the college adjustment of nursing students. The data were collected from May 20 to June 10, 2016, by questionnaire from 232 nursing students. The instruments for this study were self-leadership, resilience, and college adjustment. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and multiple linear regression with the SPSS/WIN 18.0 program. According to the results, the general characteristics of the nursing students having a significant effect on their college adjustment were the school year (F=4.952, p=.002) and major satisfaction (F=13.052, p<.001). The correlations among self-leadership, resilience, and college adjustment were significant. The significant factors influencing their college adjustment were their positive tendencies (${\beta}=0.494$, p<.001) of resilience, behavior-focused strategies (${\beta}=-0.247$, p<.001) and natural reward strategies (${\beta}=0.168$, p=.015) of self-leadership. In conclusion, attention should be paid to such actions as regular consultations to improve the major satisfaction of nursing students and it is necessary to develop a program that increases their positive tendencies, behavior-focused strategies, and natural reward strategies. Thus, it is necessary to provide support so that nursing students can continue their university life and be able to grow as healthy adults.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.511-516
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• 2015

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: This study aims to determine contribution of meal frequency, self-efficacy for healthy eating, and availability of healthy foods towards diet quality of adolescents in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. SUBJECTS/METHODS: This study was conducted among 373 adolescents aged from 13 to 16 years old. Diet quality of the respondents was assessed using the Healthy Eating Index for Malaysians. Meal frequency, self-efficacy for healthy eating, and availability of healthy foods were assessed through the Eating Behaviours Questionnaire (EBQ), self-efficacy for healthy eating scale, and availability of healthy foods scale, respectively. RESULTS: The majority of the respondents (80.7%) were at risk of poor diet quality. Males ($mean=34.2{\pm}8.2%$) had poorer diet quality than females ($mean=39.9{\pm}9.0%$) (t = -5.941, P < 0.05). Malay respondents ($mean=36.9{\pm}8.7%$) had poorer diet quality than Indian respondents ($mean=41.3{\pm}10.0%$) (F = 2.762, P < 0.05). Age (r = 0.123, P < 0.05), self-efficacy for healthy eating (r = 0.129, P < 0.05), and availability of healthy foods (r = 0.159, P < 0.05) were positively correlated with the diet quality of the respondents. However, meal frequency was not correlated with the diet quality of the respondents. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that being a male, being a Malay, low self-efficacy for healthy eating, and low availability of healthy foods contributed significantly towards poor diet quality among respondents. CONCLUSIONS: In short, sex, ethnicity, self-efficacy for healthy eating, and availability of healthy foods were associated with diet quality among adolescents. Health practitioners should take into consideration of differences in sex and ethnicity during implementation of nutrition-related intervention programs. Self-efficacy for healthy eating and availability of healthy foods should be included as important components in improving diet quality of adolescents.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.736-745
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to find out factors that affect subjective well-being among dental hygienists. The questionnaires were consisted of 7 categories: general characteristics, job characteristic, job satisfaction, job identity, job commitment, Leisure satisfaction and subjective well-being. T-test, ANOVA, multiple linear regression were applied in this analysis. The results are as follows: Job satisfaction, job identity, job commitment and leisure satisfaction had significant influence on positive experience index (p<0.05). Leisure satisfaction was the most significant factor and it positively influences the positive experience index. In order to increase the subjective well-being among dental hygienists, plans that can increase the job satisfaction, job identity, job commitment and leisure satisfaction should be implemented by improving job-related factors.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.721-727
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of stress on the habits of temporomandibular disorder in college students. The subjects in this study were 396 male and female students who were in their first to fourth years at five different colleges located in Jeollabuk-do. The findings of the study were as follows: As for the degree of bad oral habits, "sleeping on one side" was the most common bad oral habit, followed by "enjoying caffeinated beverages," "resting the chin on the hand or a thing" and "chewing food in one side of the mouth only." As a result of analyzing their stress by general characteristics including gender, there were significant differences according to gender in stress about school life problems, one's own problems and economic difficulties, and only stress about one's own problems statistically significantly varied with academic year. When the correlation of the factors was analyzed, perceived stress about school life problems and one's own problems had a significant positive correlation with bad oral habit scores. When a multiple linear regression analysis was made to determine the influence of general characteristics and perceived stress on bad oral habit scores, gender, academic year, self-rated oral health status, stress about school life problems and stress about one's own problems were identified as significant variables. The findings of the study illustrated that there was an organic relationship between the bad oral habits and stress of the college students.