• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.242-252
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• 2013

Although many researchers and practitioners are in agreement about the potential applicability and benefit of BIM in construction, it is still unclear why BIM is adopted, and what factors enhance the adoption and implementation of BIM. As such, the mechanism of BIM acceptance and use remains in question. Therefore, this paper aims to identify the key factors affecting the acceptance of BIM in construction organizations, and to analyze the effect of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation factors on BIM acceptance. The key factors in BIM acceptance are identified through a literature review in TAM (Davis 1989) and related theories, and consolidated by interviews and pilot studies with professionals in the construction industry. Based on the factors, a questionnaire was designed and sent out to a total of 114 construction organizations in Korea, such as contractors, architects, and engineers. Using SPSS 12.0, the data was analyzed to determine the relationship between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation factors and BIM acceptance through multiple regression analysis. These findings will clarify what the highly prioritized factors are, and can also be used in an assessment tool for the performance of BIM utilization.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.85-98
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• 2014

Purpose - This study primarily aims to represent the current trend of research on CPFR as a promising supply chain collaboration program and proposes a new framework for analyzing any collaboration programs in terms of three key collaborative features. Research design, data, and methodology - This study employs a literature review of selected studies that conduct research on CPFR. CPFR is analyzed based on the proposed framework that characterizes collaboration programs in terms of three key collaborative features. Results - The analysis based on the proposed framework reveals that the current form of CPFR continues to have some collaborative features that are not fully utilized to create an advanced collaboration program. The literature review indicates that most past studies ignore critical issues including the dynamic nature of the multiple-stage supply chain system and negotiation process for collaborative agreement in CPFR implementation. Conclusions - Results indicate that CPFR can become a better supply chain collaboration program by incorporating coordinative cost payment and joint decision making processes. Based on observations on the existing literature of CPFR, this study indicates several important issues to be addressed by future studies.

• IMMUNE NETWORK
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.41-47
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• 2012

Contemporary studies illustrate that peripheral injuries activate glial components of the peripheral and central cellular circuitry. The subsequent release of glial stressors or activating signals contributes to neuropathic pain and neuroinflammation. Recent studies document the importance of glia in the development and persistence of neuropathic pain and neuroinflammation as a connecting link, thereby focusing attention on the glial pathology as the general underlying factor in essentially all age-related neurodegenerative diseases. There is wide agreement that excessive glial activation is a key process in nervous system disorders involving the release of strong pro-inflammatory cytokines, which can trigger worsening of multiple disease states. This review will briefly discuss the recent findings that have shed light on the molecular and cellular mechanisms of glia as a connecting link between neuropathic pain and neuroinflammation.

• Applied Science and Convergence Technology
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.103-112
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• 2014

The Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS) has three major vacuum systems: an ultrasonic interferometer manometer (UIM; Section II, Figs. 1 and 2) for a low vacuum, a static expansion system (SES; Section III, Figs. 3 and 4) for a medium vacuum, and an orifice-type dynamic expansion system (DES, Section IV, Figs. 5 and 6) for high and ultra-high vacuum systems. For each system, explicit measurement model equations with multiple variables are given. According to ISO standards, all of these system variable errors were used to calculate the expanded uncertainty (U). For each system, the expanded uncertainties (k = 1, confidence level = 95%) and relative expanded uncertainty (expanded uncertainty/generated pressure) levels are summarized in Table 4. Within the uncertainty limits, our bilateral and key comparisons [CCM.P-K4 (10 Pa to 1 kPa)] are extensive and in good agreement with those of other nations (Fig. 8 and Table 5).

• Proceedings of the Korean Operations and Management Science Society Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.312-319
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• 2003

In late 90s, organizations recognized the information technology as an key enabler of the business strategic accomplishment which lead them heavy increment on IT investment. These organizations tried to hold the competitive advantage by focusing on their core competency. And these acts raise their interests on IT outsourcing. Recent trends of the organizations concern on evaluating the effectiveness of the previous IT investment and the reasonable selection on IT investment type. Also, the objective evaluation of the service level and continuous improvement are major concern of the outsourcer. Consequently, interests on Service Level Agreement (SLA), an immanence operating tool for managing the level of the information system service objectively and qualitatively, were raised among IT outsourcing service providers, outsourcers, and operating departments. Yet, only a few domestic conglomerates adopted the SLA, and exact usage of the SLA is currently unknown. Because of the importance of the SLA between a service provider and an outsourcer, the agreement is treated with high confidentiality. This raised the problems to both the private and public organizations, are considering the SLA, with absence of concrete guide line to internalize SLA management process. This study provides the organizational and environmental factors of the adopting and applying the Service Level Agreement (SLA) by conducting multiple case research. The sampled companies are currently implementing the SLA over 1 year of usage period. Factors were used to provide the operational contribution for implementing the SLA. The study also provides the effects on IT performance through the SLA. For this, in depth interview was conducted for each sampled company. As a result, if SLA between outsourcer and service provider can be used as an immanence operation tool and actively implemented, SLA will be an strategic tool for various decision making in IT management practice with long term relationship, better shared partnership, and continuous service improvement.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.581-591
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• 2023

Domestic processed food exports might increase due to the free trade agreement (FTA) and spread of the Korean Wave, Hallyu. However, the share of the domestic raw materials in the domestic processed food industry is very low at 31.4%, which limits the spillover effect on domestic agriculture. Therefore, we selected frozen dumplings as a representative processed food whose exports are growing rapidly and conducted a multiple regression analysis to examine the effects of Hallyu and FTA variables on the frozen dumpling exports. We tried to link them to an increase in agricultural income through the expansion of demand for the domestic raw materials. This study analyzed tariff indicator as the FTA variable, cosmetics export value indicator as the Hallyu Wave variable, and other variables expected to change the trade environment such as gross domestic product (GDP) and the relative exchange rate by country as the key explanatory variables that affect changes in the trade environment. The analysis showed that the core hypothesis, the Hallyu variable and the FTA variable, have a positive impact on frozen dumpling exports. Frozen dumpling exports are expected to increase as the FTAs and the spread of Hallyu are expected to continue for the foreseeable future. Therefore, we should seek ways to increase the proportion of domestically produced ingredients in the frozen dumplings to spread the economic impact to domestic agriculture. We reviewed previous studies and determined, the price-related factors play a major role in the use of imported ingredients, and that price stability and competitiveness are essential to increase the share of the domestically produced ingredients. Based on these conclusions, we reviewed the current status of food industry-related policies and determined measures needed to expand the use of domestically produced ingredients.

• International Journal of Fluid Machinery and Systems
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.113-123
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• 2015

The efficiency of the ventilation system is a key point for durable and reliable electric generators. The design of such system requires a detailed understanding of the air flow in the generator. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) has the potential to resolve the lack of information in this field. The present work analyses the air flow inside a generator model. The model is designed using a CFD-based approach, and manufactured by taking into consideration the experimental and numerical requirements and limitations. The emphasis is on the possibility to accurately predict and experimentally measure the flow distribution inside the stator channels. A major part of the work is focused on the design of an intake and a fan that gives an evenly distributed flow with a high flow rate. The intake also serves as an accurate flowmeter. Experimental results are presented, of the total volume flow rate, the total pressure and velocity distributions. Steady-state CFD simulations are performed using the FOAM-extend CFD toolbox. The simulations are based on the multiple rotating reference frames method. The results from the frozen rotor and mixing plane rotor-stator coupling approaches are compared. It is shown that the fan design provides a sufficient flow rate for the stator channels, which is not the case without the fan or with a previous fan design. The detailed experimental and numerical results show an excellent agreement, proving that the results reliable.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.17-25
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• 2021

Background: This study aims to report how the practice of plastic surgeons and their attitude was during the first measure period of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Methods: A survey study was held among members of the Indonesian Association of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgeons during week 5 after the first report of COVID-19. A 10 multiple-choice questions (MCQs) and 1 essay covered key questions on the area of surgery and operating room, clinics, internal meeting, and consultation. The only open-ended question relates to the last MCQ addresses a future "flipped" medical practice. Results: Response rate was 45.6% among 228 members, with 89.4% did no practice or limited their service to emergency and urgent cases only. Only 1.9% kept their official meeting as usual, while the majority modified it. The practice in the operating theatre and clinic were also altered to comply with the measures; with 21.2% from the total respondents only allowed patients with exposure to come for visit after taking 14 days of self-quarantine. Teleconsultation was practiced by 50% of the respondents, while 41.3% agreed and 10.6% disagreed upon the future "flipped" medical practice. Conclusion: In general plastic surgeons have made supportive actions during the pandemic. Surgery was performed with all precautions at the utmost as a reflection of high alert of viral infection. Teleconsultation has been embraced via existing social media. Agreement upon the future "flipped" medical practice is reasonable. All in all, the actions were considered as most relevant.

• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.13-24
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• 2022

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to investigate key factors that affect customer dissatisfaction on public transportation system by highlighting the necessity of citizen participation and improved management of advanced technology for sustainability. Research questions applied in this study include following; i) how are factors on dissatisfaction related to types of transportation modes; ii) how do perceived proposed factors affect citizen dissatisfaction; iii) how do the improvement of public transportation service affect the level of expected satisfaction; and iv) how do expected satisfaction affect policy agreement and government trust. Research design, data and methodology: For qualitative research, civil opinions were collected and chi-square analysis was applied using keywords. For quantitative research, online survey was collected and factor and multiple regression analyses were applied. 3) Results: This study found that efficiency of operation system and safety on dissatisfaction showed significant in all three public transportation modes. This study found that perception of government policy and trust on government will increase as expected satisfaction increases. Conclusions: This study provides managerial and policy implications on society and policy makers by addressing necessity of improving strategies for public transportation system with the consideration of citizen relationship management and sustainable development.

• Annual Conference of KIPS
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.1068-1071
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• 2007

무선 애드 혹 네트워크의 사용이 증가함에 따라 네트워크의 보안 또한 매우 중요하게 인식되어 지는 추세이지만, 현재 무선 애드 혹 네트워크의 보안성 표준안에 대한 정의가 미흡한 상황이다. 현재까지 많은 연구를 통해 제안된 키 관리 프로토콜은 오직 특정 상황에만 적용 가능한 단점을 가지고 있다. 2005년 무선 애드 혹 네트워크에서 안전한 그룹 통신을 위한 새로운 키 합의 프로토콜인 CRTDH 프로토콜이 제안되었다[1]. 이 프로토콜은 효율적으로 그룹 키를 계산할 수 있고, 멤버들의 높은 이동성을 지원한다. 하지만 그룹 키 설정 과정에서 공격자가 송신자와 수신자 사이에서 전달되는 메시지를 위조 할 수 있고, 키의 재설정 과정에서 그룹이 변경 되어도 이전 그룹 키와 동일하게 계산 될 수 있다. 즉 중간자(Man-in-the-middle) 공격과 LCM(Least Common Multiple) 공격에 취약하다. 본 논문에서는 두 가지 공격에 대한 해결책을 제시하여 보안성이 강화된 그룹 키 합의 프로토콜을 제안한다.