Purpose: This study verified the influence of teachers' job characteristics on empowerment and job performance, and the mediating effect of empowerment in the relationship between job characteristics factors and job performance. Research design, data, and methodology: As a factor influencing human resources that influence organizational success or failure, job characteristics induce an important psychological state in organizational members, which affects individual motivation and job satisfaction, thereby achieving the goal of securing stable management and job security. In this study, a questionnaire survey of private academy instructors was conducted and reliability and factor analysis, and multiple regression analysis were used. Results: The purpose of this study was to understand the effect of the job characteristics of academy instructors on empowerment and job performance, and to verify whether empowerment plays a mediating role in the relationship between job characteristics and job performance. Conclusions: As a result of verifying Hypothesis 1, the educational environment, expertise, and social support of academy instructors all had a significant positive (+) effect on job performance. As a result of the verification of Hypothesis 2, empowerment greatly mediated the relationship between the educational environment, expertise, and job performance. However, empowerment did not mediate the relationship between social support for academy instructors and job performance.
Purpose - This study analyzed the effect of the Trump Government's protectionist trade policies on foreign ownership. Specifically, this study empirically analyzes the hypothesis that foreign ownership will decrease after the Trump Government rather than before the Trump Government. Design/methodology - The hypothesis of this study is based on the expectation that US protection trade policy will negatively affect the profitability of Korean companies. The dependent variable in this study is the foreign ownership ratio, and the independent variable is a dummy variable representing before and after the Trump Government. Multiple regression analysis was performed, including the control variables suggested in previous studies related to foreign ownership. Findings - As a result, foreign ownership increased after the Trump Government rather than before the Trump Government. This study further analyzes whether the main variables affecting foreign investor's decision-making are differences before and after Trump Government. The export ratio, profitability and dividends did not differ before and after Trump Government. However, the level of information asymmetry decreased after the Trump Government than before the Trump Government. This suggests that US protection trade policies do not adversely affect the profitability of Korean companies. However, Korean firms are improving their information environment because US protectionist trade policies can lower profitability and negatively impact capital raising. In this regard, the foreign ownership ratio seems to differ before and after the Trump Government. Originality/value - This study contributes in that it presents data that US protectionist policies can affect Korean corporate governance. This study has implications from the short-term analysis of US protection trade policy.
Objectives In regard to the social competition hypothesis, depression is viewed as an involuntary defeat strategy. A previous study has demonstrated that adaptation in microenvironments can result in a wide range of behavioural patterns including defense activation disorders. Using a simulation model with evolutionary ecological agents, we explore how the fitness of various defence activation traits has changed over time in different environments with high and low social mobility. Methods The Evolutionary Ecological Model of Defence Activation Disorder, which is based on the Marginal Value Theorem, was used to examine changes in relative fitness for individuals with defensive activation disorders after adjusting for social mobility. Results Our study examined the effects of social mobility on fitness by varying the d-values, a measure of depression in the model. With a decline in social mobility, the level of fitness of individuals with high levels of defense activation decreased. We gained insight into the evolutionary influence of varying levels of social mobility on individuals' degrees of depression. In the context of a highly stratified society, the results support a mismatch hypothesis which states that high levels of defence are detrimental. Conclusions Despite the fact that niche specialization in habitats composed of multiple microenvironments can result in diverse levels of defensive activation being evolutionary strategies for stability, decreased social mobility may lead to a decrease in fitness of individuals with highly activated defence modules. There may be a reason behind the epidemic of depression in modern society.
Purpose - This study's purpose is to analyze which factors are more important to strengthening the competitiveness of global innovative companies by firstly sampling global 40 enterprises, secondly investigating of study models empirically, thirdly finding out significant implications through research, and finally using this result to help improve global companies' competitive edges. Design/methodology - Developing three research models of hypothesis and using 5 variables such as technology innovation, knowledge management, human resource development, sustainable management, and corporate life, this study was empirically carried out by reliability and validity testing, correlation analysis of variables, and multiple regression analysis of three research models. Findings - Through proceeding empirical analysis study, we found out that technology innovation and sustainable management had a significant impact on strengthening competitiveness through the hypothesis test. Those two factors had positive results and a synergy effect through correlation analysis along with process change and human resource development, which are also important areas in global innovative companies. Originality/value - In line with the fourth industrial revolution era's acceleration and COVID-19's large impact on all industries, global companies are newly developing their business models to cope with external environment change. This study's results would be meaningful for global enterprises and domestic companies to improve their overall competitive edge by reinforcing their innovation strategy, preparing next growth engines, diversifying business portfolios, and setting business milestones.
This study was a clinical Quasi-experiment to examine the effects of the range of motion exercise on powerlessness and life satisfaction among the E-Institutionalized elderly in Pusan. The purpose was to test the effect of the range of motion exercises on powerlessness and life satis-faction, and to examine the correlation between powerlessness and life satisfaction. The subjects for this study were 54 elderly people, both were over 60 and residing at I-Institution in Pusan. The research samples of 54 elderly were divided into an experimental and control group by matching randomized assignment. The instruments for this study were the Assessment Tool of Powerlessness in the elderly developed by Miller, Life satisfaction developed by Yoon Jin, and the Active-Passive Range of Motion Exercise Program which was developed and utilized by Shin, Jae-Shin. The data were collected from December 15, 1990 to November 1991. The paired t-test, t-test and ANCOVA were used to test hypothesis I and II, related to the Effect of the Range of Motion Exercises to powerlessness and life satisfaction. To identify the relationship of the range of motion exercises to powerlessness and life satisfaction, path analysis was done through multiple regression. The interrelationship of the variables was analyzed using t-test paired t-test. The results of the three hypothesis can be summarized as follows : 1. Hypothesis I -the experimental group which participated in the Range of Motion Exercise gets lower powerlessness score than that of the control group-was accepted by t-test (t = -3.40, p = .001) but not accepted by ANCOVA (F = .1, p =.96). 2. Hypothesis II - the experimental group which participated in the Range of Motion Exercise gets a higher Life Satisfaction Score than that of the control group-was not supported by t-test(t = 1.01, p = .316) but was accepted by ANCOVA (F = 4.39, p = .006). 3. Hypothesis III - if the powerlessness Score becomes higher, the Life Satisfaction Score will be-come lower - was accepted by Pearson Correlation Coefficient (pre-exercise : r : -.34, p=.006), (post exercise : r = -.06, p=.32) . The relation-ship between the score of powerlessness and life satisfaction was negatively correlated. The results obtained clearly showed that the effects of the range of motion exercises on powerlessness and life satisfaction are beneficial to the elderly The relation between the scores of powerlessness and life satisfaction was negatively correlated and the range of motion exercise had a direct influence to powerlessness. Therefore, it is concluded that the relationship between powerlessness and life satis-faction was not a causal one. Also it is concluded that the range of motion exercises can be applied as a nursing intervention to reduce powerlessness and to improve life satisfaction in the elderly.
This study aims to analyze how the perception of a food purchasing system affects non-financial performance and job satisfaction among the kitchen employees of contract foodservice companies in Taegu Gyeongbuk area. By a convenience method, 197 copies(85%) out of 230 copies of the questionnaire were used for analysis. For data processing, the SPSS WIN Version 14.0 statistical package program was used and the frequency analysis reliability analysis, factor analysis were conducted so the hypothesis was verified through the multiple regression analysis. The results are as follows: First, the perception of a food purchasing system affected job satisfaction as a whole, which was significant in food ingredients management factors of sub-hypothesis1-2. Second, the perception of a food purchasing system affected non-financial management performance, which was significant in food ingredients management factors of sub-hypothesis2-2, and food ingredients supply and demand factors of sub-hypothesis2-3. Third, job satisfaction affected non-financial management performance of a company as suggested by hypothesis 3. From these results, it was found that kitchen employees' perception of a food purchasing system can induce their positive attitude, which exerts positive effects on business performance.
Chun, Chung Ja;Jung, Young Mi;Cho, Hyun Min;Kim, Jung Sik;Paek, Ok Hee;Kim, Jung Hee;Park, Jin Hee
Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
/
v.12
no.1
/
pp.134-146
/
2000
This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between self-esteem, health promoting behavior and the quality of life of the patients undergoing hemodialysis. The subjects were 86 patients undergoing hemodialysis in H hospital. The data were collected using a questionnaire. Data collection was done from January 11th to June 16th, 1999. The analysis of data was done by use of descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson Correlation Coefficient and Multiple regression using the SPSS/PC+ program. The results are as follows: 1. The mean of the level of self-esteem was 25.02, the level of health promoting behavior, 120.04 and the level of QOL, 128.09. 2. Test for hypothesis: Hypothesis 1. "The higher the level of self-esteem of the patients undergoing hemodialysis, the higher the level of quality of life will be." was supported(r=.296, p<.01). Hypothesis 2. "The higher the level of health promoting behavior, the higher the level of quality of life will be." was supported (r=.628, p<.001). 3. Health promoting behavior explained 39.5percent of QOL($R^2$=.395, F=27.040, p<.001). 4. Monthly income(F=3.85, p<.01) and marital status(F=4.64, p<.05) were significantly related to the quality of life In conclusion, this study showed that self-esteem and health promoting behavior may be important factors that can improve the quality of life of the patients undergoing hemodiaysis. This study identified that nursing plans should include these factors to help physical, psychological and social adaptation of the patients undergoing hemodialysis.
Mobile phone media have extended the terrain of human communication. Starting from the notion of McLuhan, this study suggests that the extension of human communication is a concept of multiple dimension, such as 'extension of function' and 'extension of ego' Mobile phone speed the pare and efficiency of life, but also allow more flexibility at business and professional levels as well as family and personal life. On the other hand, mobile phone is also conceived as a personality kit, that is as a symbol of user's identity. So we ran classify the mobile phone users as a typology of motivation. Group I, entitled 'hyper-coordination', has high instrumental and high expressive motivation. Group II(='instrumental') is high instrumental but low expressive. Group III(='expressive') is low instrumental and high expressive, and Group IV(='minimal') is low in both instrumentality and expressiveness of mobile phone use. Then would the hyper-coordination group have different usage pattern with the other groups? A sample of 482 university students completed survey questionnaire. , which states hyper-coordination group would most frequently make calls and text, and have largest extensity and variety of usage, is supported statistically. states that hyper-coordination group would have larger and deeper social network than the other groups. This hypothesis is also supported with statistics.
Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
/
v.17
no.4
/
pp.525-540
/
1997
The present study tested the hypothesis that maturation of the prefrontal lobes is a crucial factor determining the performance of scientific reasoning tasks, Functions of the prefrontal lobes, such as activating relevant information, sequential planning and monitoring, and inhibiting irrelevant information, are related thinking patterns with scientific reasoning. Therefore, we inferred the idea that the prefrontal lobes play an important role in scientific reasoning. To test the hypothesis. the present study investigated a prefrontal lobe patient's task solving procedures in scientific reasoning tasks and the correlation and regression analysis between a test of prefrontal lobe function and two scientific reasoning tasks, The perseverative errors in the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test(WCST) was used as a measure of the prefrontal lobe function, The Melinark Type Task and the Classroom Test of Scientific Reasoning were used as measures of scientific reasoning abilities. Ages and Group Embedded Figure Test were also used as measures of two alternative hypotheses, general maturation and field independency respectively. The prefrontal lobe patient showed a crucial deficiency in solving scientific reasoning tasks. In the tasks, the patient could not used the reasoning of If... and... then... therefore pattern. In correlation study, the perseveration errors of the WCST showed a significantly negative correlation with two scientific reasoning tasks. Multiple regression study also showed that the perseveration errors measured as a function of the prefrontal lobes have more contribution to scientific reasoning ability than contributions of alternative hypotheses. Therefore, the present study supported the hypothesis that prefrontal lobes play a crucial role in scientific reasoning ability, What function of the prefrontal lobes do play crucial role in scientific reasoning? The present study provided an explanation for the question, which inhibiting ability of the prefrontal lobes is responsible for the scientific reasoning ability, in a part at least. That is, perseverative tendency in task-solving procedures causes a deficiency of an ability to inhibit the wrong information to solve a task. The present study provided a possibility of neuropsychological approach in science education research. The present study also showed an importance of the prefrontal lobe development in the performance of scientific reasoning task.
The purpose of this study is to identify the effect of sexual rehabilitation education on the knowledge and adjustment of sexual of spinal cord injury clients by the method of nonequivalant control group pretest-posttest group. The data were collected from Jan. 19 though Feb. 16, 2000. The experimental group was 26 spinal cord injury client from one rehabilitation center, and the control group was 26 spinal cord injury client from two rehabilitation center. Sexual rehabilitation education was done with manuals, videotapes and chart. Education time was 120 minutes a week for 2 weeks. The study tool was about Sexual Knowledge, designed Song, Chung Sook(1990) and SIAC(Sexual, Interest, Activity, & Satisfaction) designed Kruter, Sullivan, Siosteen(1994) translated by Kang, Hyun Sook, Koh, Jung Eun, Suh, Yeon Ok, Yee, Oon Hee(1999). The collected data were analyzed SPSS program. The Data were analyzed descriptive statistics and $X^2$ test, Pearson's Correlation Coefficient, t-test, F-test (ANOVA), Duncan's multiple comparison test. The result were as follows. 1. The first hypothesis was accepted : The group educated about sexual rehabilitation has more sexual knowledge than those of the uneducated group(t = 7.412, p = .001). 2. The second hypothesis was accepted : The group educated about the sexual rehabilitation has more adjustment of sexual than those of the uneducated group(t = 5.524, p= .001). 3. The third hypothesis was accepted: The higher sexual knowledge state, the higher sexual adjustment(r= .449, p= .003). According to results, sexual rehabilitation education helps Spinal cord Injury Clients to gain knowledge and adjustment of sexual.
본 웹사이트에 게시된 이메일 주소가 전자우편 수집 프로그램이나
그 밖의 기술적 장치를 이용하여 무단으로 수집되는 것을 거부하며,
이를 위반시 정보통신망법에 의해 형사 처벌됨을 유념하시기 바랍니다.
[게시일 2004년 10월 1일]
이용약관
제 1 장 총칙
제 1 조 (목적)
이 이용약관은 KoreaScience 홈페이지(이하 “당 사이트”)에서 제공하는 인터넷 서비스(이하 '서비스')의 가입조건 및 이용에 관한 제반 사항과 기타 필요한 사항을 구체적으로 규정함을 목적으로 합니다.
제 2 조 (용어의 정의)
① "이용자"라 함은 당 사이트에 접속하여 이 약관에 따라 당 사이트가 제공하는 서비스를 받는 회원 및 비회원을
말합니다.
② "회원"이라 함은 서비스를 이용하기 위하여 당 사이트에 개인정보를 제공하여 아이디(ID)와 비밀번호를 부여
받은 자를 말합니다.
③ "회원 아이디(ID)"라 함은 회원의 식별 및 서비스 이용을 위하여 자신이 선정한 문자 및 숫자의 조합을
말합니다.
④ "비밀번호(패스워드)"라 함은 회원이 자신의 비밀보호를 위하여 선정한 문자 및 숫자의 조합을 말합니다.
제 3 조 (이용약관의 효력 및 변경)
① 이 약관은 당 사이트에 게시하거나 기타의 방법으로 회원에게 공지함으로써 효력이 발생합니다.
② 당 사이트는 이 약관을 개정할 경우에 적용일자 및 개정사유를 명시하여 현행 약관과 함께 당 사이트의
초기화면에 그 적용일자 7일 이전부터 적용일자 전일까지 공지합니다. 다만, 회원에게 불리하게 약관내용을
변경하는 경우에는 최소한 30일 이상의 사전 유예기간을 두고 공지합니다. 이 경우 당 사이트는 개정 전
내용과 개정 후 내용을 명확하게 비교하여 이용자가 알기 쉽도록 표시합니다.
제 4 조(약관 외 준칙)
① 이 약관은 당 사이트가 제공하는 서비스에 관한 이용안내와 함께 적용됩니다.
② 이 약관에 명시되지 아니한 사항은 관계법령의 규정이 적용됩니다.
제 2 장 이용계약의 체결
제 5 조 (이용계약의 성립 등)
① 이용계약은 이용고객이 당 사이트가 정한 약관에 「동의합니다」를 선택하고, 당 사이트가 정한
온라인신청양식을 작성하여 서비스 이용을 신청한 후, 당 사이트가 이를 승낙함으로써 성립합니다.
② 제1항의 승낙은 당 사이트가 제공하는 과학기술정보검색, 맞춤정보, 서지정보 등 다른 서비스의 이용승낙을
포함합니다.
제 6 조 (회원가입)
서비스를 이용하고자 하는 고객은 당 사이트에서 정한 회원가입양식에 개인정보를 기재하여 가입을 하여야 합니다.
제 7 조 (개인정보의 보호 및 사용)
당 사이트는 관계법령이 정하는 바에 따라 회원 등록정보를 포함한 회원의 개인정보를 보호하기 위해 노력합니다. 회원 개인정보의 보호 및 사용에 대해서는 관련법령 및 당 사이트의 개인정보 보호정책이 적용됩니다.
제 8 조 (이용 신청의 승낙과 제한)
① 당 사이트는 제6조의 규정에 의한 이용신청고객에 대하여 서비스 이용을 승낙합니다.
② 당 사이트는 아래사항에 해당하는 경우에 대해서 승낙하지 아니 합니다.
- 이용계약 신청서의 내용을 허위로 기재한 경우
- 기타 규정한 제반사항을 위반하며 신청하는 경우
제 9 조 (회원 ID 부여 및 변경 등)
① 당 사이트는 이용고객에 대하여 약관에 정하는 바에 따라 자신이 선정한 회원 ID를 부여합니다.
② 회원 ID는 원칙적으로 변경이 불가하며 부득이한 사유로 인하여 변경 하고자 하는 경우에는 해당 ID를
해지하고 재가입해야 합니다.
③ 기타 회원 개인정보 관리 및 변경 등에 관한 사항은 서비스별 안내에 정하는 바에 의합니다.
제 3 장 계약 당사자의 의무
제 10 조 (KISTI의 의무)
① 당 사이트는 이용고객이 희망한 서비스 제공 개시일에 특별한 사정이 없는 한 서비스를 이용할 수 있도록
하여야 합니다.
② 당 사이트는 개인정보 보호를 위해 보안시스템을 구축하며 개인정보 보호정책을 공시하고 준수합니다.
③ 당 사이트는 회원으로부터 제기되는 의견이나 불만이 정당하다고 객관적으로 인정될 경우에는 적절한 절차를
거쳐 즉시 처리하여야 합니다. 다만, 즉시 처리가 곤란한 경우는 회원에게 그 사유와 처리일정을 통보하여야
합니다.
제 11 조 (회원의 의무)
① 이용자는 회원가입 신청 또는 회원정보 변경 시 실명으로 모든 사항을 사실에 근거하여 작성하여야 하며,
허위 또는 타인의 정보를 등록할 경우 일체의 권리를 주장할 수 없습니다.
② 당 사이트가 관계법령 및 개인정보 보호정책에 의거하여 그 책임을 지는 경우를 제외하고 회원에게 부여된
ID의 비밀번호 관리소홀, 부정사용에 의하여 발생하는 모든 결과에 대한 책임은 회원에게 있습니다.
③ 회원은 당 사이트 및 제 3자의 지적 재산권을 침해해서는 안 됩니다.
제 4 장 서비스의 이용
제 12 조 (서비스 이용 시간)
① 서비스 이용은 당 사이트의 업무상 또는 기술상 특별한 지장이 없는 한 연중무휴, 1일 24시간 운영을
원칙으로 합니다. 단, 당 사이트는 시스템 정기점검, 증설 및 교체를 위해 당 사이트가 정한 날이나 시간에
서비스를 일시 중단할 수 있으며, 예정되어 있는 작업으로 인한 서비스 일시중단은 당 사이트 홈페이지를
통해 사전에 공지합니다.
② 당 사이트는 서비스를 특정범위로 분할하여 각 범위별로 이용가능시간을 별도로 지정할 수 있습니다. 다만
이 경우 그 내용을 공지합니다.
제 13 조 (홈페이지 저작권)
① NDSL에서 제공하는 모든 저작물의 저작권은 원저작자에게 있으며, KISTI는 복제/배포/전송권을 확보하고
있습니다.
② NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 상업적 및 기타 영리목적으로 복제/배포/전송할 경우 사전에 KISTI의 허락을
받아야 합니다.
③ NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 보도, 비평, 교육, 연구 등을 위하여 정당한 범위 안에서 공정한 관행에
합치되게 인용할 수 있습니다.
④ NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 무단 복제, 전송, 배포 기타 저작권법에 위반되는 방법으로 이용할 경우
저작권법 제136조에 따라 5년 이하의 징역 또는 5천만 원 이하의 벌금에 처해질 수 있습니다.
제 14 조 (유료서비스)
① 당 사이트 및 협력기관이 정한 유료서비스(원문복사 등)는 별도로 정해진 바에 따르며, 변경사항은 시행 전에
당 사이트 홈페이지를 통하여 회원에게 공지합니다.
② 유료서비스를 이용하려는 회원은 정해진 요금체계에 따라 요금을 납부해야 합니다.
제 5 장 계약 해지 및 이용 제한
제 15 조 (계약 해지)
회원이 이용계약을 해지하고자 하는 때에는 [가입해지] 메뉴를 이용해 직접 해지해야 합니다.
제 16 조 (서비스 이용제한)
① 당 사이트는 회원이 서비스 이용내용에 있어서 본 약관 제 11조 내용을 위반하거나, 다음 각 호에 해당하는
경우 서비스 이용을 제한할 수 있습니다.
- 2년 이상 서비스를 이용한 적이 없는 경우
- 기타 정상적인 서비스 운영에 방해가 될 경우
② 상기 이용제한 규정에 따라 서비스를 이용하는 회원에게 서비스 이용에 대하여 별도 공지 없이 서비스 이용의
일시정지, 이용계약 해지 할 수 있습니다.
제 17 조 (전자우편주소 수집 금지)
회원은 전자우편주소 추출기 등을 이용하여 전자우편주소를 수집 또는 제3자에게 제공할 수 없습니다.
제 6 장 손해배상 및 기타사항
제 18 조 (손해배상)
당 사이트는 무료로 제공되는 서비스와 관련하여 회원에게 어떠한 손해가 발생하더라도 당 사이트가 고의 또는 과실로 인한 손해발생을 제외하고는 이에 대하여 책임을 부담하지 아니합니다.
제 19 조 (관할 법원)
서비스 이용으로 발생한 분쟁에 대해 소송이 제기되는 경우 민사 소송법상의 관할 법원에 제기합니다.
[부 칙]
1. (시행일) 이 약관은 2016년 9월 5일부터 적용되며, 종전 약관은 본 약관으로 대체되며, 개정된 약관의 적용일 이전 가입자도 개정된 약관의 적용을 받습니다.