• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.295-300
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• 2005

In the present study, the performances of conventional purification methods, packed bed adsorption (PBA), and expanded bed adsorption (EBA) for the purification of the nucleocapsid protein (NP) of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) from Escherichia coli homogenates were evaluated. The conventional methods for the recovery of NP proteins involved multiple steps, such as centrifugation, precipitation, dialysis, and sucrose gradient ultracentrifugation. For the PBA, clarified feedstock was used for column loading, while in EBA, unclarified feedstock was used. Streamline chelating immobilized with $Ni^{2+}$ ion was used as an affinity ligand for both PBA and EBA. The final protein yield obtained in conventional and PBA methods was $1.26\%$ and $5.56\%$, respectively. It was demonstrated that EBA achieved the highest final protein yield of $9.6\%$ with a purification factor of 7. Additionally, the total processing time of the EBA process has been shortened by 8 times compared to that of the conventional method.

• 지질공학
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.701-716
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• 2023

수환경으로 유입된 미세플라스틱(<5 mm)은 중금속을 흡착하여 생태계의 먹이사슬을 통해 인간에게 악영향을 미칠 수 있다. 본 리뷰에서는 수환경에서 미세플라스틱과 중금속 간의 흡착에 영향을 미치는 요인을 조사하고, 흡착과정과 메커니즘을 종합적으로 고찰하였다. 중금속 흡착특성은 미세플라스틱의 폴리머 유형과 결정도, 입자크기, 환경적 조건(pH, 온도, 풍화작용)에 따라 영향을 받았다. 특히 풍화도가 높고 폴리머의 입자크기가 작을수록 중금속 흡착량이 증가하였으나, 흡착이 발생하는 당시 환경의 온도 및 폴리머의 결정도와 중금속 흡착량에 대한 상관관계는 확인하기 어려웠다. 중금속 흡착거동은 흡착동역학과 등온식을 통해 평가한 물리·화학적 흡착과정에 의해 설명되었으며, 일반적으로 하나 이상의 메커니즘에 의해 복합적으로 발생하는 것을 확인하였다. 본 리뷰를 통해 미세플라스틱에 의한 중금속의 흡착거동과 메커니즘을 이해함으로써 수환경에서 미세플라스틱의 잠재적 위험을 평가하는데 도움이 될 것으로 기대된다.

• 공업화학
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.356-361
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• 2018

혈액과 같이 다성분으로 이루어진 복잡한 matrix로 구성된 시료에서 휘발성 유기화합물(VOC)이나 반휘발성 유기화합물(SVOC)의 분석은 분리공정을 거쳐 분석되는 것이 일반적이다. 흡착은 어떤 성분이 다른 상의 표면에 축적되는 물리적 현상이다. 전처리 과정에서 번거로움을 극복하기 위해 흡착이 적용되며 이를 위해 다공성 탄소인 carboxen (CAR)이 도포된 solid phase microextraction (SPME) 장치가 흔히 사용된다. 본 연구에서는 플라스틱 제조시 가소제 등으로 사용되는 4-octylphenol의 carboxen에 대한 흡착특성을 살펴보았다. 이를 위해 dichloromethane ($CH_2Cl_2$, DCM), ethylacetate ($CH_3COOC_2H_5$, EA) 및 diethylether ($C_2H_5OC_2H_5$, $Et_2O$)에 대한 추출효율과 bistrimethylsilyltrifluoroacetamide (BSTFA), methylchloroformate (MCF) 및 pentafluorobenzylbromide (PFBBr)에 대한 유도체화 반응의 특성을 조사하였다. 열역학적 특성 파악을 위한 추출용제로는 DCM이 양호한 효과를 보였으며 BSTFA를 이용한 silylation의 분석특성이 우수하여 이를 적용하였다. 열역학적 및 동력학적 흡착실험 결과 흡착과정은 흡열특성을 보였고 Langmuir식보다는 Freundlich 등온식에 더 근접하였으며 동력학적으로는 pseudo-$2^{nd}$ order kinetic model에 따르는 것을 보였다.

• 환경위생공학
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.31-39
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• 2009

In this research, I carried out the adsorption and removal test of Pb, Ni, Co and Cu ions using organic substances spread out any where in the nature which can be obtained easily from our neighbor-such as Paulownia coreana, Pinus densiflora, Juniperus chinesis, Quercus dentata, Magnolia kobus, Platanus occidentalis, Gingko biloba, Diospyros kaki leaves. As the result of the research to find the best optional condition for the adsorption and removal, shows that the adsorption and removal ratio of Pb ion by a Paulownia coreana raw leaves is 99% at $70^{\circ}C$, those of Ni ion and Co ion by Magnolia kobus formalin treatment leaves are 79% at $70^{\circ}C$, 97% at $40^{\circ}C$ respectively. And that of Cu ion by Platanus occidentalis treatment leaves is 97% at $50^{\circ}C$ in mixed solution. As the result of comparing the removal ratio by raw leaves and formalin treatment leaves, the removal ratio of treatment is 30~90% more effective than raw leaves in most cases. And I concluded Pb > Cu > Co > Ni ion in multiple solution and Co > Ni > Cu >Pb ion in single solution after testing adsorption and removal ratio of mixed solution separately as time goes by. In general, the reactions were completed within first 5 minutes. The test result of measuring the hydrolysable tannin content of each leaf shows that an overcup Quercus dentata is 11.36%, a Diospyros kaki is 10.81% and the rest of them are 2.49~4.12% in raw leaves cases. In treatment leaves cases, an overcup Quercus dentata is 3.23% and the others are less than 1%.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.494-503
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• 2013

In this study, $CO_2$ adsorbent was produced for minimizing energy loss due to ventilation within the building. For improved selectivity about low concentration of $CO_2$ in multiple-use facilities, the ball type adsorbent was modified from a commercial zeolite, alumina, alkali metals and activated carbon with mixing LiOH, binder, and $H_2O$. We measured specific surface area, pore characteristic, and crystal structure of the modified adsorbent. Effects of alkalization on the absorptive properties of the adsorbents were investigated. Continuous column tests (2,000 ppm) and batch chamber tests ($4m^3$, 5,000ppm) showed that the modified adsorbent indicated about the selectivity of $CO_2$ more than 9.7% (0.613 mmol/g) compared with ordinary adsorbents and $CO_2$ removal efficiency of 88.8% within l hour, respectively. It was estimated that the modified adsorbent was applicable to indoor environments.

• 대한화장품학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한화장품학회 2003년도 IFSCC Conference Proceeding Book II
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• pp.110-116
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• 2003

We have developed a high performance powder, which has a quenching efficacy not only for short-chain fatty acids and amines, but also for vinyl ketones (l-octen-3-one, cis-l,5-octadien-3-one), newly found as other key compounds in axillary malodor. By investigating various powders known to have a quenching efficacy, we finally developed a highly porous silica bead containing magnesium oxide. We found that the superior deodorant effect performed by this powder was the result of multiple effects due to both an excellent physical adsorption capability from its high porosity and a specific adsorption of vinyl ketones by magnesium in the powder. An antiperspirant formulation containing both this powder and a Morus alba extract showed good efficacy as a deodorant.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.470-479
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• 2004

The experimental conditions and relationships between parameters such as organic matter, aeration volume, aeration time, and precipitation time for the effective treatment of domestic wastewater were investigated. With the batch systems, the adsorption amount of unit microbe was measured with the change of MLSS concentration, precipitation time, and aeration amount. Theoretical adsorption amount of microbes was then numerically formulated by use of a SPSS multiple analysis as follows: $$Y=-0.0106(X_1)+0.07310(X_2)+42.705(X_3)+62.700$$ In this study, the amount of organisms to be removed in the range of MLSS concentration 2,000~4,500 mg/l were examined. In order to investigate the optimal condition of nitrification, the upper water in the biosorption stage was used as the initial experiment water. The results showed that the C/N ratio was 1.5 and the reaction time for the optimal nitrification was 1.5 hr. When the adsorption efficiency for microbe biosorption was 66%, the optimum denitrification efficiency was 83.3%. When the optimum parameters obtained from the batch experiment were applied to the lab-scale operation, the total retention time from the flow-in to flow-out was 10 hours and the removal efficiency was 93.8% for $COD_{cr}$ and 80.9% for TN. For the full-scale operation, the total retention time was 9.0 hours and the removal efficiency was 94.4% for BOD, 89.6% for $COD_{cr}$, 88.0% for TN, and 86.2% for TP.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제45권6호
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• pp.573-581
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• 2007

본 연구에서는 MEA(monoethanolamine)를 함침한 메조포러스 물질을 이용하여 이산화탄소를 회수하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 MCM-41, MCM-48 및 SBA-15의 메조포러스 물질을 제조한 후 30, 50, 70 wt%의 MEA로 함침하였다. 함침한 메조포러스 물질의 특성을 평가하기 위하여 XRD, FT-IR, SEM, BET를 이용하였다. 이산화탄소 흡탈착 실험을 수행한 결과, 흡착량은 MCM-41>MCM-48>SBA-15 순으로 나타내었다. 최대 이산화탄소 흡착량은 50 wt% MEA 함침 MCM-41으로써 $40^{\circ}C$에서 $57.1mg-CO_2/gr-sorbent$이며, 이는 MCM-41과 비교할 때 8배 높았다. 그리고 20회 반복 흡탈착 실험 결과, 반복 실험에도 일정한 흡착능을 나타내었다.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제56권4호
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• pp.568-576
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• 2018

폐감귤박으로 제조한 활성탄(WCAC, waste citrus peel based activated carbon)에 의한 항생제 trimethoprim (TMP)의 흡착 특성을 조사하기 위해 반응표면법(RSM, response surface methodology)을 사용하여 TMP 흡착에 대한 운전인자들의 영향을 조사하였다. 농도($X_1$: 50-150 mg/L), pH ($X_2$: 4-10), 온도($X_3$: 293-323 K), 흡착제 투여량($X_4$: 0.05-0.15 g)의 4가지 입력 파라미터를 가진 4-요인 Box-Behnken 실험 설계에 따라 회분식 실험을 수행하고, 얻어진 실험 결과를 다중 회귀 분석으로 2차 다항식에 맞추고 통계적 방법을 사용하여 검토하였다. 독립 변수 및 변수들 간의 교호 작용의 유의성은 ANOVA 및 t-검정 통계기법으로 평가하였으며, 통계적 결과는 TMP 농도가 다른 요인들에 비하여 가장 많은 영향을 미치는 운전인자라는 것을 보여 주었다. 흡착공정은 유사 2차 속도식에 잘 부합하였으며, 등온흡착평형관계는 Langmuir 식이 Freundlich 식 보다 잘 부합하였다. Langmuir 등온식으로 부터 계산한 WCAC에 의한 TMP의 최대 흡착량은 293 K에서 144.9 mg/g이었다.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.253-258
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• 2007

The adsorption capacity of bone char for lead, cadmium and zinc was studied in both single and binary multiple component systems. Equilibrium experimental studies have been performed to determine the sorption capacity of bone char for each metal ion. These have been analysed using single and multi-component equilibrum models. The results show that the sorption of metal ions for multi-component systems can be predicted reasonably well from the IAS theory with the Langmuir equation, the Freundlich and the Slip equation for metal ions.