• Korean Journal of Labor Studies
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.35-64
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• 2013

This paper explores whether or not a minimum wage increase can do much to alleviate working poor. For this purpose, I analyze transitions from working poor to working non-poor and to unemployment or non-economically active states, using KLIPS (Korea Labor and Income Panel Study). This study uses the multilevel multinomial logit model to control unobserved individual heterogenous characteristics. It finds that a minimum wage increase tends to cause a higher probability of transitions from working poor to working non-poor. It is also discovered that a minimum wage increase is not negatively related with the persistence of the working state. It is concluded that minimum wage increases are likely to be effective in improving the living standards of the 'working poor'.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.430-438
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• 2023

The Modular Multilevel Converter (MMC) has emerged as a key component in HVDC systems due to its ability to efficiently transmit large amounts of power over long distances. In such systems, accurate estimation of the MMC capacitor voltage is of utmost importance for ensuring optimal system performance, stability, and reliability. Traditional methods for voltage estimation may face limitations in accuracy and robustness, prompting the need for innovative approaches. In this paper, we propose a novel distributed neural network observer specifically designed for MMC capacitor voltage estimation. Our observer harnesses the power of a multi-layer neural network architecture, which enables the observer to learn and adapt to the complex dynamics of the MMC system. By utilizing a distributed approach, we deploy multiple observers, each with its own set of neural network layers, to collectively estimate the capacitor voltage. This distributed configuration enhances the accuracy and robustness of the voltage estimation process. A crucial aspect of our observer's performance lies in the meticulous initialization of random weights within the neural network. This initialization process ensures that the observer starts with a solid foundation for efficient learning and accurate voltage estimation. The observer iteratively updates its weights based on the observed voltage and current values, continuously improving its estimation accuracy over time. The validity of proposed algorithm is verified by the result of estimated voltage at each observer in capacitor of MMC.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.1140-1149
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• 2019

In general, there are various pulse width modulation(PWM) methods simply using the offset voltage injection in voltage source converter(VSC). In accordance with the AC side voltage synthesis method with the offset voltage, DC side voltage utilization factor in VSC is changed. Also, this can apply equally to the MMC system. In other words, if the DC side capacity of the high voltage DC(HVDC) transmission system is determined, the maximum reactive power which can be supplied to the AC side can be changed according to the applied output voltage synthesis method with the offset voltage. In this paper, the leg energy pulsation in MMC system according to the AC side output voltage synthesis method with offset voltage which several representative PWM are applied to are mathematically analyzed and compared with each other. Finally, the above results are verified by simulation emulating the 400MVA full-scale MMC system to determine the consistency of the mathematical analysis.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 2018.07a
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• pp.288-289
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• 2018

In this paper, the coupled inductor scheme instead of noncoupled inductors is suggested to reduce the dimension, weight and cost of the magnetic core. The simulation results have verified the effectiveness of the flying-capacitor MMC with coupled inductors and its control method for medium-voltage induction motor drives at low-speed operation.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 2015.07a
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• pp.333-334
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• 2015

본 논문은 단상 플라잉 커패시터 멀티레벨 인버터에서의 스위칭 상태 변화 횟수를 줄이는 새로운 기법을 제안하였다. 제안한 방법은 플라잉 커패시터 멀티레벨 인버터가 갖는 Redundant state 특성을 이용하며, 플라잉 커패시터 전압이 제어되는 범위 내에서 각 스위치가 최대한 적게 온/오프 하도록 Redundant state를 선택한다. 이를 단상 3-레벨 플라잉 커패시터 인버터에 적용하여 ＰＳＩＭ 시뮬레이션을 통해 유효성을 검증하였다.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.268-276
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• 2016

A hybrid sinusoidal-pulse current (HSPC) charging method for the Li-ion batteries in electric vehicle applications is proposed in this paper. The HSPC charging method is based on the Li-ion battery ac-impedance spectrum analysis, while taking into account the high power requirement and system integration. The proposed HSPC method overcomes the power limitation in the sinusoidal ripple current (SRC) charging method. The charger shares the power devices in the motor inverter for hardware cost saving. Phase shifting in multiple pulse currents is employed to generate a high frequency multilevel charging current. Simulation and experimental results show that the proposed HSPC method improves the charger efficiency related to the hardware and the battery energy transfer efficiency.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 2000.07a
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• pp.313-316
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• 2000

This paper proposes a new solution by carrier-based SVPWM method to solve the most serious problem of Flying Capacitor Multi-level Inverter that is unbalance of capacitor voltages The voltage unbalance is occurred by the difference of each capacitor's charging and discharging time applied to Flying Capacitor Multi-level Inverter. It controls the variation of capacitor voltages into the mean'0' during some period by means of new carriers using the leg voltage redundancy in the Inverter. The solution can be easily expanded to the multi-level. Also this method can make the switching loss and conduction loss of device equal by the use of leg voltage redundancy. First the unbalance of capacitor voltage is analyzed and the conventional theory of self-balance using phase-shifted carrier is reviewed. And then the new method that is suitable to the Flying Capacitor Inverter is explained. The simulation results would be shown to verify the proposed method

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
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• 2004.07b
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• pp.635-639
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• 2004

This paper presents a simple PWM method to control three phase four leg multilevel inverters, which have been developed for supplying electrical power to three phase unbalanced load and for related power active filters. The method is derived from a general correlation between space vector PWM (SVPWM) method and carrier based PWM (CPWM) method. As an advantage, the simplicity and flexibility of the proposed CPWM control can be obtained and the complicated calculations of the 3-D SVPWM concepts can be avoided. The method has been mathematical formulated and demonstrated by simulation results.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.243-249
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• 2013

This paper presents a neutral-point voltage balancing method for three-level inverter systems using a time-offset estimation scheme. The neutral-point voltage is balanced by adding a time-offset to the turn-on time of the switches. If an inaccurate time-offset is added, the neutral-point deviation still remains. An accurate time-offset is obtained through the proposed time-offset estimation scheme. This method is implemented without additional hardware, complex calculations, or analysis. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified by experiments.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.15 no.9
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• pp.729-737
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• 1990

This paper presents a new method of multilevel estimation of dithered images. A dithered picture, a two-tone picture which gives the illusion of picture with many shades of gray, is obtained by comparing the gray-level picture which gives the illusion of picture with a position-dependent threshold. When the intensity of a picture element exeeds the threshold it is classified as white: otherwise it is black. In the new estimation scheme, the simulation results show the SNR of the new method is improved 0.7dB compared with the old method. And we propose a new progressive image transmission by employing thie method.