• 한국안광학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.51-60
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• 2011

목적: 본 연구는 대학생들을 대상으로 근거리에서 낮은 가입도 멀티포컬 소프트렌즈의 시기능과 만족도를 조사하고자 시행하였다. 방법: 특별한 안질환이 없고 양안 교정시력이 20/20(1.0) 이상인 대학생 26명(남자 6명, 여자 20명)을 대상으로 단초점렌즈와 낮은 가입도(Low addition)의 멀티포컬 소프트렌즈를 피팅하였다. 2주 착용한 후, 시기능검사는 원거리와 근거리 교정시력, 입체시, 대비감도, 조절근점, 조절용이성, 폭주근점, 버전스 용이성, 근거리 선명시역을 측정하였다. 설문조사는 전반적 만족도와 선호도의 항목으로 구성하여 조사하였다. 결과: 양안으로 검사한 원거리와 근거리의 시력은 2가지 렌즈를 착용한 경우 모두 20/20 이상이었다. 원거리와 근거리 입체시, 대비감도와 버전스 용이성은 멀티포컬과 단초점 소프트렌즈에서 통계적으로 의미있는 차이가 없었다. 양안으로 측정한 조절근점, 조절용이성, 폭주근점 그리고 근거리 선명시역은 전반적으로 멀티포컬 소프트렌즈의 착용 후 단초점렌즈보다 우수하였다. 설문조사는 근거리작업과 관련된 항목에서 멀티포컬 소프트렌즈, 원거리와 관련된 항목에 단초점렌즈를 선호하고 만족하는 것으로 나타났다. 결론: 대부분의 대학생들이 근거리 작업과 관련된 시기능 유용성에서 멀티포컬 소프트렌즈가 더 좋았기 때문에 단초점 콘택트렌즈보다 멀티포컬 소프트렌즈를 선호했다. 본 연구의 결과로 멀티포컬 소프트렌즈의 착용이 장시간 근거리 시생활하는 대학생에게 유용할 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국안광학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.117-124
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• 2015

목적: 모노비전, 변형된 모노비전 및 비구면 멀티포컬 소프트콘택트렌즈로 교정 시 20대 성인에서 근거리 작업 후 조절기능의 변화를 비교하였다. 방법: 30명의 젊은 성인($23.53{\pm}2.37$세)을 대상으로 모노비전, 단초점 콘택트렌즈와 낮은 가입도의 중심부-근용 비구면 다초점 콘택트렌즈를 활용한 변형된 모노비전, 멀티포컬 콘택트렌즈의 교정방법을 사용하여 양안에 착용시키고, 일주일의 적응기간이 경과한 후 조절기능을 검사하였다. 조절기능 평가는 콘택트렌즈를 착용하고 1시간 동안 동영상을 시청하여 조절 부담을 유도한 후 원/근거리의 100%와 10% 대비시력, 조절반응, 근거리 조절용이성, 양성/음성상대조절력 등을 평가하였다. 모든 검사는 양안으로 실행하였다. 결과: 원거리 10% 대비시력은 모노비전에서 가장 낮았다(p<0.005). 조절반응량은 검사거리 1 m(1.00 D)에서 모노비전이 변형된 모노비전보다 작았고, 검사거리 40 cm(2.50 D)에서는 모노비전이 변형된 모노비전, 멀티포컬 콘택트렌즈보다 작았다(p<0.05). 근거리 조절용이성, 양성/음성상대조절력은 콘택트렌즈 교정법 사이에 차이가 없었다. 결론: 20대 성인에서 낮은 가입도의 모노비전 처방은 단초점렌즈보다 근거리 조절반응을 줄여주지만 중심부-근용 멀티포컬 콘택트렌즈를 이용한 '변형된 모노비전'과 멀티포컬 콘택트렌즈 처방은 조절이완에 영향을 주지 않는 것으로 생각된다.

• Journal of the Optical Society of Korea
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.110-117
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• 2014

In this study, we objectively determined whether the ReSTOR as a multifocal IOL (intraocular lens) has a multifocal function compared to the IQ as a monofocal IOL in vivo by OQAS (Optical Quality Analysis System). Eighteen patients who had cataract surgery with implantation of ReSTOR (27 eyes) and 15 patients with IQ (21 eyes), were included inthis study. Uncorrected distance visual acuity (UCDVA), corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), uncorrected near visual acuity (UCNVA)and distance corrected near visual acuity (DCNVA) were measured. After setting the artificial pupil size to 3 mm, we performed 'Optical quality'. We inputted defocus diopters of (objective spherical refraction)(far), (objective spherical refraction-1.25 D)(intermediate),(objective spherical refraction-2.5 D)(near), and (objective spherical refraction-3.5 D)(very near) into 'selected spherical refraction' simulating the optical quality at far, intermediate, and near distance. We changed the pupil size to 5 mm and repeated the same measurements. The UCDVA and CDVA did not show significant differences between the 2 groups. But, the UCNVA and DCNVA of the ReSTOR group were better than those of the IQ group (p=0.000, p=0.000). For 3 mm pupil, at far distance, modulation transfer function (MTF) cut off and point spread function (PSF) width at 50% of ReSTOR were worse than those of IQ (p=0.039, p=0.020). At intermediate distance, MTF cut off, Strehl ratio and PSF width at 50% of ReSTOR were worse than those of IQ (p=0.001, p=0.001, p=0.000). At near distance, MTF cut off of ReSTOR was worse than that of IQ (p=0.033). At very near distance, MTF cut off and Strehl ratio of ReSTOR were worse than those of IQ (p=0.002, p=0.002), but PSF width at 50% of ReSTOR was better than that of IQ. For 5 mm pupil, most parameters at each distance, there was no significant difference between the 2 groups. Only PSF width at 50% of ReSTOR were worse than those of IQ at intermediate distance (p=0.013). It was impossible to show the multifocal function of ReSTOR compared to the IQ byOQAS.

• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.195-202
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• 1993

$^{123}Iodine$-metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) which is a norepinephrine analogue, can be used to evaluate the sympathetic innervation of the heart. In this study, cardiac imaging with $^{123}I-MIBG$ was performed in patients with 9 dilated cardiomyopathy, 2 ischemic cardiomyopathy and 1 acute myocardial infarction to evaluate the sympathetic nervous function. $^{123}I-MIBG$ imaging showed multifocal defects (8), diffuse defect (2), near non-visualization (2). The defects of MIBG scans were found to be larger and more severe on 4 hours image than 30 minutes. Heart to lung, heart to mediastinum ratios were decreased at 4 hours than those at 30 minutes. Measured LVEF values were not correlated with the severity of MIBG uptake. $^{99m}Tc-MIBI$ imaging was also performed in all patients to find the relationship with $^{123}I-MIBG$ scan. $^{99m}Tc-MIBI$ scan showed multifocal defects in 9 patients, diffuse defects in 1 patient and no defect in 2 patients. The defects are similar in size, severity and extent, but more larger and severe on $^{123}I-MIBG$ imaging. Therefore, cardiac $^{123}I-MIBG$ imaging is a useful method to evaluate the sympathetic nervous function in cardiomyopathy.

• 한국광학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.28-34
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• 2022

그래핀 전극 아래에 놓인 다층 그래핀 존 플레이트로 구성된 적외선 프레넬 렌즈의 초점 성능을 전산모사를 통해 조사한다. 여기서 패턴된 다층 그래핀의 페르미 에너지 준위(E_F)는 그 위에 놓인 그래핀 전극에 의해 조절된다. 4 ㎛에서 30 ㎛까지의 광대역 파장에서 유리 기판 위에 놓인 8층 그래핀 존 플레이트와 그래핀 전극의 반사도 대비비에 따른 프레넬 렌즈 효과를 분석하였다. 반사도와 반사도 대비비를 고려한 최적 파장인 8 ㎛ 입사파가 초점거리 240 ㎛인 프레넬 렌즈에 입사 시, 다층 그래핀의 E_F가 0.4 eV에서 1.6 eV로 증가함에 따라 초점 세기가 4.3배, 그래핀 층수가 2층에서 8층으로 증가함에 따라 5.8배 강화되었다. 이를 통해 인가된 E_F에 따라서 다중 초점(240 ㎛ 및 360 ㎛) 성능을 보이는 그래핀만으로 구성된 IR 프레넬 렌즈 구조를 초박형 렌즈 플랫폼으로 제안한다.

• 한국안광학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.347-356
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• 2013

목적: 비구면 다초점 인공수정체인 ReSTOR$^{(R)}$ SN6AD3 삽입안의 시력과 시기능 변화를 분석하였다. 방법: 양안 또는 단안에 비구면 다초점 인공수정체(ReSTOR$^{(R)}$ SN6AD3)를 삽입한 백내장 환자 19명의 30안을 대상으로 하였다. 수술 전, 수술 후 1주일, 1개월 및 3개월 후에 시력과 객관적인 시기능을 측정하였고 수술 3개월 후 인공수정체 삽입안의 시기능 측정값을 동일 연령대의 정상안 20명(38안)과 비교하였다. 원거리 시력은 2 m 거리에서 LCD chart ETDRS 시력표를 이용하여 측정하였고, 중간거리(50 cm)과 근거리(30 cm) 시력은 Jaeger chart를 이용하였다. 객관적인 시기능은 OQAS 장비를 이용하여 OSI (objective scatter index, 객관적 산란지수), MTF (modulation transfer function, 변조전달함수) cut off, Strehl ratio를 4 mm 동공크기에서 측정하여 수술 후 경과기간에 따른 측정값을 비교 평가하였다. 수술 3개월 째 시력 및 시기능은 객관적 평가와 주관적인 평가를 통해 동일 연령대의 정상안과 비교하였다. 결과: 나안 원거리 시력과 OSI, MTF와 Strehl ratio는 다초점 인공수정체 삽입 1개월까지 유의하게 향상되었다(p<0.05). 수술 3개월 후 다초점 인공수정체 삽입안의 MTF와 Strehl ratio는 정상 대조군의 수준으로 회복되었지만, OSI는 대조군보다 높은 값으로 측정되었다(p<0.001). 자각적인 원거리 및 근거리 시력에 대한 만족도는 높았지만, 중간거리 시력에 대한 만족도가 낮으며 눈부심과 빛 번짐 증상이 나타났다. 결론: 비구면 다초점 인공수정체 삽입안의 시기능은 수술 1개월 후부터 안정화되며 동일 연령대의 정상안의 수준으로 개선되지만 만족스러운 중간거리 시력을 제공하지 못하며 눈부심과 빛 번짐의 시각적 불편감이 나타나는 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• 제34권3호
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• pp.198-202
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• 2021

Super-selective renal artery embolization is an increasingly popular technique for the management of traumatic, low-grade renal trauma. When performed in distal arterial branches, this intervention enables tissue preservation and arrest of hemorrhage, but it may not be practical in cases of multifocal, high-grade renal injuries. In such cases, surgical nephrectomy remains the more common treatment modality to ensure hemodynamic control. We present the unique case of a patient who presented in hemorrhagic shock following a major trauma that resulted in a grade 5 renal injury treated with complete renal artery embolization using Gelfoam, resulting in hemodynamic stabilization. Interestingly, imaging 1 month after embolization revealed residual enhancement of the inferior pole of the kidney, suggesting reconstitution of flow and partial renal salvage. Ultimately, transcatheter "nephrectomy" with careful selection of a temporary embolic agent may serve as a safe and efficient alternative to surgical nephrectomy with the added possibility of preserving partial renal perfusion and function in the emergent setting.

• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.119-123
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• 1990

Unexpected renal abnormality can be detected on bone scan using Tc-99m-MDP. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the diagnostic significance of diffusely increased bliateral renal uptake on bone scarf. 1,500 boor scan were reviewed and 43 scans which showed diffusely increased bliateral renal uptake were selected for analysis. Laboratory findings for renal and liver function tests including routine urinalysis were reviewed in 43 patients. 26 of 43 case showed abnormality in urinalysis and renal function stud 20 of 43 cases showed abnormal liver function study and 3 of these cases were diagnosed as hepatorenal syndrome later. 13 of those 20 cases had liver cirrhosis with or without hepatoma. 12 of 43 cases showed abnormality both in renal and liver function studies. 2 of 43 cases showed diffusely increased bilateral renal uptake after chemotherapy for cancer but not on previous scans before chemotherapy. 2 of 43 cases showed hypercalcemia and 8 of 43 cases had multifocal bone uptake due to metastasis or benign bone lesion. but the latter showed no hypercalcemia at all. There was no significant correlatrion between increased renal uptake and MDP uptake in soft tissue other than kidneys. This study raised the possibility that the impaired liver and/or renal function may result in diffuse increase of bliateral renal uptake of MDP of unknown mechaninsm. It seems to need further study on this correlation.

• Journal of Genetic Medicine
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.31-35
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• 2024

Allan-Herndon-Dudley syndrome (AHDS) is a rare X-linked neurodevelopmental disorder with abnormal thyroid function caused by mutation in the solute carrier family 16 member 2 (SLC16A2) gene. Clinical manifestations of AHDS are global or axial hypotonia, a variety of movement disorders, severe intellectual disability, quadriplegia or spastic diplegia, growth failure, and seizures. A 10-year-old boy visited our hospital with the chief complaint of newly onset generalized tonic seizures with vocalization of weekly to daily frequency. He showed early infantile hypotonia, severe intellectual disability, and frequent respiratory infections. He could not walk independently and was non-verbal. Electroencephalogram revealed generalized slow spike and waves with multifocal spikes and slow background rhythms. His tonic seizures were controlled with more than two anti-seizure medications (ASMs). At 11 years of age, he was evaluated for thyroid function as part of regular screening for ASM maintenance and was found to have abnormal thyroid function. We performed whole exome sequencing for severe global developmental delay, drug-resistant epilepsy, and abnormal thyroid function. The hemizygous c.940C>T (p.Arg314Ter) variant in the SLC16A2 gene (NM_006517.5) was identified and confirmed based on Sanger sequencing. Herein, we describe a case of an AHDS patient with late-onset drug-resistant epilepsy combined with congenital hypotonia, global developmental delay, and abnormal thyroid function results. To the best of our knowledge, this is the oldest adolescent among AHDS cases reported in Korea. In this report, clinical characteristics of a mid-adolescence patient with AHDS were presented.

• Childhood Kidney Diseases
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.53-57
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• 2019

Renal cortical necrosis (RCN) is patchy or diffuse ischemic destruction of the renal cortex caused by significantly reduced renal arterial perfusion. It is a rare cause of acute kidney injury (AKI) and is associated with high mortality. Here, we review the case of RCN in a 15-year-old boy who developed AKI. A 15-year-old boy was referred to our hospital from a local hospital due to a sharp decrease in his renal function. He presented with acute flank pain, nausea with vomiting, and oliguria for the past two days. He had taken a single dose of antihistamine for nasal congestion. At our hospital, his peak blood pressure was 148/83 mmHg and he had a high body mass index of $32.9kg/m^2$. The laboratory data showed a blood urea nitrogen (BUN) of 28.4 mg/dL, a creatinine of 4.26 mg/dL, and a glomerular filtration rate estimated from the serum cystatin C of $20.2mL/min/1.73m^2$. Proteinuria (spot urine protein to creatinine ratio 1.66) with pyuria was observed. Kidney sonography showed parenchymal swelling and increased renal echogenicity. Due to rapidly progressing nephritis, steroid pulse therapy (750 mg/IV) was done on the second day of his admission and the patient showed complete recovery with normal renal function. However, the kidney biopsy findings revealed renal cortical hemorrhagic necrosis. Multifocal, relatively well-circumscribed, hemorrhagic necrotic areas (about 25%) were detected in the tubulointerstitium. Although RCN is an unusual cause of AKI, especially in children, pediatricians should consider the possibility of RCN when evaluating patients with rapidly decreasing renal function.