• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.93-102
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• 1996

Laser-induced plume and laser-target interaction during pulsed laser deposition are demonstrated for a lead zirconate titanate (PZT). A KrF excimer laser (wavelength 248nm) was used and the laser was pulsed at 20Hz, with nominal pulse width of 20ns. The laser fluence was~$16J/cm^2,$ with 100mJ per pulse. The laser-induced plasma plume for nanosecond laser irradiation on PZT target has been investigated by optical emission spectra using an optical multichannel analyzer(OMA) and by direct observation of the plume using an ICCD high speed photography. OMA analysis showed two distinct ionic species with different expansion velocities of fast or slow according to their ionization states. The ion velocity of the front surface of the developing plume was about $10^7$cm/sec and corresponding kinetic energy was about 100eV. ICCD photograph showed another kind of even slower moving particles ejected from the target. These particles considered expelled molten parts of the target. SEM morphologies of the laser irradiated targets showed drastic melting and material removal by the laser pulse, and also showed the evidence of the molten particle ejection. The physics of the plasma(plume) formation and particle ejection has been discussed.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.149-159
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• 1989

The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of wavelength and intensity of light curing units on the curing of composite resin. The wavelength and intensity of nine units were evaluated with Optical Multichannel Analyzer and Radiometer. Two-part split stainless steel mold with a cylindrical hole-3.0mm in diameter, 6.0mm in hgieht-was prepared. After placing a Mylar strip between two parts, 100 specimens were made by inserting each of four composite resins into the mold and irradiating for 20 seconds with five light units alternatively. The curing depths were measured by scraping method and evaluated by two-way ANOVA. And Vicker's hardness measurements were made on the longitudinally sectioned surface at 0.5mm interval. The results were as follows: 1. Visilux 2 showed a narrow spectral band within the effective wavelength in initiating polymerization and the highest intensity. Translux showed the diffuse spectrum of wavelength and the lower light intensity. 2. Visilux 2 showed the highest curing effect in any composite resin and then followed by Optilux, Efos 35, Heliomat and Translux. (p < 0.01) 3. Durafill showed the deepest curing depth in any light unit and then followed by Bisfil M, Silux and Heliosit. (p < 0.01). 4. Maximum hardness values showed 0.1mm and 0.5mm under top surface and then gradually decreased with depth.

• 센서학회지
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.401-406
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• 2007

In this paper, we fabricated the polymer waveguide type surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor using a white light source and optical spectrum analyzer (OSA). Fabricated sensor uses the principle of phase matching between evanescent wave and surface plasmon wave. According to the measuring result, the shift of resonance wavelength conducts the change of the refractive index. The proposed SPR sensor is expected to apply the integrated multichannel SPR sensor and the realtime monitoring system.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제41권6호
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• pp.797-806
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• 2009

The Multichannel Analyzer for Transient and steady-state in Rod Array - Liquid Metal Reactor for Flow Blockage analysis (MATRA-LMR-FB) code for the analysis of a subchannel blockage has been developed and evaluated through several experiments. The current version of the code is improved here by the implementation of a distributed resistance model which accurately considers the effect of flow resistance on wire spacers, by the addition of a turbulent mixing model, and by the application of a hybrid scheme for low flow regions. Validation calculations for the MATRA-LMR-FB code were performed for Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) 19-pin tests with wire spacers and Karlsruhe 169-pin tests with grid spacers. The analysis of the ORNL 19-pin tests conducted using the code reveals that the code has sufficient predictive accuracy, within a range of 5 $^{\circ}C$, for the experimental data with a blockage. As for the results of the analyses, the standard deviation for the Karlsruhe 169-pin tests, 0.316, was larger than the standard deviation for the ORNL 19-pin tests, 0.047.

• 대한핵의학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.104-111
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• 1993

Trace elements are important components in the biological system, as a structural material and metabolic controller. Neutron activation analysis (NAA) with high neutron flux and high energy resolution Ge (Li) detector coupled to multichannel analyzer (MCA) has been one of the most accurate method for the determination of ultra-trace level components, and is applicable to biological material. In human body, the NAA can be used for quantitation of trace elements in various organs and tissue with endocrinological and metabolic disease and industrial metal poisoning. In this study, Triga Mark III nuclear reactor in Korea Atomic Research Institute was used for quantitation of trace eleement in human lung cancer tissues by neutron activation analysis. In the squamous cell carcinoma tissues, Br, Hg, La, Sb, Sc, Cl, Fe and I content were lower than normal lung tissues, and K, Rb and Se content were higher. In the adenocarcinoma tissues, Fe, Au, La, Sc and Zn content were lower than normal lung tissues, and Rb, Co and Se content were higher. Rb content was higher in the adenocarcinoma tissues than in the squamous cell carcinoma tissues. Fe and Na content were higher in the squamous cell carcinoma tissues than in the adenocarcinoma tissues.

• 센서학회지
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.367-373
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• 2012

We fabricated a fiber-optic alpha/beta detector, which is composed of a sensing probe, a plastic optical fiber, a photomultiplier tube, and a multichannel analyzer, to obtain the energy spectra of radioactive isotopes. As inorganic scintillators of a sensing probe, a ZnS(Ag) film was coupled with a $CaF_2$(Eu) crystal for alpha and beta spectroscopy. In this study, $^{210}Po$ and $^{90}Sr$ were used as alpha and beta sources, respectively, and we measured the radiation energy spectra using a fiber-optic alpha/beta detector to identify alpha and beta emitting radionuclides for nuclear medicine application. Also, the variations of energy spectrum were obtained according to the length of plastic optical fiber.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.87-100
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• 1990

자연환경 방사선의 주 요소의 하나인 지각 방사선에 의한 피폭선량을 정량적으로 측정 해석하기 위하여 24개월간에 걸친 TLD에 의한 연속 적산선량 측정과 주기적인 감마선 분광분석을 수행하였다. TLD로는 LiF PTFE disk형을 사용하였으며 감마선 분광분석에서는 $3&{\phi}{\times}3'$원주형 Nal(Tl) 섬광검출기와 휴대형 다중파고 분석기 (4096 ch)를 사용하였다. 측정한 선량은 모두 실효 선량당량으로 평가하였으며 부수적으로 우주선 전리 성분에 의한 선량당량도 평가할 수 있었다. 분산 가중 평균값을 취한 결과에 의하면 대전 지역의 측정점에서 지각 방사선과 우주선 전리 성부의 체외 피폭에 의한 년간 실효 선량당량은 각각 $564{\pm}4\;{\mu}Sv(64.8{\pm}0.5nSv{\cdot}h^{-1}$ 및 $300{\pm}2\;{\mu}Sv(34.3{\pm}0.2nSv{\cdot}h^{-1}$로 나타났다.

• 대한화학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.88-91
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• 1964

모나자이트中의 스칸디움含量을 더욱 簡便히 決定할 수 있도록 改良한 放射化分析法을 記述하였다. 즉 熱中性子束($10^{12}n/cm^2/sec$)에 照射된 試料에 스칸듐擔體와 黃酸을 넣고 加熱融解한 後 물로 稀釋한 試液에 암모니아水를 加하여 稀土類元素를 沈澱分離하였다. 沈澱을 鹽酸에 녹힌 다음 티오시안酸암모늄을 넣어 스칸듐을 에테르로 抽出하였다. 스칸듐의 化學的 回收率은 스칸듐을 만델린酸으로 沈澱시켜서 重量分析法에 依하여 決定하였다. 本分離法에 依한 스칸듐의 分離能과 共存元素의 放射能의 妨害與否는 이온交換樹脂를 使用하여 스칸듐을 分離한 結果와 比較檢討하였다. 스칸듐의 放射能은 Gamma-scintillation spectrometry 에 依하여 計測하였고 韓國産 모나자이트에는 約 12 p.p.m.의 스칸듐의 含有되어 있음을 알았다.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.29-40
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• 1988

환경방사선 측정에 이용되는 휴대형 고순도 게르마늄검출기에 대한 스펙트럼-조사선량율 변환연산자를 원판형선원의 공간분포함수와 검출기의 평면에 대한 측정효율식을 적용하여 이론적으로 유도했다. 이와 같이 구한 변환연산자와 휴대형 고순도 게르마늄검출기를 이용해 한국에너지연구소내에서 방사선 조사선량율을 측정했다. 측정한 조사선량율을 이미 알려진 3'${\phi}\;{\times}$3'NaI(Tl) 섬광검출기에 대한 변환연산자를 적용해 NaI(Tl)검출기로 측정한 조사선량율과 가압형 이온전리함으로 측정한 값과 비교했다. 고순도 게르마늄 검출기로 얻은 결과는 NaI(Tl) 검출기와 가압형 이온전리함으로 얻은 값보다 약 17-29% 낮음을 보여주었다. 이 차이는 다른 문헌에서 보인 차이와 거의 같았다. 본 논문에서 제시한 스펙트럼-조사선량율 변환연산자는 탁상용 계산기로 쉽게 계산할 수 있으며 환경방사선의 측정에 사용되는 여러 검출기에 대해서도 쉽게 적용할 수 있는 장점이 있고 지각에서 방출되는 각 핵종별로 조사선량율을 구할 수 있는 장점이 있다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제28권10호
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• pp.1656-1660
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• 2007

Using solid inorganic peroxides (including Li2O2, Na2O2, SrO2 and BaO2) as starting materials, three reaction paths for singlet oxygen (1O2) production were developed and studied. Their 1O2 emission spectra in the near- IR region and visible region from these reaction paths were simultaneously recorded by a near-IR sensitive Optical Multichannel Analyzer and a visible sensitive Optical Spectrum Analyzer, respectively. The comparison of their 1O2 emission spectra indicated that: (1) in term of the efficiency for 1O2 production, the gasliquid- solid reaction path (in which Cl2 or HCl and H2O reacted with the solid inorganic peroxides suspension in CCl4) was prior to the gas-solid reaction path (in which Cl2 or HCl reacted with the solid inorganic peroxides suspension in CCl4), but was inferior to the gas-liquid reaction path (in which Cl2 or HCl reacted with the solid inorganic peroxides solution in H2O or D2O); (2) the alkali metal peroxides (such as Li2O2 and Na2O2) was prior to the alkaline earth metal peroxides (such as SrO2 and BaO2) as the solid reactants, and Cl2 was favorable than HCl as the gas reactant in efficiency for 1O2 production in these reaction paths.