• Journal of Korean Society of Disaster and Security
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.13-24
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• 2019

The concept of shape similarity has been applied to verify the accuracy of the SIND model, the real-time prediction model for disaster risk. However, the CRITIC method, one of the most widely used in geometric methodology, is definitely limited to apply to complex shape such as hazard map for coastal disaster. Therefore, we suggested the modified CRITIC method of which we added the shape factors such as RCCI and TF to consider complicated shapes. The matching pairs were manually divided into exact-matching pairs and mis-matching pairs to evaluate the applicability of the new method for shape similarity into hazard maps for storm surges. And the shape similarity of each matching pair was calculated by changing the weights of each shape factor and criteria. Newly proposed methodology and the calculated weights were applied to the objects of the existent hazard map and the results from SIND model. About 90% of exact-matching pairs had the shape similarity of 0.5 or higher, and about 70% of mis-matching pairs were it below 0.5. As future works, if we would calibrate narrowly and adjust carefully multi-objects corresponding to one object, it would be expected that the shape similarity of the exact-matching pairs will increase overall while it of the mis-matching pairs will decrease.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.319-326
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• 2016

Colistin is a last resort antimicrobial agent against multi-drug resistant Gram-negative bacteria. This study was conducted to develop an analytical method to determine colistin in fish and shrimp. The analytes were confirmed and quantified via liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) in the positive ion mode using multiple reaction monitoring (MRM). The sample was extracted with acidified 5% methanol (containing 0.5% formic acid). Then, solid phase extraction (SPE) was used for cleanup. Matrix-matched calibration curves were linear over the calibration ranges (0.05-1.2 mg/kg) for all the analytes into blank sample with $r^2$ > 0.99. All the values fulfilled the criteria requested by the Codex guidelines. Average recoveries ranged from 85.9% to 107.9%. The repeatability of measurements, expressed as the coefficient of variation (CV, %), was less than 15%. The limit of detection (LOD) was 0.02 mg/kg, and the limit of quantitation (LOQ) was 0.05 mg/kg. This improved method showed higher accuracy and acceptable sensitivity to meet the CAC guideline requirements and is applicable for the analysis of residual colistin (A+B) in fish and shrimp.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.43 no.5
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• pp.748-754
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• 2010

The contents of soil organic matter (SOM) and $Al_o+1/2Fe_o$ in soils are important criteria for the classification of new Andisols in Soil Taxonomy system. There are many soil types in Jeju Island with various soil forming environments. This paper was conducted to estimate the contents of soil organic matter and the content of ammonium oxalate extracted Al and Fe ($Al_o+1/2Fe_o$) using various environmental variables and to make soil property maps using a statistical analyses. The soil samples were collected from 321 locations and analyzed to measure the contents of SOM and $Al_o+1/2Fe_o$. It was analyzed the relationships among them and various environmental variables such as temperature, precipitation, net primary product, radiation, evapotranspiration, altitude, soil forming energy, topographic wetness index, elevation, difference surrounded area, and distances from the shore and the peak. We can exclude multi-collinearity among environmental variables with principal component analysis and reduce all the variables to 3 principal components. The contents of SOM and $Al_o+1/2Fe_o$ were estimated by multiple regression models and maps of them were made using the models.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.36-47
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to classify and assess the characteristics of urban Korean parks by on-site park users' reactions, such as satisfaction, preference and cognitive image of the park and park facilities. The park facilities are classified into five types of satisfaction: management status, activity facilities, convenient facilities, circulation and density, and landscape facilities. The park users are satisfied with conversation, rest and relaxation in the parks, but not satisfied with studying and nature experience. The behaviors in the park are classified as park activities, emotional and experiential activities, and nature activities. The results indicate that the images of the parks are stable, comfortable and natural. There are three factors to classifying the park images: nature-harmony, openness, uniqueness. Preferences for each parks are generally good. According to the criteria such as satisfaction of park facility, behavioral satisfaction, images and preference for each park, the 12 parks are divided into 5 different types: multi-purpose park, well-balanced park with natural elements, urban open space, park to be improved, and ecological park. The characteristics of each park was analyzed and categorized. This study dealt with only the parks in Seoul and its environs, and the survey was only done during the summer season. Therefore, further research is necessary to enlarge and generalize the results of this study, considering seasonal and regional variations.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.76-84
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• 2003

Software agents reduce human involvement to a certain extent by automating routine tasks. However, most of agents have assisted with only a few steps in the multi-steps process of electronic transactions. In order to help users with the important steps in the electronic transactions, software agents need to persuade other parties to act in particular ways. While negotiations have many shapes and forms, this paper focuses on a particular class of negotiation, that is competitive business environment based negotiation. For negotiation with other parties in this contort, it is necessary for autonomous agents to consider environmental variables-the number of competitors, the number of negotiation parties, the maximum time by which they must finish their jobs, and user's preferences. Previous negotiation decision functions for the automated negotiation have used only time or the static numbs of negotiating parties as negotiation criteria, although competitive business environment should include potential competitors who can snatch negotiation parties away. This paper attempts to evaluate the performance of a negotiation decision function that considers the potential competitors in competitive market environment as well as that of a negotiation decision function that does not. For this evaluation, this study adopts the electronic marketplace as an application domain because many buyers and sellers compete for limited resources in the marketplace.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.23 no.7 s.85
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• pp.87-98
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• 2005

Through rail transit has many merits as a safe, environmental harmonic and scheduled transit, there are many problems to construct railroads because of the public resentment. However, there is no reasonable way to settle the conflict properly and it causes enormous social and economic losses. This paper suggests a methodology to evaluate public complaint using the AHP technique, which is generally used as the methodology to evaluate public complaint using the AHP technique, which is generally used as the Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM). However, the result from the AHP has some defects to control conflicts because the interests related to railroad projects are so complex that it is hard to make people persuaded easily. Therefore, this paper suggests 'the improvement ranking method', 'the sensitive analysis', and 'the assessment of independence relationship' which can aid the basic AHP to be robust. And the AHP. modified by fuzzy method, is also suggested to apply this methodology to example rail paths in Korea.

• Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.202-211
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• 2011

In this study the seasonal and spatial pattern of mercury (Hg) concentrations in multimedia environments were investigated in Lake So-Yang. Total mercury (TM) in water column greatly enhanced as turbidity and particulate organic carbon (POC) increased due to the severe runoff, suggesting that most of Hg existed as particulate Hg in Lake Soyang. We also collected 22 species of fish in Lake Soyang and Han River, and the average total mercury in fish was 0.073 ppm, lower than both Korean (0.5 ppm) and EPA criteria (0.3 ppm). However when considering the amount of fish intake for Korean the Hg criterion in fish must be more stringent than current value, and the advisory for fish consumption should be made. Hg in fish considerably varied with sampling sites, having the highest in the upper region (Yang-gu) and the lowest in downstream (Han River). This spatial variation was possibly derived by "bloom dilution" associated with high phosphorus loading or elevated DOC concentrations, or both. Total mercury in sediment varied from 69.9 to $98.3{\mu}g/kg$, which was relatively lower than those measured in Voyageurs National Park in Minnesota in USA ($102{\sim}364{\mu}g/kg$).

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.17 no.7
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• pp.283-293
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• 2017

This study analyzed the actual conditions of use of public sports facilities and characteristics of the users of the facilities through surveys and measured the spatial imbalance of the public sports facilities currently supplied by using gravity potential model. This study also suggests evaluation criteria that may be considered for efficient location selection by examining the change of accessibility to the facilities that meet the needs of users in the future. As the results of the questionnaire survey, unlike current usage, the users hoped for badminton, weight training and swimming. And we could confirm the demand for the expansion of the multi - purpose indoor gym which can carry out such activities in the areas. As the result of the analysis on the difference in accessibility of the public sports facility, there were some large variations in the regions. It was found that a balanced supply of facilities was needed in terms of equity. In particular, when analyzing by considering the population estimates of 2025, It is analyzed that the accessibility will be reduced to about 60% compared to that of 2015. In addition, it is evaluated as the best alternative in terms of overall efficiency that the location of the facilities should be in Munsan area where population growth is expected in the future.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.147-163
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• 2004

For the purchase of a cheaper product on the Internet, many customers have been trying to search online shopping mall sites and visit comparison-pricing shops that compare prices and other criteria of the product. Others have been participating into online auction markets or group-buying markets. However, a lot of online shopping malls, auction markets, and group-buying markets provide the same product with different prices. Since these marketplaces have different price settlement mechanism, it is very difficult for the customers to determine marketplace to purchase, considering different kinds of marketplaces at the same time. To overcome such limitations, decision rules and solution procedures for purchase decision making are necessary, which can cover multiple marketplaces simultaneously. For this purpose, purchase decision making in each market must be conducted to maximize customer's utility, and conflicts with other marketplaces must be resolved. Therefore, we have developed the rules and methods that can negotiate cooperatively the purchase decision making in several marketplaces, and designed an architecture of Intelligent Buyer Agent and a message structure to support the idea.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.48 no.8
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• pp.901-906
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• 2005

Kawasaki disease (KD) is a leading cause of acquired heart disease in children. Yet the etiology of KD is still unknown and diagnosis depends on the exclusion of other diseases and the clinical manifestations meeting the defined criteria. Young infants frequently show atypical clinical courses and are frequently complicated with coronary aneurysms. Some cases show thrombocytopenia, which is known as one of the risk factors for complications with coronary aneurysms. So, a high index of suspicion is the most important factor for the diagnosis of KD in very young infants or adolescents whose clinical courses are equivocal. We report herein on a case of KD in an 80-day-old female infant with fever and seizure with bloody stool; laboratory findings were those of sepsis with disseminated intravascular coagulopathy. In spite of aggressive treatments, fever and thrombocytopenia persisted for two weeks and huge coronary aneurysms developed at the third week in all three major coronary arteries; the diameter of the right one was as large as the aortic annulus. Three months later, huge pulsatile masses developed in both axillas; these were found to be huge axillary aneurysms defined very clearly on multi-detector CT scan. She has been under follow up with antiplatelets and anticoagulation therapy with poor regression of the aneurysms.