• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.219-227
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• 2001

Another approach (multi-parameter measurement method) of interlaboratory studies of test methods is presented. When the unrestricted normal likelihood for the fixed latent variable model is unbounded, we propose a me쇙 of restricting the parameter space by formulating realistic alternative hypothesis under which the likelihood is bounded. A simulation study verified the claim of conservatism of level of significance based on assumptions about central chi-square distributed test statistics and on Bonferroni approximations. We showed a randomization approach that furnished empirical significance levels would be better than a Bonferroni adjustment.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제71권1호
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• pp.45-56
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• 2019

A modified mechanical model of pre-pressed spring self-centering energy dissipation (PS-SCED) brace is proposed, and the hysteresis band is distinguished by the indication of relevant state variables. The MDOF frame system equipped with the braces is formulated in an incremental form of linear acceleration method. A multi-objective genetic algorithm (GA) based brace parameter optimization method is developed to obtain an optimal solution from the primary design scheme. Parameter sensitivities derived by the direct differentiation method are used to modify the change rate of parameters in the GA operator. A case study is conducted on a steel braced frame to illustrate the effect of brace parameters on node displacements, and validate the feasibility of the modified mechanical model. The optimization results and computational process information are compared among three cases of different strategies of parameter change as well. The accuracy is also verified by the calculation results of finite element model. This work can help the applications of PS-SCED brace optimization related to parameter sensitivity, and fulfill the systematic design procedure of PS-SCED brace-structure system with completed and prospective consequences.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2015년도 학술발표회
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• pp.209-209
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• 2015

상수도 관망은 대표적인 사회기반시설로 수원으로부터 수용가에 이르기까지 안정적으로 유량을 공급하는 것을 목표로 한다. 상수도 관망의 최적설계는 요구되는 절점의 수압, 관로의 유속 등 수리학적 제약조건을 만족시키는 범위 안에서 비용을 최소화하는 설계안을 얻어내는 것을 목표로 시작하였다. 하지만 비용만을 고려한 과거의 상수도 관망 최적설계는 미래의 불확실한 조건에 매우 취약하고, 사용자의 다양한 요구를 충족시키지 못한다. 이 때문에 현대의 상수도 관망의 설계시 다양한 설계인자의 고려와 함께 효율적인 최적설계기법 적용의 필요성이 대두되고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 상수도 관망 최적설계에 다양한 설계인자를 동시에 고려하기 위해 다목적 최적 설계기법인 Multi-objective Harmony Search 알고리즘을 적용하였다. 또한 다목적 최적설계의 효율성 증대를 위하여 매개변수 자동보정 기법 중 하나인 Parameter-Setting-Free (PSF) 기법(Geem and Sim, 2010)을 사용하였다. PSF 기법은 최적화 알고리즘의 매개변수 설정의 번거로움을 없애고, 반복수행을 통한 해 탐색이 진행됨에 따라 가장 효율적으로 작용하는 매개변수를 자동으로 설정하여 탐색효율을 강화하도록 고안된 기법이다. 본 연구에서는 제안된 기법을 실제 상수도관망의 최적설계에 적용하였고 그 결과를 분석하였다. 그 결과 제안된 기법을 통해 관망의 비용을 포함한 다양한 설계인자를 동시에 만족시키는 최적설계안을 효과적으로 도출 할 수 있었으며, 매개변수 자동보정 기법의 적용을 통해 해 탐색의 효율성과 편의성을 향상시킬 수 있었다.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.37-41
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to establish the predictive method of angular distortion of the double-sided multi-pass butt weldment achieve it, the behavior of angular distortion in the butt weldment were investigated using comprehensive finite element analyses and experiments. The angular distortion in the multi-pass butt weldment strongly depends on the welding heat input(Q) and the effective bending rigidity of the weld throat. The effective bending rigidity of the first welding pass on the backing side was defined as the function of dimensionless parameter(k) and a bending rigidity of bead-on-plate weldment. Based on the results, the predictive equation for angular distortion of multi-pass butt weldment was proposed and verified by experiments.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제22권7호
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• pp.863-871
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• 2013

Dielectric discharges are an emerging technique in environmental pollutant degradation, which that are characterized by the production of hydroxyl radicals as the primary degradation species. For practical application of the plasma reactor, reactor that can handle large amounts of water are needed. Plasma research to date has focused on small-scale water treatment. This study was carried out basic study for scale-up of a single DBD (dielectric barrier discharge) plasma reactor. The degradation of N, N-Dimethyl-4-nitrosoaniline (RNO, indicator of the generation of OH radical) was used as a performance indicator of multi-plasma reactor. The experiments is divided into two parts: design parameters [effect of distance of single plasma module (1~14 cm), arrangement of ground electrode (single and multi), rector number (1~5) and power number (1~5)]; operation parameter [effect of applied voltage (60~220 V), air flow rate (1~5 L/min), electric conductivity of solution ($1.4{\mu}S/cm$, deionized water)~18.8 mS/cm (addition of NaCl 10 g/L) and pH (5~9)]. Considering the electric stability of the plasma reactor, optimum spacing between the single plasma module was 2 cm. Multi discharge electrodes - single ground electrode array was selected. Combination of power 3-plasma module 5 was the optimal combination for maximum RNO degradation. The optimum 1st voltage and air flow rate for RNO degradation were 180 V and 4 L/min, respectively. The pH and conductivity of the solution was not influencing the RNO degradation.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제25권3A호
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• pp.362-374
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• 2000

In this paper, trellis coded 16 QAM Multi-Carrior CDMA system is proposed, Using the equivalent signal-to-noise plus interference Power ratio (SNIR) of Multi-Carrier CDMA system in the reverse link, capacity and BER performance of trellis coded 16 QAM Multi-Carrier CDMA system are analyzed taking into account the number of multi-carrier, the number of multiple access user, the number of SC/MRC diversity branch, and Rician fading parameter in multiuser interference and Rician fading channel. And the capacity and the BER performance of trellis coded 16 QAM Multi-Carrier CDMA system using selection combining (SC) and maximal ratio cabining (MRC) diversity are numerically compared. Obtained results show that the capacity of proposed system depends on the number of multi-carrier. ti is found that the trellis coded 16 QAM Multi-Carrier CDMA system with SC/MRC antenna diversity scheme is efficient to combat multipath fading and to increase the maximum number of users in high speed data communication. With the results of analysis. MRC diversity technique provides the performance fro high speed data communications. Finally, we present a numerical approach to derive the capacity and the BER performance and to find the maximum number of multiple access user for Multi-Carrier system in multiuser interference and Rician fading channel.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.96-111
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• 2012

Hull Mounted Sonar (HMS) is a long range submerged vehicle's hull-mounted passive sonar system which detects low-frequency noise caused by machineries of enemy ships or submerged vehicles. The HMS needs a sound absorption /insulation multi-layer structure to shut out the self-noise from own machineries and to amplify signals from outside. Therefore, acoustic analysis of the multi-layer system should be performed when the HMS is designed. This paper simplified the HMS multi-layer system to be an infinite planar multi-layer model. Also, main excitations that influence the HMS were classified into mechanical, plane wave and turbulent flow excitation, and the investigations for each excitation were performed for various models. Stiffened multi-layer analysis for mechanical excitation and general multi-layer analysis for turbulent flow excitation were developed. The infinite planar multi-layer analysis was expected to be more useful for preliminary design stage of HMS system than the infinite cylindrical model because of short analysis time and easiness of parameter study.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.257-281
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• 2024

In real life, a decision-maker can assign multiple values for pairwise comparison with a certain confidence level. Studies incorporating multi-choice parameters in multi-criteria decision-making methods are lacking in the literature. So, In this work, an extension of the Best-Worst Method (BWM) with multi-choice pairwise comparisons and multi-choice confidence parameters has been proposed. This work incorporates an extension to the original BWM with multi-choice uncertainty and confidence level. The BWM presumes the Decision-Maker to be fully confident about preference criteria vectors best to others & others to worst. In the proposed work, we consider uncertainty by giving decision-makers freedom to have multiple choices for preference comparison and having a corresponding confidence degree for each choice. This adds one more parameter corresponding to the degree of confidence of each choice to the already existing MCDM, i.e. multi-choice BWM and yields acceptable results similar to other studies. Also, the consistency ratio remained low within the acceptable range. Two real-life case studies are presented to validate our study on proposed models.

• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국연소학회 2012년도 제45회 KOSCO SYMPOSIUM 초록집
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• pp.3-4
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• 2012

Characteristics of the flow in the incinerator were studied in terms of the cold flow and combustion using multi-staged tangential burner. The design parameters such as deflection angle of main nozzle, and decline angle of assist nozzle habe been changed. The effects of each parameter on burning characteristics have been investigated.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2000년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.479-484
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• 2000

The reliable estimation of the system parameters and the accurate prediction of the system behavior are important to design tunnel safely and economically. Therefore, the back analysis using the field measurements data is useful to evaluate the geotechnical parameter for tunnel. In the back analysis method, the selection of initial value and uncertainty of field measurements influence significantly on the analysis result. In this paper, to overcome uncertainty of field measurements, we performed the back analysis using the displacement data gained at each step of excavation and support.