• The Korean Journal of Ecology
• /
• v.23 no.2
• /
• pp.107-112
• /
• 2000

Comparison of oribatid mite community structures among Namsan, Kwangreung, and Mt, Jumbong, which receive different levels of environmental stress from severe to almost none, was made in coniferous and deciduous forests, respectively. The number of species of oribatid mites was significantly lower in Namsan and Mt. Jumbong than in Kwangreung in the coniferous forest (p<0.05). In the deciduous forests, the number of species of oribatid mites was significantly lower in Namsan than in Kwangreung and Mt. Jumbong. Dominant species in 3 regions were remarkably different. Similarity of the oribatid community between Namsan and Kwangreung was much higher (ca. 2 times) than similarities between Namsan and Mt. Jumbong. and Kwangreung and Mt Jumbong. Diversity index (H$^{\prime}$) value of oribatid communities in deciduous forests in Namsan, Kwangreung and Mt. Jumbong was 2.74, 2.78, and 2.87, respectively. Diversity (H$^{\prime}$) value of oribatid communities in coniferous forests in Namsan, Kwangreung and Mt. Jumbong was 2.83, 2.62, and 2.38, respectively. Namsan and Kwangreung were characterized as O-type in both coniferous and deciduous forests On the contrary, Mt. Jumbong was characterized as MG-type in MGP-I analysis.

• The Korean Journal of Soil Zoology
• /
• v.5 no.1
• /
• pp.21-32
• /
• 2000

A faunistic study on the spiders (Arachnida: Araneae) from Mt. Jumbong Kangwon-do was carried out from 1996 to 1999. During the survey period, 144 species of 88 genera belonging to 27 families including 5 undetermined species were identified from 900 collecting individuals. The dominant families were Linyphiidae 21 species; 14.6% of total species), Araneidae (20 species, 13.9%), Theridiidae (16 species, 11.1%), and Salticidae 12 species, 8.3%). The composition of the species of web builders was richer than that of hunters. As for species commonness with adjacent countries, the numbers of common species between Mt. Jumbong and Japan, Mt. Jumbong and China, and Mt. Jumbong and Russia were 15 species (80.4%), 98 species (68.5%), and 48 species (33.6%), respectively. The number of common species among these four regions were 39 species (27.3%). So, the spider species composition in Mt. Jumbong seemed being much similar to those in neighbor countries. An outline of biogeographical distribution of spiders can be summarized as 1 Cosmopolitan species (0.7%), 16 Palearctic species (11.2%), 7 Holarctic species (4.9%), 25 Korean endemic species (17.4%) and no Oriental species. In the spider fauna at Mt. Jumbong, therefore, there are high level of occurrence of Korean endemic species with northern spiders as Palearctic and Holarctic species. The level and direction of man-made development may have negative effect on regional biota.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
• /
• v.22 no.3
• /
• pp.221-229
• /
• 2008

This study observed and compared phenological changes in the spring for some native woody plants growing at Mt. Jumbong and Mt. Bongeui located at central districts of our country, and also inquired into the phenological difference subsequent to microclimate change by measuring its related environment factors as well. The average air temperature at a survey point of Mt. Jumbong from January to May in 2004 was $4.1^{\circ}C$ lower than that of Mt. Bongeui. As for the soil temperature in April by a survey section within Mt. Jumbong, the soil temperature on the west and northwest slopes was $1.8^{\circ}C$ and $4.4^{\circ}C$ lower than that of the south slope, respectively. It was found that the earliest tree species in a flowering period was Lindera obtusiloba among the sample woody plants and its flowering began in late March at Mt. Bongeui and in early April at Mt. Jumbong. The flowering of the same species began faster on the south slope than the west or north slope; in case of the tree species flowering in early spring, there appeared about two-week interval between the survey sites. Likewise, leafing time of the same species was two weeks earlier at Mt. Bongeui(in mid-April) than at Mt. Jumbong(in early May). Nuttonson's Index and Year Day Index for the flowering and leafing time of the same species showed similar value between the survey sites. It is analyzed that the transition in phenological phases between the sites is mainly caused by temperatures; further, it is implied that the climate changes and rise in temperatures could expedite the changes in phenological phases more than ever.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
• /
• v.22 no.1
• /
• pp.58-65
• /
• 2006

This study investigated to distribution of Lepidoptera on the forest stands of cental Gangwon area from July to August in 2005. Collected Lepidoptera in the study area were total 462 individuals 123 genus 15 family and were collected 166 individuals, 66 genus, 15 family in Jumbong Mt., 159 individuals 65 genus 15 family in Eungbok Mt. and 137 individuals 40 genus 9 family in Odae Mt.. Dominant species in study area were Ampelophaga rubiginosa 54 individuals, Antheraea yamamai 35 individuals, Dendrolimus superans 27 individuals, Triphaenopsis jezoensis 14 individuals, Lymantria monacha 13 individuals. Shannon species diversity index(H') and Evenness index (J') were 1.52, 0.84 in Jumbong Mt., 1.69, 0.91 in Eungbok Mt., 1.87, 0.83 in Odae Mt. respectively. Community similarity index showed the lowest value in Jumbong Mt. and Odae Mt. as 0.11, the highest value in Jumbong Mt. and Odae Mt. as 0.28.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
• /
• v.19 no.6
• /
• pp.563-573
• /
• 1996

Macroinvertebrate contribution to the leaf litter breakdown of Carpinus cordata was estimated at headwater streams at Mt. Jumbong (38°03'N, 128°25'E) during spring and winter spring by using two types of litter bag. Coarse-mesh bags with 10 g of leaf letter were placed in a 1st-order stream in April (the spring experiment) and December 1995 (the winter-spring experiment). Fine-mesh bags with 5 g of leaf letter were placed in a nearby 3ed-order steam. The breakdown of Carpinus in coarse-mesh bags was rapid, and, in terms of season, leaf litter processed rapidly during spring. daily mass loss rates of leaf litter (-k±1 SE) were highest for coarse-mesh bags in the spring experiment (-0.0429±0.0048), followed by coarse-mesh bags in the winter-spring (-0.0146±0.0014), fine-mesh bags in the spring (-0.0078±0.0004), fine-mesh bags in the winter-spring experiment (-0.0054±0.0005). Macroinvertebrate contribution to the litter breakdown was estimated by the difference of % leaf letter remaining between coarse -mesh bage and fine-mesh bags. Although shredders were more abundant during the winter-spring, their contribution was greater during the spring (50%) than the winter-spring (22∼33%). This result appeared to be due to the change in the chemical composition of leaf letter during processing, and to the seasonal growth patterns of major shredder taxa.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
• /
• v.22 no.6
• /
• pp.355-361
• /
• 1999

Distribution of size class, population regeneration and changes in the population structure of Quercus mongolica were studied from 1994 to 1999 in Mt. Jumbong (128°27' E, 38° 04' N) of Mt. Sorak National Park and Biosphere Reserve in central Korea. Three 20m × 20m permanent quadrats were set up at the elevation of 900m. The vegetation of the study site was dominated by Quercus mongolica and Acer pseudosieboldianum, but little change was observed in the community structure from 1995 to 1999. Most mortality in the study site was observed in small trees of A. pseudosieboldianum and Tilia amurensis. Mean annual growth in dbh (diameter of breast height) of Q. mongolica for 4 years was only 0.09cm, and no ingrowth of saplings (dbh < 2.5cm) into tree class was observed during the study period. Among the 21 Q. mongolica trees studied in the permanent quadrats. all the smaller trees (dbh < 30cm) were established in 1920 ∼ 1950, while many bigger trees (with 40cm < dbh < 80cm) were established in 1750 ∼ 1800, indicating that its establishment was episodic. Distribution of dbh classes among Q. mongolica trees shows that smaller trees were poorly represented, and no saplings of Q. mongolica occurred in the permanent quadrats studied, indicating that currently Q. mongolica is not regenerating well in the study site. Total seed production of Q. mongolica in 1994 was estimated as 88 acorns per square meter in the study site. Rate of predation including caching of acorns was highest in 1994, then declined sharply thereafter. Most of the acorns which managed to survive in the first year were predated in the second year, and only 5% of the acorns produced in 1994 survived into the third year. No seeds produced in 1994 or seedlings germinated from them succeeded to survive to 5 years after seed production. However, seedling emergence rate and seedling survival were high in the early growing season in 1995. These results suggest that predation can be a significant factor in the regeneration of Q. mongolica. and that Q. mongolica is not regenerating well in Mt. Jumbong and needs large scale disturbances for its new recruitment.

• Proceedings of the Zoological Society Korea Conference
• /
• 1995.10b
• /
• pp.189.1-189
• /
• 1995

No Abstract, See Full Text

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Soil Zoology Conference
• /
• 1997.03a
• /
• pp.7-8
• /
• 1997

• Spatial Information Research
• /
• v.6 no.2
• /
• pp.247-256
• /
• 1998

The objective of this research was to develop habitat suitability models for wild boar (Sus Scrafa) in Mt. Sulak National Park and Mt. Jumbong Natural Forest Reserve. The study area is covered-with climax temperate hardwood forests ot'mainly Mongolian oak ($\textit{Quercus mongolica}$), and has diverse wildlife species including wild boars. Three suitability models - summer, fall, and annual models - were developed. These models were based on slope, aspect, forest types, forest year classes, distance from streams and trails. Habitat data collected through telemetry were used for the models. The accuracy of the models was tested by comparing observed traces of wild boar in Mt. Jurnbong, and most traces were on suitable areas on the suitability maps.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
• /
• v.24 no.2
• /
• pp.111-115
• /
• 2001

Vegetational changes along elevational and topographical gradients were studied in Mt. Jumbong which is located at the core area of the Mt. Sorak Biosphere Reserve in Kangwon-do Province in central Korea. Two 500 m north-south transects crossing two valleys and a small ridge were laid out, and fifty-one 10 m$\times$10 m permanent quadrats were systematically set up. All trees bigger than 2.5 cm DBH were marked with numbered aluminum tags, and their DBH measured and the species identified. Coverage of plant species in the herb layer were determined in two 2 m $\times$ 2 m subquadrats in each of the permanent quadrats. Thirty-two species of woody plants occurred in the tree layer in the permanent quadrats studied. Quercus mongolica was the dominant species across the study site, and Acer pseudosieboldianum and Carpinus cordata were also important. Quercus mongolica occurred on the ridges and south-facing slopes, and Acer pseudosieboldianum occurred extensively except for valleys. In contrast, Fraxinus mandshurica, Acer mono, Acer triflorum, and Ulmus laciniata were common in valleys. At the herbaceous layer, 112 species were identified. Dominant species were Ainsliaea acerifolia and Sasa borealis on the ridges, Meehania urticifolia on north-facing slopes, and Deutzia glabrata on valleys. Soil environmental factors were compared among the quadrats. pH was lower in the quadrats located on ridges and south-facing slopes, and organic matter was lowest on south-facing slopes. Quadrats located on valleys were generally higher in pH, organic matter, N, P, K, Ca and Mg. DCA ordinations for tree layer and herb layer were carried out in order to identify the dominant environmental factors affecting the distribution of plant species along the environmental gradients. Correlation analysis between ordination axis scores and environmental factors showed that axis one was negatively correlated with elevation and positively correlated with soil organic matter, pH, Ca, Mg, and P, but that axis two was positively correlated with elevation. These results indicate that vegetation responds very sensitively to elevational and topographical gradients although the study area is relatively small with about 100 m in elevational variation.